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Olive Leaf Extract
Olive leaf is the leaf of the olive tree (''Olea europaea''). Although olive oil extracted from the fruit of the tree is well known for its flavor and possible health benefits, the leaf and its extracts remain under preliminary research with unknown effects on human health. Leaf characteristics The silvery green leaves are oblong, measuring long and wide. When consumed, leaves have an astringent bitter taste. Chemical compounds Olive phenolics are much more concentrated in the leaves compared with olive oil or olive fruit: 1450 mg total phenolics/100 g fresh leaf vs. 110 mg/100 g fruit and 23 mg/100 ml extra virgin olive oil. Chemical compounds in unprocessed olive leaf are oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, as well as polyphenols and flavonoids, including luteolin, rutin, caffeic acid, catechin and apigenin. Elenolic acid is a component of olive oil and olive leaf extract. It can be considered as a marker for maturation of olives. Oleuropein, together with ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apigenin
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), found in many plants, is a flavone compound that is the aglycone of several naturally occurring glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool. Apigenin is abundant in parsley, celery, celeriac, and chamomile flowers. It occurs in many fruits and vegetables, with the highest concentrations in dried and fresh parsley. Sources in nature Apigenin is found in many fruits and vegetables, but parsley, celery, celeriac, and chamomile tea are the most common sources. Apigenin is particularly abundant in the flowers of chamomile plants, constituting 68% of total flavonoids. Dried parsley can contain about 45 mg apigenin per gram. The apigenin content of fresh parsley is reportedly 215 mg per 100 grams, which is much higher than the next highest food source. Pharmacology ''In vitro'', apigenin binds competitively to the benzodiazepine site on GABAA receptors. There exist conflicting findings regard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olives
The olive, botanical name ''Olea europaea'' ("European olive"), is a species of Subtropics, subtropical evergreen tree in the Family (biology), family Oleaceae. Originating in Anatolia, Asia Minor, it is abundant throughout the Mediterranean Basin, with wild subspecies in Africa and western Asia; modern Cultivar, cultivars are traced primarily to the Near East, Aegean Sea, and Strait of Gibraltar. The olive is the type species for its genus, ''Olea'', and lends its name to the Oleaceae plant family, which includes species such as Syringa vulgaris, lilac, jasmine, forsythia, and Fraxinus, ash. The olive fruit is classed botanically as a drupe, similar to the cherry or peach. The term oil—now used to describe any Viscosity, viscous Hydrophobe, water-insoluble liquid—was virtually synonymous with olive oil, the Vegetable oil, liquid fat made from olives. The olive has deep historical, economic, and cultural significance in the Mediterranean; Georges Duhamel (author), George ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Causality
Causality is an influence by which one Event (philosophy), event, process, state, or Object (philosophy), object (''a'' ''cause'') contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an ''effect'') where the cause is at least partly responsible for the effect, and the effect is at least partly dependent on the cause. The cause of something may also be described as the reason for the event or process. In general, a process can have multiple causes,Compare: which are also said to be ''causal factors'' for it, and all lie in its past. An effect can in turn be a cause of, or causal factor for, many other effects, which all lie in its future. Some writers have held that causality is metaphysics , metaphysically prior to notions of time and space. Causality is an abstraction that indicates how the world progresses. As such it is a basic concept; it is more apt to be an explanation of other concepts of progression than something to be explained by other more fun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Food Safety Authority
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is the agency of the European Union (EU) that provides independent scientific advice and communicates on existing and emerging risks associated with the food chain. EFSA was established in February 2002 in Parma, Italy. It had a yearly budget of €118.6 million, and a total staff of 542 as of 2021. The work of EFSA covers all matters with a direct or indirect impact on food and feed safety, including animal health and welfare, plant protection and plant health and nutrition. EFSA supports the European Commission, the European Parliament and EU member states in taking effective and timely risk management decisions that ensure the protection of the health of European consumers and the safety of the food and feed chain. EFSA also communicates to the public in an open and transparent way on all matters within its remit. Structure Based on a regulation of 2002, the EFSA is composed of four bodies: * Management Board * Executive Direc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Glucose
The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood. The body tightly blood sugar regulation, regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. For a 70 kg (154 lb) human, approximately four grams of aqueous solution, dissolved glucose (also called "blood glucose") is maintained in the blood plasma at all times. Glucose that is not circulating in the blood is stored in skeletal muscle and liver cells in the form of glycogen; in fasting individuals, blood glucose is maintained at a constant level by releasing just enough glucose from these glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscle in order to maintain homeostasis. Glucose can be transported from the intestines or liver to other tissues in the body via the bloodstream. Cellular glucose uptake is primarily regulated by insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas. Once inside the cell, the glucose can now act as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gina Keatley
