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NUB1
NEDD8 ultimate buster 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NUB1'' gene. Function NUB1 interacts with and negatively regulates NEDD8 (MIM 603171), a ubiquitin-like protein that covalently conjugates to cullin (see MIM 603134) family members. upplied by OMIMref name="entrez"/> Interactions NUB1 has been shown to interact with NEDD8, UBD and AIPL1 Aryl-hydrocarbon-interacting protein-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''AIPL1'' gene. The protein is a member of FKBP prolyl isomerase family. Function Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) accounts for at least 5% of all inh .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-7-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NEDD8
NEDD8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NEDD8'' gene. (in ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' this protein is known as Rub1) This ubiquitin-like protein, ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein becomes covalently conjugated to a limited number of cellular proteins, in a process called NEDDylation similar to ubiquitination. Human NEDD8 shares 60% amino acid sequence identity to ubiquitin. The primary known substrates of NEDD8 modification are the cullin subunits of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are active only when NEDDylated. Their NEDDylation is critical for the recruitment of E2 to the ligase complex, thus facilitating ubiquitin conjugation. NEDD8 modification has therefore been implicated in cell cycle progression and cytoskeletal regulation. Activation and conjugation As with ubiquitin and SUMO, NEDD8 is conjugated to cellular proteins after its C-terminal tail is processed. The NEDD8 activating E1 enzyme is a heterodimer composed of APPBP1 and UBA3 subunits. The APPBP1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubiquitin D
Ubiquitin D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''UBD'' gene, also known as FAT10. UBD acts like ubiquitin, by covalently modifying proteins and tagging them for destruction in the proteasome. Ubiquitin Ubiquitin is a protein composed of 76 amino acids. In order for ubiquitin to bind to other proteins, it must go through an activation process by E1, an ATP-dependent ubiquitin activating enzyme. The carboxyl terminal (C-terminus) of ubiquitin is linked to the cysteine residue of the E1 protein by a high energy thioester linkage and activated. This reaction requires ATP and proceeds through a covalent AMP-ubiquitin intermediate. Importance of Ubiquitin Proteolysis in cells is an essential process to prevent the production of unwanted or abnormal proteins. During protein degradation, the process in which proteolytic enzymes act in an ATP-dependent manner mainly occurs in the degradation of substrate proteins with short half-lives. In particular, in eukaryotic cells, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, Cell signaling, responding to stimuli, providing Cytoskeleton, structure to cells and Fibrous protein, organisms, and Intracellular transport, transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the Nucleic acid sequence, nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific Protein structure, 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called pep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and non-coding genes. During gene expression (the synthesis of Gene product, RNA or protein from a gene), DNA is first transcription (biology), copied into RNA. RNA can be non-coding RNA, directly functional or be the intermediate protein biosynthesis, template for the synthesis of a protein. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring, is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits from one generation to the next. These genes make up different DNA sequences, together called a genotype, that is specific to every given individual, within the gene pool of the population (biology), population of a given species. The genotype, along with environmental and developmental factors, ultimately determines the phenotype ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubiquitin-like Protein
Ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are a family of small proteins involved in post-translational modification of other proteins in a cell (biology), cell, usually with a regulatory protein, regulatory function. The UBL protein family derives its name from the first member of the class to be discovered, ubiquitin (Ub), best known for its role in regulating protein degradation through covalent modification of other proteins. Following the discovery of ubiquitin, many additional evolutionarily related members of the group were described, involving parallel regulatory processes and similar chemistry. UBLs are involved in a widely varying array of cellular functions including autophagy, protein trafficking, inflammation and immune responses, transcription (biology), transcription, DNA repair, RNA splicing, and cellular differentiation. Discovery Ubiquitin itself was first discovered in the 1970s and originally named "ubiquitous immunopoietic polypeptide". Subsequently, other proteins with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
