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Phiomorpha
The rodent parvorder or infraorder Phiomorpha comprises several living and extinct families found wholly or largely in Africa. Along with Anomaluromorpha and perhaps the extinct Zegdoumyidae, it represents one of the few early colonizations of Africa by rodents. Diversification During the Oligocene, Africa was not connected to any of the other continents. The predominant theory suggests that rodents first evolved in Laurasia, and expanded outward from there. Although Europe, Asia, and North America were distinct landmasses during much of the Eocene and Oligocene, they experienced intermittent migration events across the shallow sea separating Europe and Asia, via an ice-free Greenland (Europe and North America), or across Beringia (North America and Asia). The southern continents were much more isolated, leading to the unique faunas of Australia, South America, and to a lesser degree Africa. Although the hystricognath rodents may have evolved from an early entodacryan ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hystricognath
The Hystricognathi are an infraorder of rodents, distinguished from other rodents by the bone structure of their skulls. The masseter medialis (a jaw muscle) passes partially through a hole below each eye socket (called the infraorbital foramen) and connects to the bone on the opposite side. This, together with their lack of an infraorbital plate and the relative size of the infraorbital foramen, distinguishes hystricognaths from other rodent groups. The 18 families within the Hystricognathi are divided into two parvorders, the Phiomorpha and the Caviomorpha. The Caviomorpha are mostly native to South America, with a few species in the Caribbean and North America, while the Phiomorpha occur in the Old World. Behavior Play behavior has been observed in seven hystricognath families. The caviomorphs chase each other, play-wrestle, and gallop. The longer-legged species chase more often than the shorter-legged species. They also rotate their heads and body muscles as a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petromuridae
Petromuridae is a family of hystricognath rodents that contains the dassie rat ''(Petromus typicus)'' of southwestern Africa, the only extant member of this group. The genus ''Petromus'' contains a couple of extinct species, and additionally there are fossil genera formerly of the family Thryonomyidae that were found to belong to this family instead; ''Apodecter'', ''Tufamys'' and two species of ''Paraphiomys'' (''australis'' and ''roessneri'') which have yet to be placed in their own genus. References Petromuridae, Rodent families Phiomorpha {{rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thryonomyidae
Thryonomyidae is a family of hystricognath rodents that contains the cane rats ''(Thryonomys)'' found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, and a number of fossil genera. Taxonomy Thryonomyidae was formerly more diverse and widespread, with fossil relatives found in India and Arabia as well. The extinct genus '' Sacaresia'' from the island of Mallorca off Spain may also be a member of this family, though its position remains uncertain. *Genus †'' Epiphiomys'' **†''Epiphiomys coryndoni'' *Genus †'' Gaudeamus'' **†''Gaudeamus aegyptius'' *Genus †'' Kochalia'' **†''Kochalia geespei'' *Genus †'' Monamys'' **†''Monamys simonsi'' *Genus †'' Neosciuromys'' **†''Neosciuromys africanus'' *Genus †'' Paraphiomys'' **†''Paraphiomys afarensis'' **†''Paraphiomys hopwoodi'' **†''Paraphiomys knolli'' **†''Paraphiomys occidentalis'' **†''Paraphiomys orangeus'' **†''Paraphiomys pigotti'' **†''Paraphiomys renelavocati'' **†''Paraphiomys shipmani'' *Genus †'' Para ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phiomyidae
The Phiomyidae are a family of prehistoric rodents from Africa and Eurasia. A 2011 study placed ''Gaudeamus'' in a new family, Gaudeamuridae. Genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ... include: * '' Acritophiomys'' * '' Andrewsimys'' * '' Elwynomys'' * '' Gaudeamus'' * '' Phiomys'' References Phiomorpha Prehistoric rodent families Eocene first appearances Miocene extinctions {{paleo-rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathyergoididae
''Bathyergoides'' is an extinct genus of rodent from Africa thought to be related to the modern blesmols. It is the only member of the family Bathyergoididae. Fossils of ''Bathyergoides neotertiarius'' were recovered from the Early Miocene Elisabeth Bay Formation of Namibia Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country on the west coast of Southern Africa. Its borders include the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south; in the no ....Pickford, 2018, p. 88 References Bibliography * Phiomorpha Monotypic prehistoric rodent genera Miocene rodents Miocene mammals of Africa Fossils of Namibia Fossil taxa described in 1926 Taxa named by Ernst Stromer {{paleo-rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diamantomyidae
Diamantomyidae is a family of extinct hystricognath rodents from Africa and Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which .... References Phiomorpha Prehistoric rodent families Eocene first appearances Miocene first appearances {{paleo-rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old World Porcupine
