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Nyingma Gyubum
''Nyingma Gyubum'' (, ''Collected Teachings of the Ancients'') is a collection of Vajrayana texts reflecting the teachings of the Nyingma ("Ancient") school of Tibetan Buddhism. The contents of this collection comprises the Inner Tantras common to the Nyingma: the '' Mahayoga'', '' Anuyoga'', and ''Atiyoga'' (Dzogchen) tantras. An important facet of Bhutanese culture, studying the ''Nyingma Gyubum'' is considered honorable. Canonization ''Nyingma Gyubum'' texts are generally excluded from the Kangyur and Tengyur sections of the Tibetan canon by the Sarma (New Translation) traditions ( Sakya, Kagyu, Gelug). It is theorized that the formation of the first edition of the ''Nyingma Gyubum'' began in the twelfth century, with certain texts drawn from the Terma literature. There are only seven extant texts of the Space Class of Dzogchen, each of which is contained in the ''Nyingma Gyubum''. Extant versions Cantwell and Mayer have, since 1996, published four monographs on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetan Script
The Tibetan script is a segmental writing system, or '' abugida'', forming a part of the Brahmic scripts, and used to write certain Tibetic languages, including Tibetan, Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Ladakhi, Jirel and Balti. Its exact origins are a subject of research but is traditionally considered to be developed by Thonmi Sambhota for King Songtsen Gampo. The printed form is called uchen script while the hand-written form used in everyday writing is called umê script. This writing system is especially used across the Himalayan Region. History Little is known about the exact origins of Tibetan script. According to Tibetan historiography, it was developed during the reign of King Songtsen Gampo by his minister Thonmi Sambhota, who was sent to India along with other scholars to study Buddhism along with Sanskrit and other brahmi languages. They developed the Tibetan script from the Gupta script while at the Pabonka Hermitage. This occurred , towards the beginning of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terma (Buddhism)
Terma (; "hidden treasure") are various forms of hidden teachings that are key to the Vajrayana of Tibetan Buddhism, and Bon spiritual traditions. In the Vajrayana Nyingma school tradition, two lineages occur: an oral ''Kama lineage'' and a revealed ''Terma lineage''. ''Terma'' teachings were originally concealed by eighth-century Vajrayana masters Padmasambhava and Yeshe Tsogyal, to be discovered by treasure revealers known as tertöns, when the time was ripe. As such, the termas represent a tradition of continuous revelation in the Vajrayana of Tibetan Buddhism. Background The terma tradition of rediscovering hidden teaching is not unique to Tibet. It has antecedents in India and cultural resonances in Hindu Vaishnavism as well. The Vaishnava saint Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is said to have rediscovered a fragment of the ''Brahma Samhita'' in a trance state of devotional ecstasy. There is another occasion involving Chaitanya, who deposited his divine love (''prema'') for the grea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vairotsana
Vairotsana () was a lotsawa or "translator" living during the reign of King Trisong Detsen, who ruled 755-97 CE. Vairotsana, one of the 25 main disciples of Padmasambhava, was recognized by the latter as a reincarnation of an Indian pandita. He was among the first seven monks ordained by Śāntarakṣita, and was sent to Dhahena in India to study with Śrī Siṅgha, who taught him in complete secrecy. Śrī Siṅgha in turn entrusted Vairotsana with the task of propagating the semde and longdé sections of Dzogchen in Tibet. He is one of the three main masters to bring the Dzogchen teachings to Tibet, the two others being Padmasambhava and Vimalamitra, and was also a significant lineage holder of trul khor. Shechen Gyaltsab mentions in his ''Pond of White Lotus Flowers'' that before meeting Śrī Siṅgha, Vairotsana had met the wisdom forms of the two vidyadharas Garab Dorje and Mañjuśrīmitra in a miraculous pagoda at Dhahena. After he had presented a huge off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kham
Kham (; ) is one of the three traditional Tibet, Tibetan regions, the others being Domey also known as Amdo in the northeast, and Ü-Tsang in central Tibet. The official name of this Tibetan region/province is Dotoe (). The original residents of Kham are called Khampas (), and were governed locally by chieftains and monasteries. Kham covers a land area distributed in multiple province-level administrative divisions in present-day China, most of it in Tibet Autonomous Region and Sichuan, with smaller portions located within Qinghai and Yunnan. Densely forested with grass plains, its convergence of six valleys and four rivers supported independent Kham polities of Tibetan warrior kingdoms together with Tibetan Buddhist monastic centers.Jann Ronis"An Overview of Kham (Eastern Tibet) Historical Polities" The University of Virginia The early trading route between Central Tibet and China traveled through Kham, and Kham is said to be the inspiration for Shangri-La in James Hilton's nove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Block Printing
Woodblock printing or block printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later on paper. Each page or image is created by carving a wooden block to leave only some areas and lines at the original level; it is these that are inked and show in the print, in a relief printing process. Carving the blocks is skilled and laborious work, but a large number of impressions can then be printed. As a method of printing on cloth, the earliest surviving examples from China date to before 220 AD. Woodblock printing existed in Tang China by the 7th century AD and remained the most common East Asian method of printing books and other texts, as well as images, until the 19th century. ''Ukiyo-e'' is the best-known type of Japanese woodblock art print. Most European uses of the technique for printing images on paper are covered by the art term woodcut, except for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyingma Gyübum
