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Plocealauda
''Plocealauda'' is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae. Introduced in 2023, it contains five species that were formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. Their distributions range from the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia. Taxonomy and systematics A 2023 molecular phylogeny, molecular phylogenetic study of the lark family Alaudidae by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and collaborators found that the genus ''Mirafra'' contained deep internal genetic divergence, genetic divergences. They therefore proposed splitting ''Mirafra'' into four genera, each corresponding to a major clade. Names were available for three of the clades, but for the fourth clade, they introduced the new name ''Plocealauda'' and designated the type species as ''Miafra assamica'' Thomas Horsfield, Horsfield, 1840, the Bengal bush lark. The name ''Plocealauda'' is a portmanteau of the genera ''Ploceus'', introduced by Georges Cuvier for the weaverbird, weavers in 1816, and ''Alauda'', introduced by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerdon's Bush Lark
Jerdon's bush lark (''Plocealauda affinis'') or Jerdon's lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in south Asia. This was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra'' and considered as a subspecies of '' Mirafra assamica'' and termed as the Madras bushlark. Two other species in the complex includde '' Mirafra marionae'' and '' Mirafra microptera''. Jerdon's bush lark is typically very pale on the underside Taxonomy and systematics The common name commemorates the surgeon-naturalist Thomas C. Jerdon. Formerly, Jerdon's bush lark was considered to be a subspecies of the Bengal bush lark (as ''M. assamica affinis'') until studies of differences in call and distribution led to it being treated as a separate species. However, not all authorities recognize this species split. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. Jerdon's bush lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra'' but was one of five species moved to the newly erected genus '' Plocealauda'' b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengal Bush Lark
The Bengal bush lark (''Plocealauda assamica'') or Bengal lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in southern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The Bengal bush lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of five species moved to a newly erected genus, ''Plocealauda'', based on evidence from a large molecular genetic study published in 2023. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. The Bengal bush lark was earlier classified into several races, the Bengal race ''assamica'' and the Madras race ''affinis''. These were subsequently split, on the basis of diagnostic song and display characters, into the Jerdon's bush lark (''Mirafra affinis'') and ''assamica'' in the strict sense. Formerly, both the Burmese bush lark and Jerdon's bush lark were considered subspecies of the Bengal bush lark (as ''M. a. microptera'' and ''M. a. affinis'' respectively) until split to form a separate species. The alternate name "rufous-winged bush lark" ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Bush Lark
The Indian bush lark (''Plocealauda erythroptera'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in South Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The Indian bush lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of five species moved to a newly erected genus, ''Plocealauda'', based on evidence from a large molecular genetic study published in 2023. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. The alternate names "red-winged lark" and "red-winged bush lark" are more commonly used to describe the red-winged lark (''M. hypermetra''). Other alternate names of the Indian bush lark are "Indian lark", "Indian red-winged lark", "red-winged singing bushlark" and "rusty-winged lark". Description The plumage of the Indian bush lark is pale and it has a cheek patch completely bounded by a white supercilium and post-auricular border. The crown and upper-parts are heavily streaked. The pale underparts have large spots on the breast. Most of its wing coverts, tertials and ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indochinese Bush Lark
The Indochinese bush lark (''Plocealauda erythrocephala'') or Indochinese lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in southeast Asia. Taxonomy and systematics Following work a decade ago by Per Alström, the Indochinese bush lark was split from the Bengal bush lark to form a separate species. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. The Indochinese bush lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra'' but was one of five species moved to the newly erected genus ''Plocealauda'' based on evidence from a large molecular genetic study published in 2023. Distribution and habitat The range of the Indochinese bush lark extends over a large swath of southeast Asia, and can be found in Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos. The Indochinese bush lark is found in a variety of open-space habitat In ecology, habitat refers to the array of resources, biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproductio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmese Bush Lark
