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Nowruz
Nowruz (, , () , () , () , () , Kurdish language, Kurdish: () , () , () , () , , , , () , , ) is the Iranian or Persian New Year. Historically, it has been observed by Iranian peoples, but is now celebrated by many ethnicities worldwide. It is a festival based on the March equinox, Northern Hemisphere spring equinox, which marks the first day of a new year on the Iranian calendars and the currently used Solar Hijri calendar; it usually coincides with a date between 19 March and 22 March on the Gregorian calendar. The roots of Nowruz lie in Zoroastrianism, and it has been celebrated by many peoples across West Asia, Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Black Sea Basin, the Balkans, and South Asia for over 3,000 years. In the modern era, while it is observed as a Secularism, secular holiday by most celebrants, Nowruz remains a holy day for Zoroastrians, Baháʼís, and Isma'ilism, Ismaʿili Shia Muslims. For the Northern Hemisphere, Nowruz marks the beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haft-Sin
Haft Seen or Haft sin () (lit: "Seven S's") is an arrangement of seven symbolic items whose names start with the letter "Shin (letter), س" (pronounced as "seen"), the 15th letter in the Persian alphabet; "haft" (هفت) is Persian language, Persian for "seven". It is traditionally displayed at Nowruz, the Iranian New Year, which is celebrated on the day of the March equinox, vernal equinox, marking the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. Items of Haft-seen The following are the primary items of Haft-seen, whose Persian language, Persian names begin with the letter ''S'' in the Persian alphabet. # () – wheat, barley, mung bean, or lentil sprouting, sprouts grown in a dish. #Samanu, () – cereal germ, wheat germ sweet pudding. # () – oleaster. # () – vinegar. # () – apple. # () – garlic. # () – sumac. Coins (سکه ''sekke''), hyacinth (سنبل ''sonbol''), and clock (ساعت ''saa'at'') are sometimes included too. Other symbolic items that are typic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Peoples
Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are the collective ethnolinguistic groups who are identified chiefly by their native usage of any of the Iranian languages, which are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages within the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. The Proto-Iranian language, Proto-Iranians are believed to have emerged as a separate branch of the Indo-Iranians in Central Asia around the mid-2nd millennium BC. At their peak of expansion in the mid-1st millennium BC, the territory of the Iranian peoples stretched across the entire Eurasian Steppe; from the Danube, Danubian Plains in the west to the Ordos Plateau in the east and the Iranian Plateau in the south.: "From the first millennium b.c., we have abundant historical, archaeological and linguistic sources for the location of the territory inhabited by the Iranian peoples. In this period the territory of the northern Iranians, they being equestrian nomads, extended over the whole zone of the ste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranians In The Netherlands
Iranians in the Netherlands (; ) form one of the newer and larger populations of the Iranian diaspora in Europe. Terminology Iranians in the Netherlands have commonly been referred to as Dutch Iranians () or Iranian Dutch (), in addition to Dutch Persians () or Persian Dutch (). However, one scholar who used the term "Dutch Iranians" also expressed reservations over the validity of such a "Hyphenated ethnicity, hyphenated notion of identity" in the Dutch context, in comparison to the less problematic term "Iranian Americans, Iranian American". Other collective terms used to refer to the Iranian diaspora in the Netherlands include "Iranian community" (), "Persian community" (), and simply "Persians" (). Migration history Though the Netherlands had a nominally Persian population since the early seventeenth century, this consisted mostly of Armenians in the Netherlands, Armenian merchants (the so-called ), who, by the beginning of the nineteenth century, had largely assimilated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Australians
Iranian Australians or Persian Australians are Australian citizens who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. Terminology Iranian-Australian is used interchangeably with Persian-Australian, partly due to the fact that, in the Western world, Iran was known as "Persia". On the Nowruz of 1935, Reza Shah Pahlavi asked foreign delegates to use the term Iran, the endonym of the country used since the Sasanian Empire, in formal correspondence. Since then the use of the word "Iran" has become more common in the Western countries. This also changed the usage of the terms for Iranian nationality, and the common adjective for citizens of Iran changed from "Persian" to "Iranian". In 1959, the government of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, Reza Shah Pahlavi's son, announced that both "Persia" and "Iran" could officially be used interchangeably. However the issue is still debated today. Majd, Hooman, ''The Ayatollah Begs to Differ: The Paradox of Modern Iran'', by Hooman M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tajiks In China
In China, the terms "Tajik" and "Tajik nationality" () encompass three distinct ethnic subgroups: the Sarikoli language, Sarikolis, Wakhi people, Wakhis, and Tor Tajiks. The Sarikolis and Wakhis are ethnic Pamiris who live in the Pamir Mountains of Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang. The Tor Tajiks are Tajiks, ethnic Tajiks who reside in the village of Tor, Xinjiang, Tor, also in Kashgar Prefecture. The Tajik nationality is one of List of ethnic groups in China, 56 nationalities or ethnicities officially recognized by the Chinese government. Name Despite their name, the majority of Tajiks in China are not ethnic Tajiks but ethnic Pamiris, a different Iranian peoples, Iranian ethnic group who speak the Eastern Iranian Pamiri languages. Early 20th-century CE travelers to the region referred to the group as "Mountain Tajiks", or by the Turkic exonym "Ghalcha". Sarikoli language, Sarikoli- and Wakhi language, Wakhi-speaking Tajiks were also referr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijanis In Georgia