''Nyingma Gyubum'' (, ''Collected Teachings of the Ancients'') is a collection of Vajrayana texts reflecting the teachings of the Nyingma ("Ancient") school of Tibetan Buddhism. The contents of this collection comprises the Classes of Tantra in Tibetan Buddhism, Inner Tantras common to the Nyingma: the ''Mahayoga'', ''Anuyoga'', and ''Atiyoga'' (Dzogchen) tantras. An important facet of Culture of Bhutan, Bhutanese culture, studying the ''Nyingma Gyubum'' is considered honorable. Canonization ''Nyingma Gyubum'' texts are generally excluded from the Kangyur and Tengyur sections of the Tibetan Buddhist canon, Tibetan canon by the Sarma (Buddhism), Sarma (New Translation) traditions (Sakya, Kagyu, Gelug). It is theorized that the formation of the first edition of the ''Nyingma Gyubum'' began in the twelfth century, with certain texts drawn from the terma (Buddhism), Terma literature. There are only seven Extant literature, extant texts of the Longdé, Space Class of Dzogchen, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mindrolling Monastery
Mindrolling Monastery (, English: "Sublime Island of Ripening Liberation"), is one of the "Six Mother Monasteries" of the Nyingma school in Tibet. It was founded by Rigzin Terdak Lingpa in 1676. Tendrak Lingpa's lineage is known as the ''Nyo'' lineage. The name in Tibetan means "Place of Perfect Emancipation". It is located in Zhanang County, Shannan Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, known as U-Tsang. Mindrolling Monastery is approximately 43 kilometers east of the Lhasa airport, on the south side of the Tsangpo river. History Mindrolling was heavily damaged in 1718 by the Dzungar Mongols from Dzungaria. It was rebuilt during the reign of the Seventh Dalai Lama (1708–1757). Dungsay Rinchen-namgyel and Jetsunma Mingyur Paldron, the son and daughter of Terdak Lingpa, supervised its reconstruction. For nearly 300 years its monastic university trained Nyingma scholars and yogis from all over Tibet. At Mindrolling, special emphasis was placed on the learning of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsewang Lhamo
Tsewang Lhamo (, died 1812) was the Queen of the Kingdom of Derge The Kingdom of Derge (; ) was a large kingdom in Kham, whose estate was founded in the 13th century by the Gar Clan of Sonam Rinchen in present-day Pelyul County. The Gar Clan traces its lineage to minister Gar Tongtsen at Songsten Gampo's 7th c ... for eight years. During her reign, she fostered the development of printing and publishing. Her life was documented by Getse Mahapandita, who served as her chaplain. References Tibetan women People from Kham 18th-century Tibetan people 19th-century Tibetan people 1812 deaths Year of birth missing {{Women's-History-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Getse Mahapandita
Getse Mahapandita (1761–1829) (Getse Mahāpaṇḍita Gyurme Tsewang Chokdrub; Wylie: dge rtse paN chen 'gyur med mchog grub) was an important Nyingma scholar affiliated with Kathok Monastery. Biography and work Getse Mahapandita was instrumental in arranging the block printing of the ' Collection of Nyingma Tantras' (Tibetan: ''Nyingma Gyübum'') gathered by Jigme Lingpa, and for which Getse Mahapandita wrote the catalogue.Rigpa Shedra (July 22, 2008). 'Gyurme Tsewang Chokdrup'. Source(accessed: August 2, 2008) Getse Mahapandita solicited the carving of the blocks for the block printing of the ''Nyingma Gyübum'' through the patronage of the Derge Royal Family, who favoured and honoured Jigme Lingpa. Getse Mahapandita also arranged for the printing of texts by Jigme Lingpa and Longchenpa. Getse Mahapandita proof read all of these works. He was the primary chaplain of Tsewang Lhamo, the queen of Derge. "Getse's Collected Works contain many writings that have a direct connectio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigmed Lingpa
Jigme Lingpa (1730–1798) was a Tibetan ''tertön'' of the Nyingma lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. He was the promulgator of the Longchen Nyingthig, the Heart Essence teachings of Longchenpa, from whom, according to tradition, he received a vision in which the teachings were revealed. The Longchen Nyingthik eventually became the most famous and widely practiced cycle of Dzogchen teachings. Career Jigme Lingpa's childhood monastery was the Nyingma school's Palri monastery, or Pelri Tekchen Ling, in Chonggye, established by Sherab Ozer. Prefiguring Jamgon Kongtrul's creation of the ''Five Collections'', Jigme Lingpa gathered Nyingma texts that had become rare, starting with Nyingma tantras held in the manuscript collection of the Mindrolling Monastery. This collection of the Nyingma tantras led to the amassing of the ''Nyingma Gyübum'' (, "Collection of Nyingma Tantras") for which Getse Mahapandita wrote the catalogue, proofread and arranged for its printing by soliciting the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ratna Lingpa
Ratna (रत्न) (also Rathna or Rathan) is a Sanskrit term for " jewel". It is also a popular female Hindu name. Ratna may refer to: People * Ratna, Queen Mother of Nepal (born 1928), Queen Consort of Nepal from 1955 to 1972 * Ratna Fabri, museologist of India * (born 1988), Indonesian model and actress * or better known as Ratna Antika (born 1989), Indonesian dangdut singer * Ratna Pathak (born 1963), Indian actress of Bollywood films * , whose full name is Ratna Sulistyaningsih (born 1973), Indonesian actress * Ratna Sari Devi Sukarno (born 1940), one of the wives of the first President of Indonesia, Sukarno * Ratna Sarumpaet (born 1949), Indonesian human rights activist * Ratna Singh (born 1959), Indian politician from the Indian National Congress party Other uses * The 14 ratnas that emerged from the sea of milk during the Samudra manthan * The Ratna is the pinnacle of a Hindu temple * Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award * Karnataka Ratna, highest ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
