|
Parnassiinae
The Parnassiinae or snow Apollos are a subfamily of the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae. The subfamily includes about 50 medium-sized, white or yellow species. The snow Apollos are high-altitude butterflies and are distributed across Asia, Europe and North America.Ackery PR (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). ''Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist.'' (Ent.) 31, pdf/ref> Tribes This subfamily consists of the following tribes: * Luehdorfiini * Parnassiini The Parnassiini are a tribe of swallowtail butterflies. Genera The tribe is thought to consist of two genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses ... * Zerynthiini Gallery File:Hypermnestrahelios (2) cropped.jpg, File:Parnassius phoebus MHNT CUT 2013 3 6 Arvieux female dos.jpg, File:Parnassius mnemosyne2.JPG, File:Archon_apollinus_bellargus_1.jpg, File:Luehdorfia japon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilionidae
Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the largest butterflies in the world, the birdwing butterflies of the genus '' Ornithoptera''. Swallowtails have a number of distinctive features; for example, the papilionid caterpillar bears a repugnatorial organ called the osmeterium on its prothorax. The osmeterium normally remains hidden, but when threatened, the larva turns it outward through a transverse dorsal groove by inflating it with fluid. The forked appearance in some of the swallowtails' hindwings, which can be seen when the butterfly is resting with its wings spread, gave rise to the common name ''swallowtail''. As for its formal name, Linnaeus chose '' Papilio'' for the type genus, as ''papilio'' is Latin for "butterfly". For the specific epithets of the genus, Linnaeus applied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zerynthia
''Zerynthia'' is a genus of swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae. The genus has a complex history; a multiplicity of names have been applied to its species. Species ''Zerynthia'' consists of the following species: Taxonomy See Ackery (1975), Larsen (1973), Kuhna (1977) Kocak (1975, 1977) , de Freina (1979) Vazrick Nazari and Felix A. H. Sperling (2007). Ackery (1975) pointed out that ''Zerynthia'' is a junior synonym of ''Parnalius'' Rafinesque, 1815 published as a replacement name for the preoccupied ''Thais'' Fabricius and moreover correctly listed by Sherborne (1929) Neave (1940) and Cowan (1970). ''Parnalius'' has subsequently been suppressed cf. ''The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature''. 36 (1979): 102) Synonymy *''Zerynthia'' Ochsenheimer, 1816 *''Thais'' Fabricius, 1807 (''Systema glossatorum'': XI): typus moneat.; junior homonym of ''Thais'' Roding, 1789. *''Thais'' Fabricius, 1807 (''Mag. fur Insektenkunde'' 6: 283) type ''Papilio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius
''Parnassius'' is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also show an adaptation to high altitudes called altitudinal melanism. They show dark bodies and darkened colouration at the wingbase which helps them warm faster using the sun. Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the ''Parnassius'' species possesses tails. The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon. Identification and ecology ''Parnassius'' species of butterflies are often hard to identify and can sometimes only be identified by dissection of the genitalia. The phylogeny of the group is still under study using molecular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sericinus
''Sericinus'' is a genus of swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae. The genus has a complex history and a multiplicity of names have been applied to its single species. ''Sericinus montela'', the dragon swallowtail, is the only species, making the genus monotypic. It is found in the Russian Far East, Korea, China and Japan. Taxonomy :''See Notes below for abbreviations used'' ''Sericinus'' Westwood, 1851 (''Transactions of the Entomological Society of London''. NS I: 173), monobasic ''telamon'' Donovan (''Sericinus'' Wood, 1877: ''Suicinus'' Draesecke, 1923) ''montela'' Gray, 1853. Image:Stelammale.jpg, Male museum specimen from China * Subspecies ''manchurica'' ( Bang-Haas (''i.l.'') van Rosen, 1929 (North China: South Manchuria) **Form ''roseni'' Bryk, 1932 ''gen. vern.'' **Form ''manschuricus'' van Rosen ''gen. aest.'' **Form ''cellopura'' **Form ''posterior exsubcostalis'' (!) Eisner, 1974 **Form ''binaria'' Bryk **Form ''minusculus'' Eisner, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archon (lepidoptera)
''Archon'' is a genus of Palaearctic swallowtail butterflies in the subfamily Parnassiinae. Traditionally, only two species have been known: '' Archon apollinus'' and '' Archon apollinaris''. Recent studies, however, have given specific status to a third taxon, '' Archon bostanchii''. Taxonomy The genus consists of the following species: Food plants Species from this genus feed on '''' species.Notes References * Carbonell, F., 1991. Contribution à la connaissance du genre '' |
Allancastria
''Allancastria'' is a genus of Palaearctic swallowtail butterflies in the subfamily Parnassiinae. Five species are known. The genus has a complex history. Taxonomy The genus consists of the following species: * ''Allancastria caucasica'' - (Lederer, 1864) * '' Allancastria cerisyi'' - ( Godart, 1824) eastern festoon * ''Allancastria cretica'' - (Rebel, 1904) * ''Allancastria deyrollei'' - (Oberthür, 1869) * ''Allancastria louristana'' - (Le Cerf, 1908)Le Cerf, F. (1908) Description d'une variété nouvelle de Thais Cerisyi God. (Lép.). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 1908 (2): 21-22. Food plant Species in this genus feed on ''Aristolochia ''Aristolochia'' () is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae. Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse clima ...'' species. References External links *TOL [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doritites Bosniackii
