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Opomyzoidea Genera
The Opomyzoidea are a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of fly, flies. Biology Opomyzoids show a range of lifestyles including mining plant leaves (many Agromyzidae), feeding in grass stems (Anthomyzidae and Opomyzidae), forming plant Gall, galls (''Fergusonina''), feeding on fungi (some Anthomyzidae and Asteiidae), feeding on sap flows of trees (some Aulacigastridae, Odiniidae and Periscelididae), living in galleries of wood-boring insects (Odiniidae) or in water-filled cavities of plants (Phytotelma, phytotelmata; Aulacigastridae, Neurochaetidae and Periscelididae). However, the biology of most opomyzoid families is poorly known. Phylogeny The phylogeny of Opomyzoidea is controversial, with different authors assigning different families and different relationships among families. One study using molecular analysis concluded that the superfamily is not Monophyly, monophyletic. References External links Tree of Life page on Opomyzoidea Opomyzoidea, Diptera superfamili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opomyza Florum
''Opomyza'' is a genus of acalyptrate flies. Species *'' Opomyza aisae'' Carles-Tolrá, 1993 *'' Opomyza athamus'' ( Séguy, 1928) *'' Opomyza decora'' Oldenberg, 1910 *'' Opomyza florum'' ( Fabricius, 1794) *'' Opomyza germinationis'' (Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ..., 1758) *'' Opomyza limbatus'' (Williston, 1886) *'' Opomyza lineatopunctata'' von Roser, 1840 *'' Opomyza nigriventris'' Loew, 1865 *'' Opomyza petrei'' Mesnil, 1934 *'' Opomyza punctata'' Haliday, 1833 *'' Opomyza punctella'' Fallén, 1820 *'' Opomyza thalhammeri'' Strobl, 1900 *'' Opomyza townsendi'' (Williston, 1898) References * Drake, C.M. 1993. A review of the British Opomyzidae. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 6: 159–176. External links Biolib Opom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opomyzidae
Opomyzidae is a family of Acalyptratae, acalyptrate Fly, Diptera. They are generally small, slender, yellow, brown or black coloured flies. The larval food plants are grasses, including cereal crops, the adults are mainly found in open habitats. Some species being Agriculture, agricultural Pest (organism), pests. Description For terms see Morphology of Diptera. Small slender yellow, brown, reddish or black flies. The narrow wings are usually with light or dark-colored spots (darkly marked crossveins apical spot). Head with one pair of backwardly directed orbital (frontal bristles) bristles. Scattered interfrontal setulae are present Ocellar bristles are present. Postvertical bristles are absent (rarely present). Vibrissae absent but Geomyza with a strong bristle near the vibrissal angle. Ocelli are present and the arista is pubescent or with long hairs. Tibae without preapical dorsal bristles. R1 is short, the subcosta ends near the break of the costa (usually incomplete but ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population), i.e. excludes non-descendants of that common ancestor # the grouping contains all the descendants of that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic'' grouping meets 1. but not 2., thus consisting of the descendants of a common ancestor, excepting one or more monophyletic subgroups. A ''polyphyletic'' grouping meets neither criterion, and instead serves to characterize convergent relationships of biological features rather than genetic relationships – for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, or aquatic insects. As such, these characteristic features of a polyphyletic grouping are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytotelma
Phytotelma (plural phytotelmata) is a small water-filled cavity in a terrestrial plant. The water accumulated within these plants may serve as the habitat for associated fauna and flora. A rich literature in German summarised by Thienemann (1954) developed many aspects of phytotelm biology. Reviews of the subject by Kitching (1971) and Maguire (1971) introduced the concept of phytotelmata to English-speaking readers. A multi-authored book edited by Frank and Lounibos (1983)Frank, J.H. and Lounibos, L.P. (1983) ''Phytotelmata: Terrestrial plants as hosts for aquatic insect communities'', Plexus Press. dealt in 11 chapters with classification of phytotelmata, and with phytotelmata provided by bamboo internodes, banana leaf axils, bromeliad leaf axils, '' Nepenthes'' pitchers, '' Sarracenia'' pitchers, tree holes, and '' Heliconia'' flower bracts and leaf rolls. A classification of phytotelmata by Kitching (2000) recognizes five principal types: bromeliad tanks, certain car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fergusonina
''Fergusonina'', the sole genus in the family of Fergusoninidae, are gall-forming flies. There are about 40 species in the genus, all of them producing galls on ''Eucalyptus'', ''Melaleuca'', ''Corymbia'', and ''Metrosideros'' species (all in the family Myrtaceae) in Australia and New Zealand. These flies are small and their larvae grow within galls formed on the leaf, shoot or flower buds. The galls themselves are induced by endosymbiotic nematodes in the genus '' Fergusobia'' (family Neotylenchidae) which are obligate mutualists of the flies. Females carry the nematode in their haemocoel, and transport them to host plants while laying their eggs. Most of the fly species are specific to their tree hosts but a few use more than one species of host. The taxonomic placement of Fergusoninidae is disputed. While formerly in the superfamily Opomyzoidea, a 2020 study places it within superfamily Nerioidea based on morphology, while a 2021 study using transcriptome data places it i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gall
Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology. Anatomy Shape and size Galls develop on various plant organs, providing nutrition and shelter to inducing insects. Galls display vast variation in morphology, size, and wall composition. The size of insect galls can range significantly, from approximately two inches in diameter to less than one-sixteenth of an inch. Some galls are so small that they are merely slightly thick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomic Rank
In biology, taxonomic rank (which some authors prefer to call nomenclatural rank because ranking is part of nomenclature rather than taxonomy proper, according to some definitions of these terms) is the relative or absolute level of a group of organisms (a ''taxon'') in a hierarchy that reflects evolutionary relationships. Thus, the most inclusive clades (such as Eukarya and Animalia) have the highest ranks, whereas the least inclusive ones (such as ''Homo sapiens'' or ''Bufo bufo'') have the lowest ranks. Ranks can be either relative and be denoted by an indented taxonomy in which the level of indentation reflects the rank, or absolute, in which various terms, such as species, genus, Family (biology), family, Order (biology), order, Class (biology), class, Phylum (biology), phylum, Kingdom (biology), kingdom, and Domain (biology), domain designate rank. This page emphasizes absolute ranks and the rank-based codes (the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Zoological Code, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenasteiidae
Xenasteiidae is a family of flies Flies are insects of the Order (biology), order Diptera, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwin .... The flies are smaller than 2 mm long and are identified by the wing venation. The wings have two breaks in the costal vein and M1 is reduced becoming thinner in the medial region and not reaching the wing margin. The alula is well developed with a long fringe. References {{taxonbar, from =Q4021763 Brachycera families ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teratomyzidae
Teratomyzidae are a family of small flies Flies are insects of the Order (biology), order Diptera, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwin ... found mainly in the southern continents and are absent from Europe, North America, and Africa. They are specialist feeders on fern fronds. There are about thirty five species. They appear somewhat like anthomyzids, the body is elongated and appear dusty coated. The antenna are somewhat as in Aulacigastridae and Neminidae. The wing is distinctive in its venation, the costa is weake after the humeral crossvein and broken before vein 1 with an elongate dorsal bristle before the break. Vein 1 short and joins costa within quarter length of the wing. Vein 6 terminates beyond discal crossvein. The genera in the family include: * ''Teratomyza'' * ''Camur'' * ''Stepta'' * ''Teratoptera'' * ''Lips'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Periscelididae
Periscelididae is a family (biology), family of fly, flies. Description Periscelididae are small flies, 3–4 mm long. The head is distinctly broader than high and the cheek is broad and bulging posteriorly. The postocellar bristles are present and diverging. The ocellar bristles are present, there are two orbital bristles on each side of frons, the anterior orbital bristle is directed forward and towards the median line. There is one pair of frontal bristles, curving backward. Interfrontal bristles are absent. Vibrissae (a row of vibrissa-like bristles) are well developed. On the mesonotum there are two pairs of dorsoscentral bristles. The costa is continuous (not interrupted), the subcosta is incomplete. The posterior basal wing cell and discoidal wing cell are fused and the anal vein does not reach the margin of the wings. The wing is clear or milky or with infuscated spots. Tibiae are usually banded and without dorsal preapical bristles. Genera These 12 genera belong to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odiniidae
Odiniidae is a small family of flies. There are only 58 described species but there are representatives in all the major biogeographic realms. Life histories are known for only few species of ''Odinia'', and no biological information is available for the majority of species in the family. Known odiniid larvae live in the tunnels of wood-boring larvae of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and other Diptera and function as scavengers or predators of the host larvae. One species, ''Turanodinia coccidarum'' Stackelberg, has been reared from the egg masses of ''Pseudococcus comstocki'' Kuwana, a mealybug. Family description Sewhich as well as text has excellent illustrations of ''Odinia'' vi Taxonomy * Family (biology), Subfamily Odiniinae :*'' Afrodinia'' Cogan, 1975 :*'' Neoalticomerus'' Hendel, 1903 :*'' Odinia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 :*'' Turanodinia'' Stackelberg, 1944 * Subfamily Traginopinae :*'' Coganodinia'' Gaimari & Mathis, 2008 :*'' Helgreelia'' Gaimari, 2007 :*'' Lopesi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agromyzidae
The Agromyzidae are a family of flies, commonly referred to as the leaf-miner flies for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf miners on various plants. It includes roughly 2,500 species, they are small, some with wing length of 1 mm. The maximum size is 6.5 mm. Most species are in the range of 2 to 3 mm. General description Adult agromyzids can be recognized by the distinctive sclerotization of the head. The upper part of the frons, above the ptilinal suture (known as the frontal vitta) is lightly sclerotized and lacks setae, while the lower part of the frons and the dorsal area of the head tends to be much more heavily sclerotized and setaceous. Thus, the frontal vitta often forms a distinctive patch on the head, different in colour and texture from the rest of the head. The compound eyes are usually oval and fairly small, although in some species, they are larger and more circular. The wings are usually hyaline, although those of a few t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
