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Paraburnetia
''Paraburnetia'' is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids from the Late Permian of South Africa. It is known for its species ''P. sneeubergensis'' and belongs to the family Burnetiidae. ''Paraburnetia'' lived just before the Permian–Triassic mass extinction event. The etymology of ''Paraburnetia sneeubergensis'' comes from ''para'', meaning beside or near; ''Burnetia'' indicating the first named member of the clade; and ''sneeubergensis'' for the location the Sneeuberge mountains above where the specimen was found. ''P. sneeubergensis'' is known by its knobby skull, which is a shared synapomorphy with ''B. mirabilis'' and ''P. viatkensis'' They are synapsids, from which, their clade of therapsids is derived from.Rubidge, B., & Sidor, C. (2001). Evolutionary patterns among Permo-Triassic therapsids. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 32, 449. Descending from one of the first therapsids, biarmosuchus, ''Paraburnetia'' evolved prominent canine teeth, a long zygomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraburnetia DB
''Paraburnetia'' is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids from the Late Permian of South Africa. It is known for its species ''P. sneeubergensis'' and belongs to the family Burnetiidae. ''Paraburnetia'' lived just before the Permian–Triassic mass extinction event. The etymology of ''Paraburnetia sneeubergensis'' comes from ''para'', meaning beside or near; '' Burnetia'' indicating the first named member of the clade; and ''sneeubergensis'' for the location the Sneeuberge mountains above where the specimen was found. ''P. sneeubergensis'' is known by its knobby skull, which is a shared synapomorphy with ''B. mirabilis'' and ''P. viatkensis'' They are synapsids, from which, their clade of therapsids is derived from.Rubidge, B., & Sidor, C. (2001). Evolutionary patterns among Permo-Triassic therapsids. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 32, 449. Descending from one of the first therapsids, biarmosuchus, ''Paraburnetia'' evolved prominent canine teeth, a long zygo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biarmosuchian
Biarmosuchians are an extinct clade of non-mammalian synapsids from the Permian. They are the most basal group of the therapsids. All of them were moderately-sized, lightly-built carnivores, intermediate in form between basal sphenacodont "pelycosaurs" and more advanced therapsids. Biarmosuchians were rare components of Permian ecosystems, and the majority of species belong to the clade Burnetiamorpha, which are characterized by elaborate cranial ornamentation. Characteristics The biarmosuchian skull is very similar to the sphenacodontid skull, differing only in the larger temporal fenestra (although these are still small relative to later therapsids), slightly backward-sloping occiput (the reverse of the pelycosaur condition), reduced number of teeth, and single large canine teeth in both upper and lower jaws, and other features (Carroll 1988 pp. 370, Benton 2000 p. 114). In later specialised Biarmosuchia, these resemble the enlarged canines of the Gorgonopsia. The pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2006 In Paleontology
Plants Ferns and fern allies Angiosperms Arthropods Insects Tetrapodomorphs Amphibians Newly named temnospondylians Newly named amphibians Ichthyosaurs Lepidosauromorphs Newly named basal lepidosauromorphs Newly named plesiosaurs Newly named squamates Turtles Archosauromorphs Newly named crurotarsans Newly named dinosaurs * Vickaryous, M K., 2006, New information on the cranial anatomy of Edmontonia rugosidens Gilmore, a Late Cretaceous nodosaurid dinosaur from Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta: JVP, v. 26, n. 4: 1011–1013. Data are courtesy of George Olshevky's dinosaur genera list. Newly named birds Newly named pterosaurs Synapsids Non-mammalian Mammals Trace fossils * The trace fossil genera ''Nihilichnus'' (''Nihilichnus nihilicus'' and ''Nihilichnus mortalis''), ''Machichnus'' (''Machichnus regularis,'' ''Machichnus multilineatus'', and ''Machichnus bohemicus'') and ''Brutalichnus'' (''Brutalichnus'' ''brutalis'') are described fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnetiid
Burnetiidae is an extinct family of biarmosuchian therapsids that lived in the Permian period whose fossils are found in South Africa and Russia. It contains ''Bullacephalus'', ''Burnetia'', ''Mobaceras'', ''Niuksenitia'', ''Paraburnetia'' and ''Proburnetia ''Proburnetia'' is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids in the family Burnetiidae, from the Late Permian of Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asi ...''. References Burnetiamorphs Guadalupian first appearances Lopingian extinctions Prehistoric therapsid families Taxa named by Robert Broom {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnetiidae
Burnetiidae is an extinct family of biarmosuchian therapsids that lived in the Permian period whose fossils are found in South Africa and Russia. It contains ''Bullacephalus'', ''Burnetia'', ''Mobaceras'', ''Niuksenitia ''Niuksenitia'' is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids from the Late Permian of Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Nor ...'', '' Paraburnetia'' and '' Proburnetia''. References Burnetiamorphs Guadalupian first appearances Lopingian extinctions Prehistoric therapsid families Taxa named by Robert Broom {{paleo-therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biarmosuchian