Azerbaijanis in Georgia or Georgian Azerbaijanis (, ka, ქართველი აზერბაიჯანელები) are Georgia (Country), Georgian citizens of an ethnic Azerbaijani people, Azerbaijani background. According to the 2014 census, there are 233,024 ethnic Azerbaijanis living in Georgia. Azerbaijanis comprise 6.5% of Georgia's population and are the country's largest ethnic minority, inhabiting mostly rural areas like Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti, Shida Kartli and Mtskheta-Mtianeti. There is also a historical Azerbaijani community in the capital city of Tbilisi (previously known as Tiflis), and smaller communities in other regions. There were some tensions in the late 1980s in the Azerbaijani-populated regions of Georgia; however, they never escalated to armed clashes.Cornell, Svante E.''Autonomy and Conflict: Ethnoterritoriality and Separatism in the South Caucasus – Case in Georgia''. Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Report No. 61. p. 160. Universit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Canadians
Iranian Canadians or Persian Canadians are Canadians of Iranian origin. From the 2016 Canadian census, the main communities can be found in Southern Ontario, British Columbia, and Quebec. a total of 97,110 Iranians reside in the Greater Toronto Area, 46,255 in the Greater Vancouver Area, and 23,410 in the Greater Montreal Area, with the remainder spread out in the other major cities of Canada, based on the 2016 Canadian Census. These numbers represent the people who stated "Iranian" as their single or joint ethnic origin in the census survey. Terminology Iranian-Canadian is used interchangeably with Persian-Canadian, partly due to the fact that, in the Western world, Iran was known as "Persia". On the Nowruz of 1935, Reza Shah Pahlavi asked foreign delegates to use the term Iran, the endonym of the country used since the Sasanian Empire, in formal correspondence. Since then the use of the word "Iran" has become more common in the Western countries. This also changed the usa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajam Of Bahrain
The Ajam of Bahrain (), or Demographics of Bahrain, Bahraini Persians (), are a group of ethnic communities in Bahrain, consisting of Bahraini nationality law, Bahraini citizens of Iranian peoples, Iranian ancestry and Ethnicities in Iran, Iranian background. Most families of this group are from a Shia Islam, Shia background, although there are a number of Sunni Islam, Sunni families of Achomi people, Achomi and Baloch people, Baluchi ancestry as well. This group of people is found to be predominantly bilingual. The Ajam are found in significant numbers in Manama, Muharraq, and Shia majority areas such as Saar, Diraz, and Samaheej. Both Samaheej and Diraz have their names derived from Farsi, Persian. Terms explained The terms “Ajam”, “Persian” and “Iranian” are still debatable: * Persians, Persian: The term "Persian" refers to those whose First language, mother tongue is Persian language, Persian (Farsi) and who identify as Persian. However, Iran is a mix of ethnic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranians In France
Iranians in France include immigrants from Iran to France as well as their descendants of Iranian heritage or background. Iranians in France are referred to by hyphenated terms such as French-Iranians or French-Persians. Terminology French-Iranian is used interchangeably with French-Persian, partly due to the fact that, in the Western world, Iran was known as "Persia". On the Nowruz of 1935, Reza Shah Pahlavi asked foreign delegates to use the term Iran, the endonym of the country used since the Sasanian Empire, in formal correspondence. Since then, usage of the term "Iran" has become more common in Western countries. Therefore, the term used to refer to citizens of Iran changed from "Persian" to "Iranian". In 1959, the government of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, Reza Shah Pahlavi's son, announced that both "Persia" and "Iran" could officially be used interchangeably.Yarshater, EhsaPersia or Iran, Persian or Farsi, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII no. 1 (1989) However the issue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Armenians
Iranian Armenians (; ), also known as Persian Armenians (; ), are Iranians of Armenian ethnicity who may speak Armenian as their first language. Estimates of their number in Iran range from 70,000 to 500,000. Areas with a high concentration of them include Tabriz, Tehran, Salmas and New Julfa, Isfahan. Armenians have lived for millennia in the territory that forms modern-day Iran. Many of the oldest Armenian churches, monasteries, and chapels are in Iran. Iranian Armenia (1502–1828), which includes what is now the Armenian Republic, was part of Qajar Iran up to 1828. Iran had one of the largest populations of Armenians in the world, alongside the neighbouring Ottoman Empire until the beginning of the 20th century. Armenians were influential and active in modernizing Iran during the 19th and 20th centuries. After the Iranian Revolution, many Armenians emigrated to Armenian diasporic communities in North America and Western Europe. Today, the Armenians are Iran's largest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kashmiris
Kashmiris () also known as Koshurs are an Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley, which is today located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir. History The earliest known Neolithic sites in the Kashmir valley are from around 3000 BCE. The most important sites are at Burzahom. During the later Vedic period, the Uttarakuru, Uttara–Kurus settled in Kashmir. During the reign of Ashoka (304–232 BCE), Kashmir became part of the Maurya Empire and the city of Srinagari (Srinagar) was built. Kanishka (127–151 CE), an emperor of the Kushan dynasty, conquered Kashmir. In the eighth century, during the Karkota Empire, Kashmir grew as an imperial power. Lalitaditya Muktapida defeated Yashovarman of Kanyakubja and conquered the eastern kingdoms of Magadha, Kamarupa, Gauḍa (region), Gauda, and Kalinga (historical kingdom), Kalinga. He defeated the Arabs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commonwealth Of Independent States
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional organization, regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia. It was formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. It covers an area of and has an estimated population of 246,200,194. The CIS encourages cooperation in economic, political, and military affairs and has certain powers relating to the coordination of trade, finance, lawmaking, and security, including cross-border crime prevention. As the Soviet Union disintegrated, Byelorussian SSR, Belarus, Russian SFSR, Russia, and Ukrainian SSR, Ukraine signed the Belovezha Accords on 8 December 1991, declaring that the Union had effectively ceased to exist and proclaimed the CIS in its place. On 21 December, the Alma-Ata Protocol was signed, but Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania chose not to participate. Georgia (country), Georgia withdrew its membership in 2008 following Russo-Georgian War, a war with Russia. Ukraine f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
