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Neognathostomata
The Neognathostomata are a superorder of sea urchins. Description and characteristics They are distinguished from other sea urchins by their irregular shape and a highly modified feeding lantern. The group includes the well known sand dollars, as well as some less familiar and extinct forms. Taxonomy * familia ''Apatopygidae'' Kier, 1962 * familia '' Archiaciidae'' Cotteau & Triger, 1869 † * order ''Cassiduloida'' ** Super-familia '' Cassidulina'' (Philip, 1963b) *** familia '' Cassidulidae'' (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847) ** Super-familia '' Neolampadina'' (Philip, 1963b) *** familia '' Neolampadidae'' (Lambert, 1918a) *** familia '' Pliolampadidae'' (Kier, 1962) † * order ''Clypeasteroida'' A.Agassiz, 1872 ("sand dollars") ** sous-order '' Clypeasterina'' *** familia '' Clypeasteridae'' L. Agassiz, 1835 *** familia '' Fossulasteridae'' Philip & Foster, 1971 † *** familia '' Scutellinoididae'' Irwin, 1995 † ** familia '' Conoclypidae'' von Zittel, 1879 † ** famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassiduloida
Cassiduloida is an order of sea urchins. The group was extremely diverse with many families and species during the Mesozoic, but today, only seven extant species remain. A 2019 phylogenetic systematics study by Souto et al. presented a revised classification of the cassiduloids, and hypothesised that the order probably originated in the Early Cretaceous. Description and characteristics Cassiduloids have a rounded or slightly oval appearance, and look somewhat similar to heart urchins, although they are actually more closely related to the sand dollars. They are distinguished from other sea urchins by the presence of smaller intervening areas between the main ambulacral areas on the oral surface. They have no lantern as adults, and the petaloids are poorly developed or absent. List of families and genera * family Cassidulidae (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847) ** genus Cassidulus ''Cassidulus'' is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Cassidulidae. The species of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Urchin
Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone from the intertidal seashore down to . The spherical, hard shells (tests) of sea urchins are round and spiny, ranging in diameter from . Sea urchins move slowly, crawling with tube feet, and also propel themselves with their spines. Although algae are the primary diet, sea urchins also eat slow-moving ( sessile) animals. Predators that eat sea urchins include a wide variety of fish, starfish, crabs, marine mammals. Sea urchins are also used as food especially in Japan. Adult sea urchins have fivefold symmetry, but their pluteus larvae feature bilateral (mirror) symmetry, indicating that the sea urchin belongs to the Bilateria group of animal phyla, which also comprises the chordates and the arthropods, the annelids and the molluscs, and are found in every ocean and in every climate, from the tropics to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinocyamus Pusillus
''Echinocyamus pusillus'', commonly known as the pea urchin or green urchin, is a species of sand dollar, a sea urchin in the family Fibulariidae, native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. It buries itself in gravel or coarse sand at depths down to about . Description ''Echinocyamus pusillus'' is a small sea urchin with a flattened, oval body up to long. The anterior end is slightly pointed. The aboral (upper) surface is convex while the oral (lower) surface is flat. The ambulacral plates widen and form a petal-like pattern on the aboral surface, and it is through each of these areas that six to nine pairs of tube feet protrude. The whole test is clad in short dense spines, giving the living animal a furry appearance; spines of two types are present, relatively long, sharply-pointed ones and shorter ones with serrated tips. The mouth is in the centre of the oral surface and the anus is also on the oral surface but further back. The colour of this sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinarachniidae
Echinarachniidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Genera Genera: * '' Astrodapsis'' Conrad, 1856 * ''Echinarachnius ''Echinarachnius'' is a genus of sand dollars, belonging to the family Echinarachniidae . Kroh, A.; Mooi, R. (2020). World Echinoidea Database. Echinarachnius Gray, 1825. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marines ...'' Gray, 1825 * '' Faassia'' Shmidt, 1971 References Clypeasteroida Echinoderm families {{echinoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laganidae
Laganidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Genera Genera: * genus '' Cenofibula'' Gasser, 1994 † -- 1 current species * genus '' Hupea'' Pomel, 1883 -- 1 species * genus '' Jacksonaster'' Lambert, in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914 -- 1 species * genus '' Laganum'' Link, 1807 -- 9 species * sous-famille Neolaganinae Durham, 1954 † ** genus '' Cubanaster'' Sanchez Roig, 1952a † -- 6 species ** genus '' Durhamella'' Kier, 1968a † -- 2 species ** genus '' Neolaganum'' Durham, 1954 † -- 2 species ** genus '' Pentedium'' Kier, 1967b † -- 1 species ** genus '' Sanchezella'' Durham, 1954 † -- 1 species ** genus '' Tetradiella'' Liao & Lin, 1981 † -- 1 species ** genus '' Weisbordella'' Durham, 1954 † -- 3 species ** genus '' Wythella'' Durham, 1954 † -- 2 species * genus ''Peronella Peronella is a fairy tale or fable that is considered a traditional English tale. Peronella is a pretty country lass who exchanges places with an old wizened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fibulariidae
Fibulariidae is a family of echinoderm An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the s ...s belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Genera: * '' Cyamidia'' Lambert & Thiery, 1914 * '' Fibularia'' Lamarck, 1816 * '' Fibulariella'' Mortensen, 1948 * '' Lenicyamidia'' Brunnschweiler, 1962 * '' Tarphypygus'' * '' Thagastea'' Pomel, 1888 References Clypeasteroida Echinoderm families {{echinoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinocyamidae
Echinocyamidae is a family of sand dollars. They are found mostly off the coast of Britain and Ireland and the North Sea, with scattered populations in the tropics. Description They are Laganiformes with: *simple radial internal buttresses along interambulacral margins; *periproct close to peristome Peristome (from the Greek ''peri'', meaning 'around' or 'about', and ''stoma'', 'mouth') is an anatomical feature that surrounds an opening to an organ or structure. Some plants, fungi, and shelled gastropods have peristomes. In mosses In mosses, ... and opening bounded by first and second paired post-basicoronal interambulacral plates *interambulacral zones terminating adaptively in one or two single small plates *basicoronal circlet small and unspecialized *no food grooves References Clypeasteroida {{Echinoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutellina (echinoid)
''Scutellina'' is a genus of small limpet-like sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Phenacolepadidae. Scutellina is now a synonym of ''Plesiothyreus ''Plesiothyreus'' is a genus of very small sea snails or limpets, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Phenacolepadinae of the family (biology), family Phenacolepadidae. Species Species within the genus ''Plesiothyreus'' ...'' Cossmann, 1888 Species Species within the genus ''Scutellina'' include: * '' Scutellina gruveli'' Dautzenberg, 1929 References Phenacolepadidae {{Phenacolepadidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
