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OYAK
Ordu Yardımlaşma Kurumu (OYAK) (English language, English: ''Military Solidarity Institution''), is a Turkish Charity (practice), charity and Turkish Armed Forces, military pension fund with around 470,000 members. The OYAK Holding Investment Subsidiary Group is one of the largest industrial groups in Turkey. The group was the former owner of ING Oyak Bank, sold to ING Bank in 2007, and the Oypa supermarket chain. In 2012, it was rated BB+/stable by Standard & Poor's. The group co-owns car manufacturer Oyak-Renault and steel producer Erdemir. OYAK Group of Companies added Sagra to its structure in April 2021. OYAK is on the global coal exit list published by Urgewald because it owns İsken Sugözü power station. OYAK is a private entity that is subject to Turkish civic and commercial law. OYAK, also offers services such as consumer loans, housing loans, pension system, stock market investment support to its members. OYAK provides members with supplementary retirement benefits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pension Fund
A pension fund, also known as a superannuation fund in some countries, is any program, fund, or scheme which provides pension, retirement income. The U.S. Government's Social Security Trust Fund, which oversees $2.57 trillion in assets, is the world's largest public pension fund. Pension funds typically have large amounts of money to invest and are the major investors in listed and private companies. They are especially important to the stock market where large institutional investors dominate. The largest 300 pension funds collectively hold about USD$6 Trillion (short scale), trillion in assets. In 2012, PricewaterhouseCoopers estimated that pension funds worldwide hold over $33.9 trillion in assets (and were expected to grow to more than $56 trillion by 2020), the largest for any category of institutional investor ahead of mutual funds, insurance companies, currency reserves, sovereign wealth funds, hedge funds, or private equity. Classifications Open vs. closed pension fund ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oypa
Oypa (Oyak Pazarlamacılık Hizmetleri A.Ş., OYPA Oyak Büyük Mağazacılık Ticaret A.Ş.) was a chain of supermarkets in Turkey. The company was owned by Koç Holding, which also owned the Migros Türk chain before selling it to Moonlight Capital. It was formerly owned by Oyak, the Armed Forces Pension Fund. History Military cooperative Oypa was founded as a military cooperative ''Ordu Pazarı'' (Military Market), on 19 March 1963 in Tandoğan Square, Ankara Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ..., by OYAK (Ordu Yardımlaşma Kurumu) to support the 1st Army Command of the Turkish Armed Forces. The chain was established to serve the needs of Turkish Armed Forces personnel and their families. Access to shopping privileges was granted through a special membership card ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erdemir
Ereğli Demir ve Çelik Fabrikaları T.A.Ş. is a Turkish steel producer. The name is a contraction of the Turkish language ''Ereğli Demir ve Çelik Fabrikaları'', which means "Ereğli Iron and Steel Factories". Erdemir occupies the 43rd place among the largest steel companies in the world and is also involved in coal in Turkey. History Erdemir, which began production in 1965, has a production capacity of 8.5 million tons/year of crude steel (2020 value). It is the largest iron and steel company in Turkey and was the only flat steel producer till January 2009. It produces plates, hot and cold-rolled sheet and tinplate. Its main plant is located on an area of approximately at Karadeniz Eregli, Zonguldak on the shore of the Black Sea. Erdemir operates a large seaport, the Port of Erdemir, to import and export materials. Erdemir has Port of Erdemir also acquired the steel plant at İskenderun, Hatay Province in southern Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces Pension Fund (OYAK) acq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oyak Bank
ING is the Turkish subsidiary of the ING Group, an international banking company. The bank was formerly known as Oyak Bank, which became part of ING Group in December 2007. It provides retail and commercial banking services to individuals and businesses in Turkey, together with related financial products such as insurance and asset management. It was a financial subsidiary of OYAK Holding (Turkish Army Members Solidarity Fund) between 1993 and 2007. History US-based First National Bank of Boston opened a branch in Istanbul, Turkey in 1984. The bank has operated independently since 1990 with three companies owning majority stakes: Alarko, Cerrahoğlu and Oyak. The bank's name changed to Turkish Boston Bank A.Ş. again in 1991 and then OYAK purchased the other shares, becoming the only shareholder of the bank. Finally, the bank was again renamed to Oyak Bank in 1996. In 2002, Sümerbank Sümerbank was a Turkish bank and Industrial sector, industrial holding company established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