Gina Keatley (born March 9, 1980) is an American nutritionist, Celebrity, media personality, and television host. She is better known for her food-focused television shows and her approach to health and weight loss. Keatley was awarded the President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition Community Leadership Award in 2013. Career In June 2007 Keatley co-founded and was CEO of Nourishing USA. In 2013 she stepped down as the CEO. Delving into urban malnourishment issues and pushing for promotion of personal responsibility for health resulted in Turner Broadcasting System, Turner Broadcasting naming her a CNN Hero. She was named by L’Oreal as a Woman of Worth. "Special Inspiration Award" at the Inspiration Awards for Women and a Wiley College Women of Excellence Awardee. In 2012, Keatley launched a private nutrition counseling center, Keatley Medical Nutrition Therapy. Keatley received The President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition Community Leadership Award in 2013. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Cuisine
Chinese cuisine comprises cuisines originating from Greater China, China, as well as from Overseas Chinese, Chinese people from other parts of the world. Because of the Chinese diaspora and the historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has profoundly influenced many other cuisines in Asia and beyond, with modifications made to cater to local palates. Chinese food staples such as rice, soy sauce, noodles, tea, chili oil, and tofu, and utensils such as chopsticks and the wok, can now be found worldwide. The world's earliest eating establishments recognizable as Restaurant, restaurants in the modern sense first emerged in Song dynasty China during the 11th and 12th centuries. Street food became an integral aspect of Chinese food culture during the Tang dynasty, and the street food culture of much of Southeast Asia was established by workers imported from China during the late 19th century. The preferences for seasoning and Chinese cooking techniques, cooking techniques in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (either organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group () of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R). These compounds contain a distinctive functional group. Analogues derived from oxygen replaced by other chalcogens belong to the ester category as well. According to some authors, organyl derivatives of acidic hydrogen of other acids are esters as well (e.g. amides), but not according to the IUPAC. Glycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerol; they are important in biology, being one of the main classes of lipids and comprising the bulk of animal fats and vegetable oils. Lactones are cyclic carboxylic esters; naturally occurring lactones are mainly 5- and 6-membered ring lactones. Lactones contribute to the aroma of fruits, butter, cheese, vegetables like celery and other foods. Esters can be formed from oxoacids (e.g. esters of acetic acid, carbonic acid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrosol
Tyrosol is an organic compound with the formula . Classified as a phenylethanoid, a derivative of phenethyl alcohol, it is found in a variety of natural sources. The compound is colorless solid. The principal source in the human diet is olive oil. Research As an antioxidant, tyrosol may protect cells against injury due to oxidation ''in vitro''. Although it is not as potent as other antioxidants present in olive oil (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), its higher concentration and good bioavailability indicate that it may have an important overall effect. Tyrosol may also be cardioprotective. Tyrosol-treated animals showed significant increase in the phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, and FOXO3a. In addition, tyrosol also induced the expression of the protein SIRT1 in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat MI model. Tyrosol forms esters with a variety of organic acids. For example, oleocanthal is the elenolic acid ester of tyrosol. See also * Tyrosinol, * Hydroxytyrosol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligstroside
Ligstroside is an important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars. It has a role as a plant metabolite and an antineoplastic agent. Differs from oleuropein Oleuropein is a glycosylation, glycosylated seco-iridoid, a type of polyphenol, phenolic bitter compound found in green olive skin, flesh, seeds, and leaves. The term oleuropein is derived from the botanical name of the olive tree, ''Olea europaea ... by one hydroxyl group. References {{Reflist Phenylethanoids Phenol antioxidants Anti-inflammatory agents Glucosides Phytoestrogens Olives Olive oil Phytochemicals Methoxy compounds Pyrans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry
The ''Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1953 by the American Chemical Society. Since 2015, Thomas Hofmann (Technical University of Munich) has been the editor-in-chief. The journal covers research dealing with the chemistry and biochemistry of agriculture and food including work with chemistry and/or biochemistry as a major component combined with biological/sensory/nutritional/toxicological evaluation related to agriculture and/or food. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, CABI, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the ''Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry'' has a 2015 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
