|
Nazran Okrug (Mountain ASSR)
The Nazran ''okrug'', known after March 1917 as the Ingush ''okrug'', was a district (''okrug'') of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and after 1921, the Mountain ASSR of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union. The district had a population of 59 thousand and area approximating , the smallest of all the Terek Oblast's subdivisions in both measures. The administrative centre of the district was the city of Vladikavkaz. Due to the Tsarist government's redistribution of land to Cossacks, local peasantry were forced to rent land from the Cossack landowners. As a result of the constant hostilities with the neighbouring Cossacks, the district was formed in 1905 as a separate subdivision for Ingush people. The district passed between the Mountainous Republic of the North Caucasus, the Terek Soviet Republic, and the Armed Forces of South Russia, until finally passing to the control of the Red Army. The area of the Nazran ''okrug'' presently corresp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladikavkaz
Vladikavkaz, formerly known as Ordzhonikidze () or Dzaudzhikau (), is the capital city of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus, situated on the Terek (river), Terek River. The city's population was 295,830 as of the 2021 Russian census, 2021 Census. As a result, Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus region. The city is an Industrial sector, industrial and transport, transportation centre. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemical substance, chemicals, clothing and food products. Etymology The name ''Vladikavkaz'', derived from the Russian language, literally means "ruler of the Caucasus". The Ossetian name Dzæwdžyqæw/Dzæwægighæw literally means " settlement". In 1911, wrote that the Ossetians prove that fortress was founded on the site of the Ingush village Zaur (village), Zaur by the name of Vladikavkaz in the Ossetian language: In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars to oppose the military forces of the new nation's adversaries during the Russian Civil War, especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army. In February 1946, the Red Army (which embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces alongside the Soviet Navy) was renamed the "Soviet Army". Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union it was split between the post-Soviet states, with its bulk becoming the Russian Ground Forces, commonly considered to be the successor of the Soviet Army. The Red Army provided the largest land warfare, ground force in the Allies of World War II, Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its Soviet invasion of Manchuria, invasion of Manchuria assisted the un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov
Count Illarion Ivanovich Vorontsov-Dashkov (; 27 May 1837 – 15 January 1916) was a Russian general and official. He served as served as Minister of Imperial Properties between 1881 and 1897 and as Governor-General of the Caucasus Viceroyalty between 1905 and 1915. Career Illarion Vorontsov was born on 27 May 1837 in Saint Petersburg. He belonged to the noble family Vorontsov. He took part in the conquest of Central Asia in the 1860s and was appointed Major General in 1866. He was in charge of the Life Guard Horse Regiment in 1867–1874. He was on friendly terms with the future Alexander III of Russia and, following Alexander's father's assassination, established a counter-revolutionary squad, or druzhina, called the Holy Brotherhood. Alexander III put Vorontsov-Dashkov in charge of the imperial court and made him Full General of Cavalry. He also was made responsible for imperial stud farms and vineyards. Following Nicholas II's coronation, he was dislodged from the office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiflis
Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia (country), Georgia, located on the banks of the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River. With around 1.2 million inhabitants, it contains almost one third of the country's population. Tbilisi was founded in the fifth century Anno Domini, AD by Vakhtang I of Iberia and has since served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, it was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the North Caucasus, northern and the South Caucasus, southern sides of the Caucasus. Because of its location at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, and its proximity to the lucrative Silk Road, throughout history, Tbilisi has been a point of contention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ataman
Ataman (variants: ''otaman'', ''wataman'', ''vataman''; ; ) was a title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. In the Russian Empire, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is '' hetman''. ''Otaman'' in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank. Etymology The etymologies of the words ''ataman'' and '' hetman'' are disputed. There may be several independent Germanic and Turkic origins for seemingly cognate forms of the words, all referring to the same concept. The ''hetman'' form cognates with German '' Hauptmann'' ('captain', literally 'head-man') by the way of Czech or Polish, like several other titles. The Russian term ''ataman'' is probably connected to Old East Slavic ''vatamanŭ,'' and cognates with Turkic ''odoman'' ( Ottoman Turks). The term ''ataman'' may have also had a lingual interaction with Polish ''hetman'' and German ''hauptmann''. Suggestions hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsorins
Tsorins, Tsori (), also Ghalghaï (), were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society that was located in mountainous Ingushetia in the region of river Guloykhi. The center of the society was Tsori from which it got its name. Tsorin society, like the Khamkhin society, was formed from the former "Galgai society" as a result of the transfer (appearance) of rural government to the village Tsori. Etymology According to Suleymanov, the word "Tshoroy" may originate from the word Tshar (). Tshar is mail mesh helmet that covers the face and neck of a warrior. History Tsorin society, like the Khamkhin society, was formed from the former "Galgai society" as a result of the transfer (appearance) of rural government to the village Tsori. In 1832, due to the collaboration of Ingush with Kazi-Mulla and the murder of a bailiff, Rozen led a punitive expedition on Ingush and went through Dzheyrakh and Metskhal around Khamkhi and Tsori. During the Caucasian War, Tsorins (as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khamkhins
Khamkhins (), also known as Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which was located in the upper reaches of the Assa River. The Khamkhin society, like the Tsorin society, was formed from the former "Ghalghaï society" as a result of the transfer of rural government to Khamkhi. The Khamkhin society continued to be synonymously called "Ghalghaï", after the name of the historical region "Ghalghaïche", on the territory of which the society was formed. The name "Ghalghaïche" in turn comes from the self-name of the Ingush - "Ghalghaï", which had a central and broad meaning in Ingushetia, being a common self-name for other Ingush societies, united by a common territory, common language and culture. Geography In the west Khamkhins bordered with the Fyappins, in the north with the Galashians, in the east with the Tsorins, in the south with Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fyappiy
The Feappii () were an Ingush people, Ingush subgroup (''Ingush societies, society'') that mostly inhabited the mountainous Fappi region of Ingushetia in the Caucasus. Historically, they bordered on the west with Dzherakh, on the east with Khamkhins, on the north with Nazranians, and in the south with Gudomakarians. The center of the society was the fortified village (''aul'') of Erzi (village), Erzi or Metskhal. During the 16th and 17th centuries, part of the Feappii migrated to Tusheti, Georgia (country), Georgia, due to a lack of land. The descendants of the migrants are known as Bats people. In the 17th and 18th centuries, another wave of migration occurred, to the region of Aukh (modern-day Dagestan). In 1733, due to concerns about the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turks in the region, the Feappii, together with the Dzherakh, Dzherakhs and Khamkhins, established ties with the Kingdom of Kartli. As the Russian Empire began expanding its territories in the Caucasus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzherakh
The Dzherakh, also spelled Jerakh (), historically also known as Erokhan people, were a historical Ingush people, Ingush ethno-territorial Ingush societies, society, today existing as a tribal organisation or clan (''teip''), originally formed in the Dzheyrakhin gorge, as well as in the lower reaches of the Armkhi, Armkhi River and the upper reaches of the Terek River. The Dzherakhs first appeared in Russian sources in the 16th century under the name ''Erokhan people'' (). History The Dzherakhs were first mentioned in the 16th century in Russian Empire, Russian documents as the Erokhan people. They were also noted by the Georgian prince, historian, and geographer Vakhushti Bagrationi in 1745. Their first documented contact with the Russian Empire occurred in 1833 during a punitive expedition in Mountainous Ingushetia, led by General Ivane Abkhazi, Abkhazov. The Dzherakhs were known for conducting raids during the Caucasian War, alongside the Kists (Fyappiy) and Tagaurs. Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingush Societies
Ingush societies or shahars () were ethnoterritorial associations of the Ingush people, Ingush based on the geographical association of several villages and intended for conditional administrative-territorial delimitation of the Ingush ethnic group. The formation and functioning of most of them dates back to the late Middle Ages (16th – 19th centuries). During this period, their boundaries, number and names changed. The names of societies mainly came from the names of the area of their localization, that is, they were based on the geographical principle. Despite the fact that during this period the Ingush lived in relatively closed conditions of mountain gorges, which contributed to more demarcation in terms of territoriality than rallying around a single center, they retained the self-consciousness of a single ethnic group based on a common culture and a single language. Ingush societies in the literature are sometimes called ''shahars'' () The term "shahar" meant in the ancien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians
Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavs, Slavic and Ethnic groups in Europe, European nation. Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Polish people, Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia, people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. The vast majority of Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
