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Dzherakh
The Dzherakh, also spelled Jerakh (), historically also known as Erokhan people, were a historical Ingush people, Ingush ethno-territorial Ingush societies, society, today existing as a tribal organisation or clan (''teip''), originally formed in the Dzheyrakhin gorge, as well as in the lower reaches of the Armkhi, Armkhi River and the upper reaches of the Terek River. The Dzherakhs first appeared in Russian sources in the 16th century under the name ''Erokhan people'' (). History The Dzherakhs were first mentioned in the 16th century in Russian Empire, Russian documents as the Erokhan people. They were also noted by the Georgian prince, historian, and geographer Vakhushti Bagrationi in 1745. Their first documented contact with the Russian Empire occurred in 1833 during a punitive expedition in Mountainous Ingushetia, led by General Ivane Abkhazi, Abkhazov. The Dzherakhs were known for conducting raids during the Caucasian War, alongside the Kists (Fyappiy) and Tagaurs. Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fyappiy
The Feappii () were an Ingush people, Ingush subgroup (''Ingush societies, society'') that mostly inhabited the mountainous Fappi region of Ingushetia in the Caucasus. Historically, they bordered on the west with Dzherakh, on the east with Khamkhins, on the north with Nazranians, and in the south with Gudomakarians. The center of the society was the fortified village (''aul'') of Erzi (village), Erzi or Metskhal. During the 16th and 17th centuries, part of the Feappii migrated to Tusheti, Georgia (country), Georgia, due to a lack of land. The descendants of the migrants are known as Bats people. In the 17th and 18th centuries, another wave of migration occurred, to the region of Aukh (modern-day Dagestan). In 1733, due to concerns about the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turks in the region, the Feappii, together with the Dzherakh, Dzherakhs and Khamkhins, established ties with the Kingdom of Kartli. As the Russian Empire began expanding its territories in the Caucasus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingush People
Ingush (, pronounced ), historically known as ''Durdzuks'', ''Gligvi'' and ''Kists (ethnonym), Kists'', are a Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Republic of Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District, North Ossetia–Alania, Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern-day North-Ossetia. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language. Ethnonym Ingush The ethnonym of the "Ingush" came from the name of the medieval Ghalghai village (''aul'') of Angusht, which by the end of the 17th century was a large village in the Tarskoye, Tarskoye Valley. The toponym "Angusht" itself is a composition of three words: "an" (''sky'' or ''horizon''), "gush" (''visible'') and the suffix of place "tĕ" (indication of position or location), literally translating as a "place where the horizon is seen". Ghalghai The endonym of Ingush people is ''Ghalghai'' (, ), which most often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingush Societies
Ingush societies or shahars () were ethnoterritorial associations of the Ingush people, Ingush based on the geographical association of several villages and intended for conditional administrative-territorial delimitation of the Ingush ethnic group. The formation and functioning of most of them dates back to the late Middle Ages (16th – 19th centuries). During this period, their boundaries, number and names changed. The names of societies mainly came from the names of the area of their localization, that is, they were based on the geographical principle. Despite the fact that during this period the Ingush lived in relatively closed conditions of mountain gorges, which contributed to more demarcation in terms of territoriality than rallying around a single center, they retained the self-consciousness of a single ethnic group based on a common culture and a single language. Ingush societies in the literature are sometimes called ''shahars'' () The term "shahar" meant in the ancien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakh Akhriev
Chakh Elmurzievich Akhriev ( – ) was the first Ingush ethnographer and a lawyer by education, who recorded Ingush folklore, mythology, and culture. Akhriev was born in Furtoug and became an ''amanat'' (mountain hostage) at the age of seven. He entered a military cantonist school, where Akhriev studied from 1857 to 1862. From 1862 to 1868, he studied at the , after which he returned to Furtoug, and started collecting folklore and ethnographic materials. In 1870s, he published some of those ethnographic works in ' and the newspaper '. From 1870 to 1874, Akhriev studied at the , after which he relocated to Elizavetpol Governorate, where he worked for the administrative authorities of the cities of Yevlakh and Nukha. Akhriev continued working until 1912, when he resigned due to illness. He returned to Vladikavkaz, where he died on 12 May 1914. Early life Akhriev was born on 10 May 1850, in the village of Furtoug, '' Vladikavkazsky okrug'' of the Terek Oblast. His father wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzheyrakh
Dzheyrakh ( or ; ) - is a village and administrative center of Dzheyrakhsky District, in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. Etymology The name "Dzheyrakh" is associated with the Arabic name Jarrah (name), Jarrah ("inflicting wounds"). According to Suleymanov, the name of the village is associated with Arab military commander Djarakh ibn Abadallah al-Khakami, who was a vicar of the Arab caliph in Armenia and northern Iran between 724 and 730 A.D. According to the notion, Al-Jarrah ibn Abdallah led military campaign in the Northern Caucasus through the Darial Gorge. A connection with the word Ingush ''zhar'' (жӏар) — cross, is also possible. Geography Dzheyrakh is situated on the left bank of Armkhi river, south-west from the capital of Ingushetia, Magas, Ingushetia, Magas. History The history of Dzheyrakh, a village in the Republic of Ingushetia, dates back to the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, when the Ingush societies, Ingush societ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furtoug
