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OIPFG
The Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIPFG; ), simply known as Fadaiyan-e-Khalq () was an underground Marxist–Leninist guerrilla organization in Iran. The OIPFG was one of the most important and influential armed groups during the Iranian Revolution, although this organization failed to achieve its goal and lost many of its members, it had a great impact on some radical Iranian intellectuals of its generation. After its formation, the loyalists were able to carry out several important and noisy operations and assassinations, such as the Siahkal incident, the explosion of electricity pylons, the explosion of some police stations, the assassination of Major General Farsiu, the assassination of Mohammad Sadeq Fateh Yazdi, one of the largest factories in Iran, attacking and robbing government banks, and bombing the offices of American oil companies. Origin The Fedaian began as a radical leftist guerilla group, established in 1971 as the Organization of the Ir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashraf Dehghani
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Hassan Zia-Zarifi
Hassan Zia-Zarifi (; 1939 – 1975) was an Iranian intellectual and one of the ideological founders of the communist guerrilla movement in Iran. On April 18, 1975 he was executed extrajudicially along with eight others while in prison in Tehran. The execution generated tremendous internal and foreign criticism against the increasingly oppressive government of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi and helped cement its reputation as a serious violator of human rights. By the time of his execution, the small group Zia-Zarifi had helped form along with Bijan Jazani had developed into the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas, who posed a serious challenge to the Shah's government. Personal life Hassan Zia-Zarifi was born in Lahijan, in the northern province of Gilan, on April 10, 1939, the second youngest of eight children of Hajji Issa Zia-Zarifi, a merchant, and Rokhsareh Monajjemi. His father was a religious man but Hassan was mostly influenced by his older brothers, who were ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamid Ashraf
Hamid Ashraf (; December 31, 1946 – June 29, 1976) was one of the original members and later the leader of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIPFG) that waged a guerrilla warfare against the former Pahlavi regime in Iran from February 8, 1971, till February 11, 1979, the Shah's fall. Hamid Ashraf played a key role in consolidating the OIPFG as a militant armed organisation against the Shah's regime. Personal life Hamid Ashraf was born in Tehran to an educated middle-class family. He was raised in Tehran and, for a few years, in Tabriz. He entered Tehran University, first as a physics students and then engineering. He was already involved in politics as a member of a newly formed underground leftist group called Jazani-Zarifi group in the Iranian left history. He was active in student movement as well as in sports, being the head of swimming team at the school of engineering at Tehran University. He had just been introduced to Bijan Jazani by his friend Farr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black September
Black September (), also known as the Jordanian Civil War, was an armed conflict between Jordan, led by Hussein of Jordan, King Hussein, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), led by chairman Yasser Arafat. The main phase of the fighting took place between 16 and 27 September 1970, though certain aspects of the conflict continued until 17 July 1971. After the 1967 Six-Day War, Palestinian fedayeen guerrillas relocated to Jordan and stepped up their attacks against Israel and what had become the Israeli occupation of the West Bank, Israeli-occupied West Bank. They were headquartered at the Jordanian border town of Karameh, which Israel targeted during the Battle of Karameh in 1968, leading to a surge of Arab support for the fedayeen. The PLO's strength grew, and by early 1970, leftist groups within the PLO began calling for the overthrow of Jordan's Hashemites, Hashemite monarchy, leading to violent clashes in June 1970. Hussein hesitated to oust them from the country, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farrokh Negahdar
Farrokh Negahdar (; born 1946) is an Iranian leftist political activist. Born into a civil servant family, Negahdar joined the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas in 1963, and began studying at University of Tehran in 1965. Two years later he was arrested by SAVAK for his activities with Bijan Jazani, and resleased in 1968, being rearrested and confined until 1977. He became a member of central cadre in 1978 and led the organization's majority faction. After the Iranian Revolution, he was a member of both Central Committee, central and executive committees. Before the split in the party, he was elected as secretary of the central council. On 17 June 1982, he was unanimously elected as the first-secretary of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority). References 1946 births Living people Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas members United Republicans of Iran politicians {{Iran-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
The Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (IFPG; ), also known as the Dehghani faction () after its leader Ashraf Dehghani, is an Iranian communist organization that split from the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIFPG) in 1979, dropping the word "organization" from its name. Dehghani broke away from the OIFPG when she accused it of deviating from the strategy of guerrilla warfare. From the early days of Iranian Revolution, the group claimed to be the "sole genuine communist organization" and opposed the Islamic Republic. Reportedly, as much as 30% of OIFPG members joined the group and fought in the 1979 Kurdish rebellion against government forces, backing the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan The Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI; , HDKA; ), also known as the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI), is an armed leftist separatist movement of Kurds, exiled in northern Iraq with branch offices in Europe. It is banned in Ira .... Surviving members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions. The ousting of Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, formally marked the end of List of monarchs of Persia, Iran's historical monarchy. In 1953, the CIA- and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the country's oil industry to reclaim sovereignty from British control. The coup reinstalled Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and entrenched Iran as a client state of the U.S. and UK. Over the next 26 years, Pahlavi consolidated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siahkal Incident
The Siahkal incident () or Siahkal movement () refers to a guerrilla operation against the Pahlavi government organized by Iranian People's Fadaee Guerrillas that happened near Siahkal town in Gilan on February 8, 1971. The guerrillas attacked a gendarmerie post at Siahkal, killing three policemen and freeing two previously arrested guerrillas. Thirteen men were convicted and executed for the incident, including two who were in prison at the time. The event marked the beginning of the guerrilla era in Iran for most historians — an era which ended with the Islamic Revolution The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Im .... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palestine Liberation Organization
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; ) is a Palestinian nationalism, Palestinian nationalist coalition that is internationally recognized as the official representative of the Palestinians, Palestinian people in both the occupied Palestinian territories and the Palestinian diaspora, diaspora. It is currently represented by the Palestinian Authority based in the West Bank city of Al-Bireh. Founded in 1964, it initially sought to establish an Arab world, Arab state over the entire territory of the former Mandatory Palestine, advocating the elimination of Israel. Mediated talks between the Israeli government and the PLO in 1993 (the Oslo I Accord) resulted in the PLO recognizing Legitimacy of the State of Israel, Israel's legitimacy and accepting United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, which mandated Israel's withdrawal from occupied territories, while Israel recognized the PLO as a legitimate authority representing the Palestinian people. Despite the Israel–Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatah
Fatah ( ; ), formally the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (), is a Palestinian nationalist and Arab socialist political party. It is the largest faction of the confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the second-largest party in the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). Mahmoud Abbas, the president of the Palestinian Authority, is the chairman of Fatah. Fatah was historically involved in armed struggle against the state of Israel (as well as Jordan during the Black September conflict in 1970–1971) and maintained a number of militant groups,Terrorism in Tel Aviv '''' Friday, 13 S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Mujahedin Of Iran
The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI), also known as Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK) or Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization (MKO) (), is an Iranian dissident organization. It was an armed group until 2003, afterwards transitioning into a political group. Its headquarters is currently in Albania. The group's ideology was influenced by Islam and revolutionary Marxism; and while it denied Marxist influences, its revolutionary reinterpretation of Shia Islam was shaped by the writings of Ali Shariati. After the Iranian Revolution, the MEK opposed the new theocratic Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, seeking to replace it with its own government. At one point the MEK was Iran's "largest and most active armed dissident group", and it is still sometimes presented by Western political backers as a major Iranian opposition group. The MEK is known to be deeply unpopular today within Iran, largely due to its siding with Iraq in the Iran–Iraq War and continued ties with the governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