The Old World porcupines, or Hystricidae, are large terrestrial rodents, distinguished by the spiny covering from which they take their name. They range over Southern Europe and the Levant, most of Africa, India, and Southeast Asia as far east as Flores. Although both the Old World and New World porcupine families belong to the infraorder Hystricognathi of the vast order Rodentia, they are quite different and are not particularly closely related. Characteristics Old World porcupines are stout, heavily built animals, with blunt, rounded heads, fleshy, mobile snouts, and coats of thick cylindrical or flattened spines, which form the whole covering of their bodies, and are not intermingled with ordinary hairs. The habits of most species are strictly terrestrial. They vary in size from the relatively small long–tailed porcupine with body lengths of , and a weight of , to the much larger crested porcupines, which are long, discounting the tail, and weigh from . The various speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kenyamyidae
Kenyamyidae is an extinct family of rodents from Africa that lived in the Lower Miocene era. There are two genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ... in the family, ''Kenyamys'' and ''Simonymys'', both described by Lavocat in 1973. There are two species of ''Kenyamys'', ''K. mariae'' and ''K. williamsi''. There is only one species of ''Simonymys'', ''S. genovefae''. References Phiomorpha Prehistoric rodent families Taxa named by René Lavocat Miocene first appearances Miocene extinctions {{paleo-rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myophiomyidae
Myophiomyidae is an extinct family of Old World hystricognath The Hystricognathi are an infraorder of rodents, distinguished from other rodents by the bone structure of their skulls. The masseter medialis (a jaw muscle) passes partially through a hole below each eye socket (called the infraorbital foram ...s. References Phiomorpha Prehistoric rodent families Taxa named by René Lavocat Rupelian first appearances Miocene extinctions {{Rodent-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naked Mole-rat
The naked mole-rat (''Heterocephalus glaber''), also known as the sand puppy, is a burrowing rodent native to the Horn of Africa and parts of Kenya, notably in Somali regions. It is closely related to the blesmols and is the only species in the genus ''Heterocephalus''. The naked mole-rat exhibits a highly unusual set of physiological and behavioral traits that allow it to thrive in a harsh underground environment; most notably its being the only mammalian thermoconformer with an almost entirely ectothermic (cold-blooded) form of body temperature regulation, as well as exhibiting eusociality, a complex social structure including a reproductive division of labor, separation of reproductive and non-reproductive castes, and cooperative care of young. The closely related Damaraland mole-rat (''Fukomys damarensis'') is the only other known eusocial mammal. Naked mole-rats lack pain sensitivity in their skin, and have very low metabolic and respiratory rates. The animal also is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodent
Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the Order (biology), order Rodentia ( ), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and Mandible, lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are native to all major land masses except for Antarctica, and several oceanic islands, though they have subsequently been introduced to most of these land masses by human activity. Rodents are extremely diverse in their ecology and lifestyles and can be found in almost every terrestrial habitat, including human-made environments. Species can be arboreal, fossorial (burrowing), saltatorial/ricochetal (leaping on their hind legs), or semiaquatic. However, all rodents share several morphological features, including having only a single upper and lower pair of ever-growing incisors. Well-known rodents include Mouse, mice, rats, squirrels, prairie dogs, porcupines, beavers, Cavia, guinea pigs, and hamsters. Once included wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entodacrya
Hystricomorpha (from Greek ὕστριξ, ''hystrix'' 'porcupine' and Greek μορφή, ''morphē'' 'form') is a term referring to families and orders of rodents which has had many definitions throughout its history. In the broadest sense, it refers to any rodent (except dipodoids) with a hystricomorphous zygomasseteric system. This includes the Hystricognathi, Ctenodactylidae, Anomaluridae, and Pedetidae. Molecular and morphological results suggest the inclusion of the Anomaluridae and Pedetidae in Hystricomorpha may be suspect. Based on , these two families are discussed here as representing a distinct suborder Anomaluromorpha. Classification The modern definition of Hystricomorpha, also known as Entodacrya or Ctenohystrica, is a taxonomic hypothesis uniting the gundis with the hystricognath rodents. Considerable morphological and strong molecular support exists for this relationship. If true, this hypothesis renders the traditional view of Sciurognathi invalid, as it bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