Furtoug (, ) is a rural locality (aul) in Dzheyrakhsky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. Furtoug is one of the six rural localities comprising the Dzheyrakh rural settlement. It was the birthplace of two influential figures in Ingush history: one of the first Ingush scholars, Chakh Akhriev, and the famous revolutionary Gapur Akhriev. History Archaeological evidence suggests that the area has been inhabited since the 9th century, with various Bronze Age artefacts, such as bracelets, mirrors, earrings, rings, and ceramics, having been discovered in local necropolises. In the 18th century, Furtoug was home to several notable builders of towers, cult structures, and burial monuments, including Dugo Akhriev, Dyatsi Lyanov, and Khazbi Tsurov. The mausoleum of Dugo Akhriev still stands today. In 1880, the Russian scientist D. I. Mendeleev visited the area as part of a geological expedition. On 15 May 1981, a memorial museum was opened in the former home of Gapur Akhri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teip
A ''teip'' (also ''taip'', ''tayp'', ''teyp''; Chechen language, Chechen and Ingush language, Ingush: тайпа, romanized: ''taypa'' , ''family'', ''kin'', ''clan'', ''tribe''Нохчийн-Оьрсийн словарь (Chechen-Russian Dictionary, A.G. Matsiyev, Moscow, 1961), ''also available online:'Чеченско-Русский словарь: “схьаIенадала-такхадала”; ''and' ) is a Chechen and Ingush tribe, tribal organization or clan, self-identified through descent from a common ancestor or geographic location. It is a sub-unit of the tukkhum and Ingush societies, shahar. There are about 150 Chechen and 120 Ingush teips. Teips played an important role in the socioeconomic life of the Chechen and Ingush peoples before and during the Middle Ages, and continue to be an important cultural part to this day. Traditional rules and features Common teip rules and some features include: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pkhmat
Pkhmat (, ''Pꜧmat'') — is a rural locality (aul) in Dzheyrakhsky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. Pkhmat is one of the 6 rural localities concluding Dzheyrakh rural settlement. History Pkhamat is a former tower settlement that dates back to the medieval period. Archaeological evidence suggests that it consisted of a complex of cultural objects of Ingush architecture, including one combat tower (vaov) and five residential towers (gaala). At present, only the ruins of one tower have remained. The settlement was fortified by a defensive wall, forming a castle complex that was typical of the late Middle Ages. However, the complex was destroyed in 1944 during the period of the Ingush exile under the leadership of Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oblast
An oblast ( or ) is a type of administrative division in Bulgaria and several post-Soviet states, including Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Historically, it was used in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The term ''oblast'' is often translated into English language, English as 'region' or 'province'. In some countries, oblasts are also known by cognates of the Russian term. Etymology The term ''oblast'' is Loanword, borrowed from Russian language, Russian область (), where it is inherited from Old East Slavic, in turn borrowed from Church Slavonic область ''oblastĭ'' 'power, empire', formed from the prefix (cognate with Classical Latin ''ob'' 'towards, against' and Ancient Greek ἐπί/ἔπι ''epi'' 'in power, in charge') and the stem ''vlastǐ'' 'power, rule'. In Old East Slavic, it was used alongside ''obolostǐ''—the equivalent of 'against' and 'territory, state, power' (cognate with English 'wield'; see volost). History Russian Empire In the Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe ''оblast'' was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian languages, North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan Governorate, Astrakhan and Stavropol Governorate, Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi Governorate, Kutaisi and Tiflis Governorate, Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the ''oblast'' was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia. Administrative divisions The districts (''okrugs''), Cossack districts (''wiktionary:отдел#Russian, otdels''), and ' of the Terek ''oblast'' in 1917 were as follows: Demographics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingushskiy Okrug
Ingush ''okrug'' was a district (''okrug'') of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy ''okrug'' made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. Established in 1862 as a military district of the Terek Oblast, it existed for approximately 9 years. In 1865 the '' Karabulakskiy Uchastok'' was abolished due to the resettlement of the majority of its population (Karabulaks). In 1867, two societies, Merzhoy and Akkins, were ceded to the neighboring ''Argunskiy Okrug''. Finally, in 1871, ''Ingushskiy Okrug'' was combined with the ''Ossetinskiy okrug'' into a new district, '' Vladikavkazsky okrug''. Geography It was located in the central part of the North Caucasus in the basin of the Terek, Sunzha, Assa and Fortanga rivers, covering the territory of modern Ingushetia, parts of the Mozdok and Prigorodny regions of North Ossetia, Sernovodsky and parts of the Achkhoy-Martanovsky regions of the Chechen Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
