|
Pityriasis Dermatitis
Pityriasis commonly refers to flaking (or scaling) of the skin. The word comes from the Greek πίτυρον 'bran'. Classification Types include: * Pityriasis alba, dry, fine-scaled, pale patches on the face * Pityriasis lichenoides chronica, caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to infectious agents * Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, a disease of the immune system * Pityriasis rosea, a type of skin rash ** Pityriasis circinata, * Pityriasis rubra pilaris, reddish-orange patches (Latin: ''rubra'') on the skin * Pityriasis versicolor, a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities, usually caused by a fungus * Dandruff, historically called ''Pityriasis capitis'' * Pityriasis amiantacea, condition of the scalp in which thick tenaciously adherent scale infiltrates and surrounds the base of a group of scalp hairs See also * Desquamation * List of cutaneous conditions Many skin conditions affect the human integumentary system—the organ system covering th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. Theoretical implications Monotypic taxa present several important theoretical challenges in biological classification. One key issue is known as "Gregg's Paradox": if a single species is the only member of multiple hierarchical levels (for example, being the only species in its genus, which is the only genus in its family), then each level needs a distinct definition to maintain logical structure. Otherwise, the different taxonomic ranks become effectively identical, which creates problems for organizing biological diversity in a hierarchical syste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skin
Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation. Other animal coverings, such as the arthropod exoskeleton, have different developmental origin, structure and chemical composition. The adjective cutaneous means "of the skin" (from Latin ''cutis'' 'skin'). In mammals, the skin is an organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments, and internal organs. Skin of a different nature exists in amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Skin (including cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues) plays crucial roles in formation, structure, and function of extraskeletal apparatus such as horns of bovids (e.g., cattle) and rhinos, cervids' antlers, giraffids' ossicones, armadillos' osteoderm, and os penis/ os clitoris. All mammals have some hair on their skin, even marine mammals like whales, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bran
Bran, also known as miller's bran, is the component of a Cereal, cereal grain consisting of the hard layersthe combined aleurone and Fruit anatomy#Pericarp layers, pericarpsurrounding the endosperm. Maize, Corn (maize) bran also includes the pedicel (tip cap). Along with the cereal germ, germ, it is an integral part of whole grains, and is often produced as a byproduct of mill (grinding), milling in the production of refined grains. Bran is highly nutritious, but is difficult to digest due to its high fiber content; its high fat content also reduces its shelf life as the oils/fats are prone to becoming rancid. As such, it is typically removed from whole grain during the Refined grains, refining processe.g. in processing wheat grain into white flour, or refining brown rice into white rice. Bran is present in cereal grain, including rice, maize, corn (maize), wheat, oats, barley, rye, and millet. Bran is not the same as chaff, which is a coarser, scaly material surrounding the gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Alba
Pityriasis alba is a skin condition, a type of dermatitis, commonly seen in children and young adults as dry, fine-scaled, pale patches on the face. It is self-limiting and usually only requires use of moisturizer creams. The condition is so named for the fine scaly appearance initially present ( pityriasis), and alba (Latin for white) refers to the pallor of the patches that develop. The patches are not totally depigmented. Signs and symptoms The dry scaling appearance is most noticeable during the winter as a result of dry air inside people's homes. During the summer, tanning of the surrounding normal skin makes the pale patches of pityriasis alba more prominent. Individual lesions develop through 3 stages and sometimes are itchy: # Raised and red – although the redness is often mild and not noticed by parents # Raised and pale # Smooth flat pale patches Lesions are round or oval raised or flat, of 0.5–2 cm in size although may be larger if they occur on the body (up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica
Pityriasis lichenoides chronica is an uncommon, idiopathic, acquired dermatosis, characterized by evolving groups of erythematous, scaly papules that may persist for months. Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. . Symptoms and signs Although other forms of the disease occur at younger ages, some individuals start having long term symptoms at thirty years of age. This disease also affects adolescents and young adults. This also affects the immune system which therefore results in rashes. The symptoms rarely affect the face or scalp, but occurs at other sites of the body. The duration may last for months or even several years. For instance, new crops of lesions appear every few weeks. Causes Pityriasis lichenoides chronica is probably caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to infectious agents such as the Epstein–Barr virus. Other infectious agents include the adenovirus and Parvovirus B19. Treatment There is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Lichenoides Et Varioliformis Acuta
Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta is a disease of the immune system. It is the more severe version of pityriasis lichenoides chronica. The disease is characterized by rashes and small lesions on the skin. The disease is more common in males and usually occurs in young adulthood, although it has been seen in every age group and every race. It is possible for the disease to go into remission for short periods of time or forever. Causes There is no known cause of this disease; however, there is some evidence associating it with parvovirus B19. Diagnosis It is commonly misdiagnosed as chickenpox or rosacea, or misidentified as a form of staphylococcal infection. The most accurate way to diagnose it is by biopsy. This disease has not been known to be life-threatening. Treatment It is not contagious and currently there is no cure for the disease, although the lesions can be treated with phototherapy as well as antibiotics, including erythromycin, azithromycin and tetr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Rosea
Pityriasis rosea is a type of skin rash. Classically, it begins with a single red and slightly scaly area known as a "herald patch". This is then followed, days to weeks later, by an eruption of many smaller scaly spots; pinkish with a red edge in people with light skin and greyish in darker skin. About 20% of cases show atypical deviations from this pattern. It usually lasts less than three months and goes away without treatment. Sometimes malaise or a fever may occur before the start of the rash or itchiness, but often there are few other symptoms. While the cause is not entirely clear, it is believed to be related to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) or human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7). It does not appear to be contagious disease, contagious. Certain medications may result in a similar rash. Diagnosis is based on the symptoms. Evidence for specific treatment is limited. About 1.3% of people are affected at some point in time. It most often occurs in those between the ages of 10 and 35. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Circinata
Pityriasis commonly refers to flaking (or scaling) of the skin. The word comes from the Greek πίτυρον 'bran'. Classification Types include: * Pityriasis alba, dry, fine-scaled, pale patches on the face * Pityriasis lichenoides chronica, caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to infectious agents * Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, a disease of the immune system * Pityriasis rosea, a type of skin rash ** Pityriasis circinata, * Pityriasis rubra pilaris, reddish-orange patches (Latin: ''rubra'') on the skin * Pityriasis versicolor, a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities, usually caused by a fungus * Dandruff, historically called ''Pityriasis capitis'' * Pityriasis amiantacea, condition of the scalp in which thick tenaciously adherent scale infiltrates and surrounds the base of a group of scalp hairs See also * Desquamation * List of cutaneous conditions Many skin conditions affect the human integumentary system—the organ system cove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris
Pityriasis rubra pilaris refers to a group of chronic disorders characterized by reddish orange, scaling plaques and keratotic follicular papules.Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. . Symptoms may include reddish-orange patches (Latin: ''rubra'') on the skin, severe flaking (Latin: ''pityriasis''), uncomfortable itching, thickening of the skin on the feet and hands, and thickened bumps around hair follicles (Latin: ''pilus'' for hair). For some, early symptoms may also include generalized swelling of the legs, feet and other parts of the body. PRP has a varied clinical progression and a varied rate of improvement. There is currently no known cause or cure for PRP. It was first described by Marie-Guillaume-Alphonse Devergie in 1856, and the condition is also known as Devergie's disease. Diagnosis Classification Dr. W.A.D. Griffiths, from Great Britain, classified six forms of PRP in the early 1980s. At this time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinea Versicolor
Tinea versicolor (also pityriasis versicolor) is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus '' Malassezia globosa'', although '' Malassezia furfur'' is responsible for a small number of cases. These yeasts are normally found on the human skin and become troublesome only under certain conditions, such as a warm and humid environment, although the exact conditions that cause initiation of the disease process are poorly understood. The condition pityriasis versicolor was first identified in 1846. Versicolor comes from the Latin ' 'to turn' + ''color''. It is commonly referred to as Peter Elam's disease in many parts of South Asia. Signs and symptoms The signs of this condition include: * Occasional fine scaling of the skin producing a very superficial ash-like scale * Pale, dark tan, or pink in color, with a reddish undertone that can darken when the patient is overheated, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dandruff
Dandruff is a skin condition of the scalp. Symptoms include flaking and sometimes mild itchiness. It can result in social or self-esteem problems. A more severe form of the condition, which includes inflammation of the skin, is known as seborrhoeic dermatitis. The cause is unclear, but believed to involve a number of genetic and environmental factors; the condition may worsen in the winter. It is not due to poor hygiene, and the underlying mechanism involves the excessive growth of skin cells. Diagnosis is based on symptoms. There is no known cure for dandruff. Antifungal cream, such as ketoconazole, or the keratolytic agent salicylic acid may be used to try to improve the condition. Dandruff affects about half of adults, with males more often affected than females. In addition, people in all areas of the world are affected. Onset is usually at puberty, and it becomes less common after the age of 50. Etymology According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