''Doritites bosniackii'' is a fossil swallowtail butterfly in the subfamily Parnassiinae. It was described by Rebel in 1898. The genus and its sole species was described from the Miocene of Tuscany, Italy. References *Hancock, D.L., 1983. Classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera): a phylogenetic approach. ''Smithersia'' 2: 1-48. *Nazari, V., Zakharov, E.V., Sperling, F.A.H., 2007. Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and taxonomic ranking of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) based on morphology and seven genes.'' Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 42: 131–156. *Rebel, H., 1898. Doritites bosniaskii. ''Sitzungsberichte der akademie der wissenschaften. Mathematischen-naturwissenschaftliche classe''. Abteilung 1: Mineralogie, biologie, erdkunde.Wien. 107: 734–741, 745. External linksTOLPicture † Fossil Lepidoptera Miocene insects Fossils of Italy Taxa named by Hans Rebel † A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zerynthiini
The Zerynthiini are a tribe of swallowtail butterflies. Genera The tribe is thought to consist of four genera: * '' Allancastria'' * ''Bhutanitis'' * '' Sericinus'' * ''Zerynthia ''Zerynthia'' is a genus of swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae. The genus has a complex history; a multiplicity of names have been applied to its species. Species ''Zerynthia'' consists of the following species: T ...'' References * Nazari et al. (2007) Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and taxonomic ranking of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) based on morphology and seven genes. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution''. 42(1):131–156PDF External links * Papilionidae Taxa named by Augustus Radcliffe Grote Butterfly tribes {{Papilionidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luehdorfia Japonica
The Japanese luehdorfia (''Luehdorfia japonica'') is a species of butterfly in the subfamily Parnassiinae of Papilionidae. It is found only in Japan. It was discovered by Yasushi Nawa in Japan's Gifu Prefecture in 1883.''Gifu City Walking Map''. Gifu Lively City Public Corporation, 2007. It is also known as the ''Luehdorfia japonica'' is univoltine with adult emergence in early spring. The larval host plants are wild gingers species of the genus ''Asarum''. Female butterflies lay eggs in clusters on the fresh growth of the host plant, and the hatched larvae feed on the leaf in groups during the early instar stages.Matsumoto, K, Population change and immature mortality process of Luehdorfia japonica (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) feeding on an unusual host plant, Asarum caulescens Maxim. (Aristolochiaceae). Entomological Science (2003) 6,143–149 Japanese entomologists have intensively studied the phylogeography, population dynamics and other aspects of the biology of ''Luehdor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apollo (butterfly)
The Apollo or mountain Apollo (''Parnassius apollo''), is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Etymology The species is named in the classical tradition for the deity Apollo. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''Parnassius apollo apollo'' L. * ''Parnassius apollo alpherakyi'' Krulikowsky, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus'' Stichel, 1899 * ''Parnassius apollo democratus'' Kulikowsky, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo filabricus'' Sagarra, 1933 * ''Parnassius apollo gadorensis'' Rougeot & Capdeville, 1969 (Sierra de Gádor). Extinct. * ''Parnassius apollo geminus'' Schawerda, 1907 * ''Parnassius apollo graecus'' Ziegler, 1901 * ''Parnassius apollo hesebolus'' Nordmann, 1851 * ''Parnassius apollo hispanicus'' Oberthür, 1909 Central (Spain) * ''Parnassius apollo limicola'' Stichel, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo merzbacheri'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo nevadensis'' Oberthür, 1891 (Sierra Nevada) * ''Parnassius apollo provincialis'' Kheil, 1905 * ''Parnassius apollo p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zerynthia Polyxena
''Zerynthia polyxena'', the southern festoon, is a butterfly belonging to the butterfly family Papilionidae. Subspecies and forms Under the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Article 1.3.4, names used only below the rank of subspecies do not enter into consideration in zoological nomenclature; infrasubspecific names do not have formally recognized authorship, and do not compete for priority or homonymy with names used for species or subspecies. Accordingly, all of the names used for "forms" of ''Z. polyxena'' listed below must be disregarded as having no nomenclatural standing whatsoever, even though many are presented with authors and dates. Subspecies and forms include: * ''Zerynthia polyxena polyxena'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) in Italy ** ''Zerynthia polyxena polyxena'' f. ''punctata'' Schultz, 1908 ** ''Zerynthia polyxena polyxena'' f. ''marpha'' Schultz, 1908 ** ''Zerynthia polyxena polyxena'' f. ''rubra'' Hoffmann], 1916 ** ''Zerynthi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thaites
''Thaites ruminiana'', is the only species of the extinct genus, ''Thaites''. It was described by Samuel Hubbard Scudder in 1875, after discovery in Aix-en-Provence, Southern France. It is a fossil swallowtail butterfly. References *Hancock, D.L., 1983. Classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera): a phylogenetic approach.'' Smithersia'' 2: 1-48. *Scudder, S.H., 1875. Fossil butterflies. ''Memoirs of the American Association for the Advancement of Science'' I: I-XI, 1-99. Salem, Massachusetts. External linksTOL † A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species). It is one of the modern descendan ... Fossil Lepidoptera Fossils of France {{paleo-Lepidoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
