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O-methylnordehydrobufotenine
''O''-Methylnordehydrobufotenine, also known as ''O''-methyldehydrobufotenidine or as 6-methoxy-5-methyl-1,2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo ,3,2-''d'',''e''quinoline, is a tricyclic cyclized tryptamine and analogue of 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenine. "O-Methylnordehydrobufotenine: This is a rearrangement product of Dehydrobufotenine, which may be a natural product or it may be an artifact of analysis." It produces hallucinogen-like effects in monkeys and rodents. However, although more potent than mescaline, ''O''-methylnordehydrobufotenine was far less active than its open-chain analogue 5-MeO-DMT. The drug is not known to have been tested in humans. ''O''-Methylnordehydrobufotenine was first described in the scientific literature by 1969. See also * Substituted tryptamine § Cyclized tryptamines * Bufothionine * FHATHBIN FHATHBIN, also known as 5-hydroxy-11-aminotetrahydrobenzindole, is a serotonin receptor agonist of the partial ergoline group.\ It is a cyclized tryptamine and tricycli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Tryptamine
Substituted tryptamines, or simply tryptamines, also known as serotonin analogues (i.e., 5-hydroxytryptamine analogues), are organic compounds which may be thought of as being derived from tryptamine itself. The molecular structures of all tryptamines contain an indole ring, joined to an amino group, amino (NH2) group via an ethyl (−CH2–CH2−) side chain, sidechain. In substituted tryptamines, the indole ring, sidechain, and/or amino group are modified by substituting another group for one of the hydrogen (H) atoms. Well-known tryptamines include serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, and melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Tryptamine alkaloids are found in fungi, plants and animals; and sometimes used by humans for the neurological or psychotropic effects of the substance. Prominent examples of tryptamine alkaloids include psilocybin (from "psilocybin mushrooms") and dimethyltryptamine, DMT. In South America, dimethyltryptamine is obtained f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tricyclic Compound
Tricyclics are cyclic chemical compounds that contain three fused rings of atoms. Many compounds have a tricyclic structure, but in pharmacology, the term has traditionally been reserved to describe heterocyclic drugs. They include antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antihistamines (as antiallergens, anti-motion sickness drugs, antipruritics, and hypnotics/sedatives) of the dibenzazepine, dibenzocycloheptene, dibenzothiazepine, dibenzothiepin, phenothiazine, and thioxanthene chemical classes, and others. History * Promethazine and other first generation antihistamines with a tricyclic structure were discovered in the 1940s. * Chlorpromazine, derived from promethazine originally as a sedative, was found to have neuroleptic properties in the early 1950s, and was the first typical antipsychotic. * Imipramine, originally investigated as an antipsychotic, was discovered in the early 1950s, and was the first tricyclic antidepressant. * Carbamazepine was disc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5-Methoxytryptamines
5-Methoxytryptamine (5-MT, 5-MeO-T, or 5-OMe-T), also known as serotonin methyl ether or ''O''-methylserotonin and as mexamine, is a tryptamine derivative closely related to the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin. It has been shown to occur naturally in the body in low levels, especially in the pineal gland. It is formed via ''O''-methylation of serotonin or ''N''-deacetylation of melatonin. 5-MT is a highly potent and non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and shows serotonergic psychedelic-like effects in animals. However, it is inactive in humans, at least orally, likely due to rapid metabolism by monoamine oxidase (MAO). The levels and effects of 5-MT are dramatically potentiated by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in animals. Biosynthesis 5-MT can be formed by ''O''-methylation of serotonin mediated by hydroxyindole ''O''-methyltransferase (HIOMT) or by ''N''-deacetylation of melatonin. It is also a precursor of 5-MeO-DMT in some species. Pharmacology Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FHATHBIN
FHATHBIN, also known as 5-hydroxy-11-aminotetrahydrobenzindole, is a serotonin receptor agonist of the partial ergoline group.\ It is a cyclized tryptamine and tricyclic compound, tricyclic chemical derivative, derivative of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) as well as a simplified structural analog, analogue of LSD. The drug is known to act on the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, 5-HT1A receptor. FHATHBIN was first reported in the scientific literature by 1984. See also * Partial ergoline * RU-27849 * Bay R 1531 (LY-197206) * FAEFHI * O-Methylnordehydrobufotenine, ''O''-Methylnordehydrobufotenine References 5-Hydroxytryptamines Alpha-Alkyltryptamines Partial ergolines Phenethylamines Serotonin receptor agonists Tricyclic compounds {{Nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bufothionine
