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NE-Z80
The NE-Z80 was a homebuilt computer kit presented by ''Nova Eletrônica'' magazine on the October 1981 issue, a publication that was part of the Brazilian Prológica group. It was the first Sinclair ZX80 clone available in Brazil. With an introduction price of Cr$59,900, it was the cheapest microcomputer on sale in the country at the time. Specifications Specifications were similar to the original machine: * CPU: Z80A @ 3.25 MHz * Memory: ROM: 4 KiB; RAM: 1 KiB (extendable to 16 KiB) * Keyboard: 40 keys membrane keyboard * Display: 32 × 22 text; 64 × 44 semigraphics * Expansion: 1 slot * Outputs: 1 TV out (RF modulator, channel 2); cassette tape recorder audio in/out * Storage: Cassette tape (300 baud In telecommunication and electronics, baud (; symbol: Bd) is a common unit of measurement of symbol rate, which is one of the components that determine the speed of communication over a data channel. It is the unit for symbol rate or modulatio ...) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NE-Z8000
The NE-Z8000 is a Brazilian homebuilt computer clone of the Sinclair ZX81, introduced in late 1982 by Prológica's subsidiary, the monthly magazine ''Nova Eletrônica''. General Information The NE-Z8000 computer is based around a Z80A CPU clocked at 3.6 MHz with 1KB of RAM (expandable to 16 KB). The 8KB ROM comes with a built-in Sinclair BASIC Sinclair BASIC is a dialect of the programming language BASIC used in the 8-bit home computers from Sinclair Research and Timex Sinclair. The Sinclair BASIC interpreter was made by Nine Tiles Networks Ltd. History Sinclair BASIC was orig ... interpreter. The machine has three input plugs, one socket for composite video out and a part of the exposed circuit board where you can connect extra equipment. It has no switch; to turn it on, you simply plug it into the power supply. The video connector cable, about 120 cm long, should connect the computer to the television. A power supply provides 9V DC power usable by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prológica Indústria E Comércio De Microcomputadores
Prológica Indústria e Comércio de Mircrocomputadores, commonly shortened to Prológica, was an influential Brazilian microcomputer company that reached its peak in the mid-1980s, when it ranked third among national companies in the sector. History Founded in 1976, the company initially commercialized machines for accounting use, namely the ''MCA-100'' and ''Alpha Disk''. The first models had an Intel 8080 processor, and in the early months the company even managed to get a partnership with Olivetti. The company later specialized in producing products similar to the American TRS-80 series of microcomputers, under the general name of ''"CP" (for "Computador Pessoal" in Portuguese, "Personal Computer" in English).'' One of its biggest successes in the professional field was the ''CP-500'', compatible with the TRS-80 Model III. In 1990, the company was sued by Microsoft for creating ''SO16 ("Sistema Operativo 16")'', an operating system based on MS-DOS. Line of products A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZX80
The Sinclair ZX80 is a home computer launched on 29 January 1980 by Science of Cambridge Ltd. (later to be better known as Sinclair Research). It is notable for being one of the first computers available in the United Kingdom for less than a hundred pounds. It was available in kit form for £79.95, where purchasers had to assemble and solder it together, and as a ready-built version at £99.95. The ZX80 was very popular straight away, and for some time there was a waiting list of several months for either version of the machine. Name The ZX80 was named after the Z80 processor with the 'X' meaning "the mystery ingredient". Hardware Internally, the machine was designed by Jim Westwood around a Z80 central processing unit with a clock speed of 3.25 MHz, and was equipped with 1 KB of static RAM and 4 KB of read-only memory (ROM). It had no sound output. The ZX80 was designed around readily available TTL chips; the only proprietary technology was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homebuilt Computer
A custom-built or homebuilt computer is a computer assembled from available components, usually commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, rather than purchased as a complete system from a computer system supplier, also known as pre-built systems. A custom-built or homebuilt computer is usually considered cheaper to assemble as compared to buying a pre-built computer, since it excludes the labour cost associated with building the computer. However, depending on the person’s budget, build quality, and total cost of parts used, it can still be expensive to build a custom-built computer or equivalent (see Costs of building computers). Homebuilt computers are almost always used at home, like home computers, but home computers are traditionally purchased already assembled by the manufacturer. However, some suppliers provide both home and homebuilt computers, like the Newbear 77-68, which the owner was expected to assemble and use in his or her home. History Computers have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Z80A
The Z80 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog as the startup company's first product. The Z80 was conceived by Federico Faggin in late 1974 and developed by him and his 11 employees starting in early 1975. The first working samples were delivered in March 1976, and it was officially introduced on the market in July 1976. With the revenue from the Z80, the company built its own chip factories and grew to over a thousand employees over the following two years. The Zilog Z80 is a software-compatible extension and enhancement of the Intel 8080 and, like it, was mainly aimed at embedded systems. Although used in that role, the Z80 also became one of the most widely used CPUs in desktop computers and home computers from the 1970s to the mid-1980s. It was also common in military applications, musical equipment such as synthesizers (like the Roland Jupiter-8), and coin-operated arcade games of the late 1970s and early 1980s, including ''Pac-Man''. Zilog license ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinclair BASIC
Sinclair BASIC is a dialect of the programming language BASIC used in the 8-bit home computers from Sinclair Research and Timex Sinclair. The Sinclair BASIC interpreter was made by Nine Tiles Networks Ltd. History Sinclair BASIC was originally developed in 1979 for the ZX80 by Nine Tiles. The programmers were John Grant, the owner of Nine Tiles, and Steve Vickers. It was initially an incomplete implementation of the 1978 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) minimal BASIC standard with integer arithmetic only, termed the 4K BASIC (for its ROM size) for the ZX80. It evolved through the floating-point 8K BASIC for the ZX81 and TS1000 (which was also available as an upgrade for the ZX80), and became an almost complete version in the 16 KB ROM ZX Spectrum (known as 48K BASIC). It is present in all ZX Spectrum compatibles, with more advanced systems also offering expanded versions like 128K BASIC, +3 BASIC, T/S 2000 BASIC, BASIC64 or Timex Extended Basic. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassette Tape