Biarmosuchians are an extinct clade of non-mammalian synapsids from the Permian. They are the most basal group of the therapsids. All of them were moderately-sized, lightly-built carnivores, intermediate in form between basal sphenacodont "pelycosaurs" and more advanced therapsids. Biarmosuchians were rare components of Permian ecosystems, and the majority of species belong to the clade Burnetiamorpha, which are characterized by elaborate cranial ornamentation. Characteristics The biarmosuchian skull is very similar to the sphenacodontid skull, differing only in the larger temporal fenestra (although these are still small relative to later therapsids), slightly backward-sloping occiput (the reverse of the pelycosaur condition), reduced number of teeth, and single large canine teeth in both upper and lower jaws, and other features (Carroll 1988 pp. 370, Benton 2000 p. 114). In later specialised Biarmosuchia, these resemble the enlarged canines of the Gorgonopsia. The pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnetiamorpha
Burnetiamorpha is a clade of biarmosuchian therapsids. Burnetiamorphs are the most derived biarmosuchians. The name Burnetiamorpha has been in use since South African paleontologist Robert Broom erected the group in 1923, but it has recently been put to use in phylogenetic classification as a clade including Burnetiidae and its closest relatives, including ''Lemurosaurus'', ''Lophorhinus'', and '' Lobalopex''. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to d ... modified from Sidor and Smith (2007) showing the phylogenetic position of Burnetiamorpha among biarmosuchians: References Guadalupian first appearances Lopingian extinctions Fossil taxa described in 1923 Taxa named by Robert Broom {{paleo-Therapsid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biarmosuchus
''Biarmosuchus'' is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids that lived around 267 mya during the Middle Permian period. ''Biarmosuchus'' was discovered in the Perm region of Russia. The first specimen was found in channel sandstone that was deposited by flood waters originating from the young Ural Mountains. Description ''Biarmosuchus'' was a medium-sized predator, similar in size to a large dog, grew up to 1.5–2 m in length with a skull length 15 cm (immature) to 21 cm. It was a lightly built, probably agile animal that would have fed on smaller tetrapods. Their legs are quite long, and the animals were probably quite agile in spite of their size. A large opening for the eye and a small temple opening common in primitive stem-mammals, this lends to a weak bite but how it ate is pure speculation. The teeth contained eight small incisors on the palate, followed by a canine tooth and a further five canine teeth. So together the species contained fourteen upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuchiapingian
In the geologic timescale, the Wuchiapingian or Wujiapingian (from in the Liangshan area of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) is an age or stage of the Permian. It is also the lower or earlier of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Wuchiapingian spans the time between and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Capitanian and followed by the Changhsingian. Regional stages with which the Wuchiapingian is coeval or overlaps include the Djulfian or Dzhulfian, Longtanian, Rustlerian, Saladoan, and Castilian. Stratigraphic definitions The Wuchiapingian was first used in 1962, when the Lopingian Series of southwestern China was divided in the Changhsingian and Wuchiapingian Formations. In 1973 the Wuchiapingian was first used as a chronostratigraphic unit (i.e. a stage, as opposed to a formation, which is a lithostratigraphic unit). The base of the Wuchiapingian Stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where the conodont species '' Clarkin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anomodonts
Anomodontia is an extinct group of non-mammalian therapsids from the Permian and Triassic periods. By far the most speciose group are the dicynodonts, a clade of beaked, tusked herbivores.Chinsamy-Turan, A. (2011) ''Forerunners of Mammals: Radiation - Histology - Biology''p.39.Indiana University Press, . Retrieved May 2012 Anomodonts were very diverse during the Middle Permian, including primitive forms like ''Anomocephalus'' and ''Patranomodon'' and groups like Venyukovioidea and Dromasauria. Dicynodonts became the most successful and abundant of all herbivores in the Late Permian, filling ecological niches ranging from large browsers down to small burrowers. Few dicynodont families survived the Permian–Triassic extinction event, but one lineage (Kannemeyeriiformes) evolved into large, stocky forms that became dominant terrestrial herbivores right until the Late Triassic, when changing conditions caused them to decline, finally going extinct during the Triassic-Jurassic ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hill At Karoo National Park
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit. Terminology The distinction between a hill and a mountain is unclear and largely subjective, but a hill is universally considered to be not as tall, or as steep as a mountain. Geographers historically regarded mountains as hills greater than above sea level, which formed the basis of the plot of the 1995 film ''The Englishman who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain''. In contrast, hillwalkers have tended to regard mountains as peaks above sea level. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' also suggests a limit of and Whittow states "Some authorities regard eminences above as mountains, those below being referred to as hills." Today, a mountain is usually defined in the UK and Ireland as any summit at least high, while the official UK government's definition of a mountain is a summit of or higher. Some definitions include a topographical prominence requirement, typically or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