İsken Sugözü Power Station
İsken Sugözü power station is a 1320 MW operational coal fired power station in Turkey. History The plant started operating in 2003. Ownership STEAG has 51% share and OYAK 49%. As of 2025 Steag is trying to sell its share. Coal supply Electricity generation Health and Environmental Impact Local pollution There is a lot of heavy industry around Iskenderun Bay, including two other coal-fired power stations, Atlas and Emba Hunutlu. Cancers increased in the decade since the plant started and respiratory diseases increased during the 2010s, but because smokestack measurements are only sent to the government not published, it is difficult to estimate how much of the air pollution illnesses and deaths are due to the power plants. However İsken Sugözü is the oldest and the only one using subcritical technology, so is likely to be more polluting per GWh electricity generated than the other two coal-fired power stations (a study for China estimated 200 to 400 early deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oyak-Renault
Oyak Renault Otomobil Fabrikaları A.Ş. or Oyak-Renault is a Turkish automotive manufacturer located in Bursa. It is co-owned by OYAK (Turkish: Ordu Yardımlaşma Kurumu, English: Army Solidarity Institution, a pension fund) and Renault. Oyak owns 49% and Renault owns 51% of the company. History Oyak-Renault was established in 1969 by Renault, Oyak and Yapi Kredi Bank, starting production two years later. The company originally manufactured various Renault models for the local and international market. Currently, some models are exported to up to 100 countries worldwide. In 2018, the company produced 336,888 automobiles and 602,421 engines. In the same year, it was announced that it exported approximately 80% of its automobile production. Operations With an annual production capacity of 286,000 up to 360,000 units, it is the largest Renault factory outside Western Europe. The official car dealer network of Renault in Turkey is another joint venture known as MAİS A.Ş. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Language
English is a West Germanic language that developed in early medieval England and has since become a English as a lingua franca, global lingua franca. The namesake of the language is the Angles (tribe), Angles, one of the Germanic peoples that Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, migrated to Britain after its End of Roman rule in Britain, Roman occupiers left. English is the list of languages by total number of speakers, most spoken language in the world, primarily due to the global influences of the former British Empire (succeeded by the Commonwealth of Nations) and the United States. English is the list of languages by number of native speakers, third-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese and Spanish language, Spanish; it is also the most widely learned second language in the world, with more second-language speakers than native speakers. English is either the official language or one of the official languages in list of countries and territories where English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ankara
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center (Etimesgut, Yenimahalle, Çankaya District, Çankaya, Keçiören, Altındağ, Pursaklar, Mamak, Ankara, Mamak, Gölbaşı, Ankara, Gölbaşı, Sincan, Ankara, Sincan) and 5,864,049 in Ankara Province (total of 25 districts). Ankara is Turkey's List of cities in Turkey, second-largest city by population after Istanbul, first by urban land area, and third by metro land area after Konya and Sivas. Ankara was historically known as Ancyra and Angora. Serving as the capital of the ancient Celts, Celtic state of Galatia (280–64 BC), and later of the Roman Empire, Roman province with the Galatia (Roman province), same name (25 BC–7th century), Ankara has various Hattians, Hattian, Hittites, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatians (people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Pension Funds
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkeit'' or public sphere. The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising. In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field. Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onwards, and suffered more recent years from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder. Etymology and definitions The name "public" originates with the Latin '' publicus'' (also '' poplicus''), from ''populus'', to the English word ' populace', and in general denotes some mass population ("the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