The Compact Cassette or Musicassette (MC), also commonly called the tape cassette, cassette tape, audio cassette, or simply tape or cassette, is an analog audio, analog magnetic tape recording format for Sound recording and reproduction, audio recording and playback. Invented by Lou Ottens and his team at the Netherlands, Dutch company Philips in 1963, Compact Cassettes come in two forms, either already containing content as a prerecorded cassette (''Musicassette''), or as a fully recordable "blank" cassette. Both forms have two sides and are reversible by the user. Although List of magnetic tape cartridges and cassettes, other tape cassette formats have also existed - for example the Microcassette - the generic term ''cassette tape'' is normally always used to refer to the Compact Cassette because of its ubiquity. Its uses have ranged from Personal stereo, portable audio to home recording to data storage for early microcomputers; the Compact Cassette technology was originally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homebuilt Computer
A custom-built or homebuilt computer is a computer assembled from available components, usually commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, rather than purchased as a complete system from a computer system supplier, also known as pre-built systems. A custom-built or homebuilt computer is usually considered cheaper to assemble as compared to buying a pre-built computer, since it excludes the labour cost associated with building the computer. However, depending on the person’s budget, build quality, and total cost of parts used, it can still be expensive to build a custom-built computer or equivalent (see Costs of building computers). Homebuilt computers are almost always used at home, like home computers, but home computers are traditionally purchased already assembled by the manufacturer. However, some suppliers provide both home and homebuilt computers, like the Newbear 77-68, which the owner was expected to assemble and use in his or her home. History Computers have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Cruzeiro (1967–1986)
The cruzeiro, initially denominated cruzeiro novo (), was the currency of Brazil between 1967 and 1986. It is the second of the 3 historical Brazilian currencies called "''cruzeiro''". It was introduced as ''cruzeiro novo'', with symbol NCr$, and remained with that denomination between 1967 and 1970 in the transition from the previous standard banknotes issued by American Bank Note Company and Thomas de la Rue to the new banknotes issued mainly by Casa da Moeda do Brasil. It was introduced due to inflation and financial instability in the country, and had a conversion rate of 1 ''cruzeiro novo'' = 1000 "old" cruzeiros. After the transition period for the Casa da Moeda do Brasil to be able to manufacture the new banknotes, the currency was renamed simply ''cruzeiro'', with symbol Cr$. The ''cruzeiro'' remained as the official currency until 1986, when the it was replaced by the '' cruzado'', at a rate of 1 ''cruzado'' = 1000 ''cruzeiros''. History Context Until the 1960s, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zilog Z80
The Z80 is an 8-bit computing, 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog as the startup company's first product. The Z80 was conceived by Federico Faggin in late 1974 and developed by him and his 11 employees starting in early 1975. The first working samples were delivered in March 1976, and it was officially introduced on the market in July 1976. With the revenue from the Z80, the company built its own Semiconductor fabrication plant, chip factories and grew to over a thousand employees over the following two years. The Zilog Z80 is a backward compatible, software-compatible extension and enhancement of the Intel 8080 and, like it, was mainly aimed at embedded systems. Although used in that role, the Z80 also became one of the most widely used central processing unit, CPUs in desktop computers and home computers from the 1970s to the mid-1980s. It was also common in military applications, musical equipment such as synthesizers (like the Roland Jupiter-8), and coin-operated a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Membrane Keyboard
A membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose "keys" are not separate, moving parts, as with the majority of other keyboards, but rather are pressure pads that have only outlines and symbols printed on a flat, flexible surface. Very little, if any, tactile feedback is felt when using such a keyboard. Membrane keyboards work by electrical contact between the keyboard surface and the underlying circuits when keytop areas are pressed. These models were used with some early 1980s home computers, enjoying wide adoption in consumer electronics devices. The keyboards are quite inexpensive to mass-produce, and are more resistant against dirt and liquids than most other keyboards. However, due to a low or non-existent tactile feedback, most people have difficulty typing with them, especially when larger numbers of characters are being typed. Chiclet keyboards were a slight improvement, at least allowing individual keys to be felt to some extent. Aside from early hobbyist/kit/home co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semigraphics
Text-based semigraphics or pseudographics is a primitive method used in early text mode video hardware to emulate raster graphics without having to implement the logic for such a display mode. There are two different ways to accomplish the emulation of raster graphics. The first one is to create a low-resolution all points addressable mode using a set of special characters with all binary combinations of a certain subdivision matrix of the text mode character size; this method is referred to as block graphics, or sometimes mosaic graphics. The second one is to use special shapes instead of glyphs (letters and figures) that appear as if drawn in raster graphics mode, sometimes referred to as semi- or pseudo-graphics; an important example of this is box-drawing characters. Semigraphical characters (including some block elements) are still incorporated into the BIOS of any VGA compatible video card, so any PC can display these characters from the moment it is turned on, even w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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