Noradrenergic Cell Groups

	Noradrenergic Cell Groups Noradrenergic cell groups refers to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (noradrenalin). They are named * Noradrenergic cell group A1 * Noradrenergic cell group A2 * Noradrenergic cell group A4 * Noradrenergic cell group A5 * Noradrenergic cell group A6 * Noradrenergic cell group A7 Noradrenergic cell group A6sc Noradrenergic cell group Acg See also Adrenergic cell groups Adrenergic cell groups refers to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that stain for PNMT, the enzyme that converts norepinephrine to epinephrine (adrenaline). Thus, it is postulated that the neurotransmitter they produce may be ep ... References External links More information aBrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Norepinephrine Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as both a hormone and neurotransmitter. The name "noradrenaline" (from Latin '' ad'', "near", and ''ren'', "kidney") is more commonly used in the United Kingdom, whereas "norepinephrine" (from Ancient Greek ἐπῐ́ (''epí''), "upon", and νεφρός (''nephrós''), "kidney") is usually preferred in the United States. "Norepinephrine" is also the international nonproprietary name given to the drug. Regardless of which name is used for the substance itself, parts of the body that produce or are affected by it are referred to as noradrenergic. The general function of norepinephrine is to mobilize the brain and body for action. Norepinephrine release is lowest during sleep, rises during wakefulness, and reaches much higher levels during situations of stress or danger, in the so-called fight-or-flight response. In th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A1 Noradrenergic cell group A1 is a group of cells in the vicinity of the lateral reticular nucleus of the medullary reticular formation that label for norepinephrine in primates Primates are a diverse order of mammals. They are divided into the strepsirrhines, which include the lemurs, galagos, and lorisids, and the haplorhines, which include the tarsiers and the simians (monkeys and apes, the latter includin ... and rodents. They are found in the ventrolateral medulla in conjunction with the adrenergic cell group C1. See also * Adrenergic cell groups References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A2 Noradrenergic cell group A2 is a group of cells in the vicinity of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the medulla that label for norepinephrine Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as both a hormone and neurotransmitter. The name "noradrenaline" (from Latin '' ad ... in primates and rodents. References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A4 Noradrenergic cell group A4 is a group of cells exhibiting noradrenergic fluorescence that, in the rat, are located in the Tegmen ventriculi quarti A tegmen (plural: ''tegmina'') designates the modified leathery front wing on an insect particularly in the order (biology), orders Dermaptera (earwigs), Orthoptera (grasshoppers, cricket (insect), crickets and similar families), Mantodea (pray ... (roof of the fourth ventricle) ventral to the cerebellar nuclei, and in the macaque, are found at the edge of the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle caudally, extending to beneath the floor of the ventricle where they merge with the noradrenergic group A6, the locus ceruleus. References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A5 Noradrenergic cell group A5 is a group of cells in the vicinity of the superior olivary complex in the pontine tegmentum Pontine may refer to: * Having to do with the pons, a structure located in the brain stem (from ''pons'', "bridge") * Pontine Marshes, a region of Italy near Rome * Pontine Islands The Pontine Islands (, also ; it, Isole Ponziane ) are an a ... that label for norepinephine in primates, rodents and other mammals. The noradrenergic A5 pontine cell group receives inputs from the hypothalamus and several brainstem areas extending from the midbrain to the medulla. It has reciprocal connections with these areas. Its major output is to the spinal cord. These anatomical connections suggest a role in autonomic regulation and A5 has been implicated in control of heart rate, blood pressure and respiration. It may also be involved in modulation of pain as part of the descending mesencephalic to spinal cord system.Pertovaara, Antti. "Noradrenergic pain modulation." ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A6 Noradrenergic cell group A6 is a group of cells fluorescent for noradrenaline that are identical with the locus ceruleus The locus coeruleus () (LC), also spelled locus caeruleus or locus ceruleus, is a nucleus in the pons of the brainstem involved with physiological responses to stress and panic. It is a part of the reticular activating system. The locus coer ..., as identified by Nissl stain. References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A7 Noradrenergic cell group A7 is a group of cells fluorescent for norepinephrine that is located in the pontine reticular formation ventral to the superior cerebellar peduncle of the pons The pons (from Latin , "bridge") is part of the brainstem that in humans and other bipeds lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum. The pons is also called the pons Varolii ("bridge of ... in rodents and in primates.Felten DL; Sladek JR Jr. (1983). "Monoamine distribution in primate brain V. Monoaminergic nuclei: anatomy, pathways and local organization". Brain Research Bulletin 10(2):171-284. References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group A6sc Noradrenergic cell group A6sc is a group of cells fluorescent for norepinephrine that are scattered in the nucleus subceruleus of the macaque., References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Noradrenergic Cell Group Acg Noradrenergic cell group Acg is a group of cells fluorescent for norepinephrine that are located in the central gray of the midbrain The midbrain or mesencephalon is the forward-most portion of the brainstem and is associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal ( alertness), and temperature regulation. The name comes from the Greek ''mesos'', " ... at the level of the trochlear nucleus in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri) and to a lesser degree in the macaque. References External links BrainInfo Norepinephrine {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Adrenergic Cell Groups Adrenergic cell groups refers to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that stain for PNMT, the enzyme that converts norepinephrine to epinephrine (adrenaline). Thus, it is postulated that the neurotransmitter they produce may be epinephrine (adrenaline). Located in the medulla, they are named adrenergic cell group C1, adrenergic cell group C2, and adrenergic cell group C3. See also Noradrenergic cell groups Noradrenergic cell groups refers to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (noradrenalin). They are named Noradrenergic cell ... References External links * More information aBrainInfo Adrenaline {{neuroanatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]