The Burmese bush lark (''Plocealauda microptera'') or Burmese lark, is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in Southeast Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The Burmese bush lark was previous treated as a subspecies of the Bengal bush lark until split following genetic analysis by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström. It was formerly included in the genus ''Mirafra'' but is one of five species moved to a newly erected genus ''Plocealauda'' based on the evidence from a large molecular genetic study published in 2023. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. Distribution and habitat Although the global population of the Burmese bush lark has not yet been quantified, it is believed to be locally numerous within its sizable range in central Myanmar, where it is endemic, and is estimated to have an extent of occurrence of anywhere from 50,000 to 100,000 km2. The Burmese bush lark is a common denizen of a variety of habitats, including grassland A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lark
Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. Larks have a cosmopolitan distribution with the largest number of species occurring in Africa. Only a single species, the horned lark, occurs in North America, and only Horsfield's bush lark occurs in Australia. Habitats vary widely, but many species live in drier regions. When the word "lark" is used without specification, it often refers to the Eurasian skylark ''(Alauda arvensis)''. Taxonomy and systematics The family Alaudidae was introduced in 1825 by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Aylward Vigors as a subfamily Alaudina of the finch family Fringillidae. Larks are a well-defined family, partly because of the shape of their . They have multiple Scute#Birds, scutes on the hind side of their tarsi, rather than the single plate found in most songbirds. They also lack a pessulus, the bony central structure in the syrinx of songbirds. They were long placed at or near the beginning of the songbirds or oscines (now often called Pas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirafra
''Mirafra'' is a genus of lark in the family Alaudidae. Some ''Mirafra'' species are called "larks", while others are called "bush larks". They are all found in Africa except for the singing bush lark that is found through South Asia to Australia. Taxonomy The genus ''Mirafra'' was introduced in 1821 by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield to accommodate a single species, ''Mirafra javanica'' the singing bush lark, which is therefore considered as the type species. The derivation of the genus name is unknown. A 2023 molecular phylogenetic study of the lark family Alaudidae by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström ''Per'' Johan Alström (born 9 April 1961) is a Swedish Professor of ornithology. He does research in Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, systematics, and evolution, with birds in Asia as a specialty. Alström works at the Department of Ecology and Genet ... and his collaborators found that the genus ''Mirafra'' contained deep internal genetic divergences. They theref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alauda
''Alauda'' is a genus of larks found across much of Europe, Asia and in the mountains of north Africa, and one of the species (the Raso lark) endemic to the islet of Raso in the Cape Verde Islands. Further, at least two additional species are known from the fossil record. The current genus name is from Latin ''alauda'', "lark". Pliny the Elder thought the word was originally of Celtic origin. Taxonomy and systematics The genus ''Alauda'' was introduced by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his ''Systema Naturae''. The type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ... was subsequently designated as the Eurasian skylark. The genus ''Alauda'' has four extant and at least two extinct species. Formerly, many other species have al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rusty Bush Lark
The rusty bush lark (''Calendulauda rufa''), also known as the rusty lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in the Sahel region of north-central Africa. Taxonomy and systematics The rusty bush lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It was moved to ''Calendulauda'' based on its vocalizations and plumage combined with the results of a large molecular genetic study of the Alaudidae by Per Alström and collaborators that was published in 2023. Subspecies Three subspecies are recognized: * ''C. r. nigriticola'' ( Bates, GL, 1932) – Mali to Niger * ''C. r. rufa'' ( Lynes, 1920) – Chad and west Sudan * ''C. r. lynesi'' ( Grant, CHB & Mackworth-Praed, 1933) – central Sudan Distribution and habitat The range of the rusty bush lark is large, with an estimated global extent of occurrence of 470,000 km2. It is typically found inhabiting the dry savannah ecoregion An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecological and geographic area that exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singing Bush Lark
The singing bush lark or Horsfield's bush lark (''Mirafra javanica'') is a species of lark which inhabits grassland throughout most of Australia and much of Southeast Asia. It was described by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield. Taxonomy The singing bush lark was formally described in 1821 by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield from a specimen collected on the island of Java. He placed the lark in the genus ''Mirafra'' and coined the binomial name ''Mirafra javanica''. The singing bush lark is one of 100 species of larks of the rather large and fairly diverse family, Alaudidae. They are small to medium-small passerines, usually with rather drab, brownish plumage. Predominantly an Old World family, the species are distributed widely across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Indian subcontinent but the singing bush lark is the only species occurring naturally in Wallacea, New Guinea and Australia. The alternate shortened name "bush-lark" can also refer to many of the other sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