Bufothionine is a sulfur-containing compound which is present in the bufotoxins secreted by the parotoid gland of certain toads of the genera ''Bufo'' and '' Chaunus''. This specific compound can be found in the skin of certain species of toad such as the Asiatic Toad, '' Chaunus arunco'', '' Chaunus crucifer'', '' Chaunus spinulosus'', and '' Chaunus arenarum''. Research In ancient times, cinobufacini, which is extracted from the skin and the parotid venom glands of toad of the bufo genus was used to treat symptoms like swelling and pain. In the present time, cinobufacinin injections are used to achieve satisfactory effect on Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. Bufothionine is a major active component of cinobufacini. Bufothionine has been shown to suppress growth of cancerous liver cells ''in vitro'' . In vivo, bufothionine has also been showing relieved symptoms and anti inflammatory activities in tumor bearing mice. Experiments were conducted in which cultured cancer c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientific Literature
Scientific literature encompasses a vast body of academic papers that spans various disciplines within the natural and social sciences. It primarily consists of academic papers that present original empirical research and theoretical contributions. These papers serve as essential sources of knowledge and are commonly referred to simply as "the literature" within specific research fields. The process of academic publishing involves disseminating research findings to a wider audience. Researchers submit their work to reputable journals or conferences, where it undergoes rigorous evaluation by experts in the field. This evaluation, known as peer review, ensures the quality, validity, and reliability of the research before it becomes part of the scientific literature. Peer-reviewed publications contribute significantly to advancing our understanding of the world and shaping future research endeavors. Original scientific research first published in scientific journals co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, alprazolam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects. Types of potency The International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) has stated that "potency is an imprecise term that should always be further defined", and lists of types of potency as follows: Miscellaneous Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is one of the most potent psychoactive drug A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mescaline
Mescaline, also known as mescalin or mezcalin, and in chemical terms 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine, is a natural product, naturally occurring psychedelic drug, psychedelic alkaloid, protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, found in Cactus, cacti like peyote (''Lophophora williamsii'') and San Pedro cactus, San Pedro (certain species of the Echinopsis genus) and known for its Serotonin, serotonergic Hallucinogen, hallucinogenic effects. Mescaline is typically taken orally and used recreationally, spiritually, and medically, with psychedelic effects occurring at doses from 100 to 1,000 mg, including microdosing below 75 mg, and it can be consumed in pure form or via mescaline-containing cacti. Mescaline induces a psychedelic experience characterized by vivid visual patterns, altered perception of time and self, synesthesia, and spiritual effects, with an onset of 0.5–0.9 hours and a duration that increases with dose, ranging from about 6 to 14 hours. Mescaline h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hallucinogen
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelics, entheogens, or historically as psychotomimetics, are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes. Hallucinogens are often categorized as either being psychedelics, dissociatives, or deliriants, but not all hallucinogens fall into these three classes. Examples of hallucinogens include psychedelics or serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists like LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, and DMT; dissociatives or NMDA receptor antagonists like ketamine, PCP, DXM, and nitrous oxide; deliriants or antimuscarinics like scopolamine and diphenhydramine; cannabinoids or cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists like THC, nabilone, and JWH-018; κ-opioid receptor agonists like salvinorin A and pentazocine; GABAA receptor agonists like muscimol and gaboxadol; and oneirogens like ibogaine and harmaline, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Iowa
The University of Iowa (U of I, UIowa, or Iowa) is a public university, public research university in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. Founded in 1847, it is the oldest and largest university in the state. The University of Iowa is organized into 12 colleges offering more than 200 areas of study and 7 professional degrees. On an urban 1,880-acre campus on the banks of the Iowa River, the University of Iowa is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". In fiscal year 2021, research expenditures at Iowa totaled $818 million. The university was the original developer of the Master of Fine Arts degree, and it operates the Iowa Writers' Workshop, whose alumni include 17 of the university's 46 Pulitzer Prize winners. Iowa is a member of the Association of American Universities and the Universities Research Association. Among public universities in the United States, UI was the first to beco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
