The Parnassiinae or snow Apollos are a subfamily of the swallowtail butterfly family,
Papilionidae
Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful Butterfly, butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includ ...
.
The subfamily includes about 50 medium-sized, white or yellow species. The snow Apollos are high-altitude butterflies and are distributed across
Asia
Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
,
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...
and
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...
.
[Ackery PR (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). ''Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist.'' (Ent.) 31, ]
pdf
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Tribes
This subfamily consists of the following tribes:
* Luehdorfiini
* Parnassiini
* Zerynthiini
Gallery
File:Hypermnestrahelios (2) cropped.jpg,
File:Parnassius phoebus MHNT CUT 2013 3 6 Arvieux female dos.jpg,
File:Parnassius mnemosyne2.JPG,
File:Archon_apollinus_bellargus_1.jpg,
File:Luehdorfia japonica on ground.JPG,
File:DianeJLH.jpg,
File:Allancastria_cerisyi.jpg,
File:BhutliddCRW_4351.jpg,
References
Further reading
* Glassberg, Jeffrey ''Butterflies through Binoculars, The West'' (2001)
* Guppy, Crispin S. and Shepard, Jon H. ''Butterflies of British Columbia'' (2001)
* James, David G. and Nunnallee, David ''Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies'' (2011)
* Pelham, Jonathan ''Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada'' (2008)
* Pyle, Robert Michael ''The Butterflies of Cascadia'' (2002)
External links
Tree of Life Parnassiinae
Fauna Europaea
Butterflies and Moths of North America
Butterflies of America
{{Taxonbar, from=Q773859
Papilionidae
Butterfly subfamilies