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Paval Zhauryd
Paval Yakaulevich Zhauryd (, , 13 June 1889 in Žaǔryd – 11 May 1939) was a Belarusian military commander. Zhauryd was born in the village of Cieciarouka in the Slutsky Uyezd and graduated from the Slutsk Gymnasium in 1909. As a student at the gymnasium, Zhauryd created a Belarusian separatist club with his classmates. After graduation, he studied at the law faculty of the Warsaw University. He was mobilised into the Russian Imperial Army in 1916, during the First World War. After military training in Poltava, Paval Zhauryd was sent to Turkestan and later to the Romanian Front. After the Russian February Revolution, Paval Zhauryd was elected as his regiment's committee president. He was a delegate at the First All-Belarusian Congress in December 1917, where preparations for the declaration of independence of the Belarusian People's Republic had been initiated. Since 1918 Zhauryd had been working as a lawyer in Slutsk. At that time he became a member of the Belarusian Social ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slutsk Defence Action
The Slutsk uprising () or the Slutsk defence () was an unsuccessful armed attempt to establish an independent Belarus. It took place in late 1920, near the end of the Polish-Soviet War, in the region of the town of Slutsk. It involved a series of clashes between irregular Belarusian forces loyal to the Belarusian People's Republic and the Soviet Red Army, ending in a Soviet victory. Prelude Peace of Riga The preliminary peace accord (later finalized in Peace of Riga), signed on October 12, 1920, set new borders between Poland and the Soviet republics that divided modern Belarus and Ukraine in two parts. No Belarusian delegation was invited to the Riga congress — neither from the Belarusian Democratic Republic nor from the puppet Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia. Due to the treaty, the demarcation line Kiyevichy-Lan lay in a way that the region of Slutsk, Belarus, stayed in a neutral zone for some time before being taken by the Red Army. National movement in Slutsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars to oppose the military forces of the new nation's adversaries during the Russian Civil War, especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army. In February 1946, the Red Army (which embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces alongside the Soviet Navy) was renamed the "Soviet Army". Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union it was split between the post-Soviet states, with its bulk becoming the Russian Ground Forces, commonly considered to be the successor of the Soviet Army. The Red Army provided the largest land warfare, ground force in the Allies of World War II, Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its Soviet invasion of Manchuria, invasion of Manchuria assisted the un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Slutsky Uyezd
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939 Deaths
This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Coming into effect in Nazi Germany of: *** The Protection of Young Persons Act (Germany), Protection of Young Persons Act, passed on April 30, 1938, the Working Hours Regulations. *** The small businesses obligation to maintain adequate accounting. *** The Jews name change decree. ** With his traditional call to the New Year in Nazi Germany, Führer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler addresses the members of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP). ** The Hewlett-Packard technology and scientific instruments manufacturing company is founded by Bill Hewlett and David Packard, in a garage in Palo Alto, California, considered the birthplace of Silicon Valley. ** Philipp Etter takes over as President of the Swiss Confederation. ** The Third Soviet Five Year P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1889 Births
Events January * January 1 ** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada. ** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the Dakotas. * January 4 – An Act to Regulate Appointments in the Marine Hospital Service of the United States is signed by President Grover Cleveland. It establishes a Commissioned Corps of officers, as a predecessor to the modern-day U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. * January 8 – Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine in the United States. * January 15 – The Coca-Cola Company is originally incorporated as the Pemberton Medicine Company in Atlanta, Georgia. * January 22 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D.C. * January 30 – Mayerling incident: Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, and his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera commit a double suicide (or a murder-suicide) at the Mayerling hun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (; ), abbreviated as Komi ASSR (Komi and ), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union, established in 1936 as successor of Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast. In 1991, it became the Komi Republic, a federal subject of Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders .... See also * First Secretary of the Komi Communist Party States and territories established in 1936 Autonomous republics of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 1936 establishments in the Soviet Union 1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union Former socialist republics History of the Komi Republic {{Soviet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarapul
Sarapul ( Udmurt and ) is a city and a river port in the Udmurt Republic, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kama River, southeast of Izhevsk, the capital of the republic. Population: History Sarapul is one of the oldest cities of the Kama region. It was first mentioned in a 1596 population audit book as the village () of (, 'Ascension' f Christ, later known as Sarapul: "in Kazansky Uyezd in the upper Kama River ... in Sarapul and Siva people fish". Apparently, here ''Sarapul'' is the name of a section of the river, as well as the entire area along its shores. It is believed that the name of this area comes from the word () which in Chuvash means 'yellow fish', or sturgeon, which was in abundance here. Later, however, other versions of the origin of the name were considered. In particular, one of them says that the word formed by the merger of two words: , which in one of the Siberian dialects means 'money', and , a small copper coin, thus meaning 'place of money'. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Case Of The Union Of Liberation Of Belarus
The Case of the Union of Liberation of Belarus () was a political and criminal case initiated by the GPU of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic against several Belarusian scientists and culture activists. The case formed part of a wave of Soviet repressions in Belarus in 1929–1931. The GPU accused the victims of membership in a (presumably non-existent) anti-Soviet organization called the ''Union of Liberation of Belarus'' (). Most of the accused were killed, or expelled to far-away regions of the USSR. A case started with the arrest of the editor Piotar Iljučonak on February 17, 1930. During the spring and summer of 1930, 108 people were arrested. At the beginning the GPU saw Vaclaw Lastowski (former prime minister of the Belarusian People's Republic), Alaksandar Ćvikievič and Arkadź Smolič (former agriculture minister of the Belarusian People's Republic), as leaders of the organization. Later Alaksandar Adamovič (a Belarusian nationalist communist politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Political Directorate
The State Political Directorate (), abbreviated as GPU (), was the secret police of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from February 1922 to November 1923. It was the immediate successor of the Cheka, and was replaced by the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU). Name The official designation in line to the native reference is: *Русский: = Государственное политическое управление (ГПУ) при Народном комиссариaте внутренних дел (НКВД) РСФСР *Romanization of Russian, tr =Gosudarstvennoe politicheskoe upravlenie (GPU) pri narodnom komissariate vnutrennikh del (NKVD) RSFSR – (GPU pri NKVD RSFSR) *English: = State Political Directorate (also State Political Administration) under the People's Commissariat of interior affairs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) Establishment Formed from the Cheka, the original Russian state security organization, on Febr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zvyazda
Zvyazda (, , ) is a state-owned daily newspaper in Belarus. History and profile ''Zvyazda'' was founded in 1917 as an organ of the Minsk Committee of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks). ''Zvyazda'' was twice closed down by the Russian Provisional Government but continued being published under different names. At some periods of World War I and the Polish-Soviet war Zvyazda was printed in Smolensk. From 10 July 1944 ''Zvyazda'' has been published in Minsk. Until 1991 it was an official newspaper of the Communist Party of Belarus and the Communist parliament and government of Belarus. During the Soviet era, the paper received the Order of the Great Patriotic War and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Since August 1927 the newspaper has been printed in Belarusian language only. It is the only daily newspaper published in the Belarusian language in the country. During World War II remaining communist party members tried to publish the newspaper illegally on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Belarus
Eastern Belorussia (Eastern Belarus; ) is a historical region of Belarus traditionally inhabited by members of the Eastern Orthodox Church, in contrast to the largely-Catholic western Belorussia. Historically dominated politically by the peasantry, eastern Belorussia was a stronghold of the Belarusian Socialist Assembly after the February Revolution and later became the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic during the interwar period. History According to historian Grigory Ioffe, eastern Belorussia was among the first places in Belarus to adopt the demonym "Belarusian", doing so during the late 19th century. At the same time, western Belorussians commonly called themselves Litvins, while residents of Polesia referred to themselves as Poleshuks. Development of Belarusian nationalism Prior to 1917, eastern Belorussia fell within the Minsk Governorate, Minsk, Mogilev Governorate, Mogilev, and Vitebsk Governorates of the Russian Empire. In contrast to the nationally-minded w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
