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Muzio Gambit
In chess, the Muzio Gambit, sometimes called the Polerio Gambit, is an opening line in the King's Gambit in which White sacrifices a knight for a large lead in and chances. It begins with the moves: :1. e4 e5 :2. f4 exf4 :3. Nf3 g5 :4. Bc4 g4 :5. 0-0 White offers a knight, aiming to exploit Black's weakness on the f-file to attack the black king. Other possibilities for White's 5th move are 5.Bxf7+ (Lolli Gambit), 5.Nc3 (McDonnell Gambit), 5.d4 (Ghulam Kassim Gambit), 5.h4 (Australian Gambit), and 5.Ne5 (Salvio Gambit), but 5.0-0! is generally reckoned to be White's strongest option, and in fact 4.Bc4 (rather than 4.h4) is usually played with the intention of playing a Muzio. Black can avoid the Muzio with 4...Bg7, and this has sometimes been recommended as a safe and practical choice.Shaw, pp. 197–99 The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' classifies the Muzio Gambit under code C37. History The opening was originally analysed by Giulio Cesare Polerio in the late 16t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giulio Cesare Polerio
Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1555, – c. 1610; reconstruction of places and dates by Adriano Chicco) was an Italian chess theoretician and player. Name affixes used for him are ''l'Apruzzese'', Giu[o]lio Cesare ''da Lanciano'' (Salvio/Walker), and ''Lancianese'', because he was born in Lanciano, a town in the province of Chieti of the region Abruzzo of Italy. He died in Rome. Chess playing The first published mention of Polerio is from 1634 in ''Il Puttino'' by Alessandro Salvio. It recounts an event that must have occurred around 1575. "Il Puttino, altramente detto il Cavaliere errante" is a nickname used by Alessandro Salvio for Giovanni Leonardo. According to Salvio, Polerio accompanied Giovanni Leonardo on his way to Madrid until Genoa. After returning to Rome around 1584, Polerio became a chess player and writer in ordinary of Giacomo Boncompagni, Duke of Sora and son of Pope Gregory XIII, Pope Gregory XIII (born Ugo Boncompagni). Polerio wrote a number of codexes in whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Anderssen
Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen (6 July 1818 – 13 March 1879)"Anderssen, Adolf" in ''Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 385. was a German chess master. He won the great international tournaments of London 1851 chess tournament, 1851 and London 1862 chess tournament, 1862, but lost matches to Paul Morphy in 1858, and to Wilhelm Steinitz in 1866. Accordingly, he is generally regarded as having been the world's leading chess player from 1851 to 1858, and leading active player from 1862 to 1866, although the title of World Chess Champion did not yet exist. Anderssen became the most successful tournament player in Europe, winning over half the events he entered, including the very strong Baden-Baden 1870 chess tournament. He achieved most of these successes when he was over the age of 50. Anderssen is famous today for his brilliant sacrifice (chess), sacrificial attacking play, particularly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neil McDonald (chess Player)
Neil McDonald (born 21 January 1967) is an English chess grandmaster and chess writer. Chess career As an English Chess Federation coach he has trained many of the country's strongest junior players and was Head Coach of the English Chess Federation team at the Greece World Schools Championship in 2013. He regularly escorts blind and partially sighted chess players to international World Championship events. McDonald authored the French Defence monthly updates ochesspublishing.comfrom October 1999 until March 2009, 1 e4 ... updates from November 2009 until January 2010, 1 e4 ... from June 2014 until February 2015 and returned to 1 e4 ... in March 2017 until January 2018. He became an International Master in 1986 and was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1996. McDonald obtained his FIDE The International Chess Federation or World Chess Federation, commonly referred to by its French acronym FIDE ( , ), is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Shaw (chess Player)
John K. Shaw (born 16 October 1968) is a Scottish chess player and author who holds the FIDE title of Grandmaster. He won the Scottish Championship in 1995 (tied), 1998, and 2000 (tied). Shaw is an uncommon example of great progress in an adult chess player. In 1988, at age 19, his rating was 1745, which is the strength of an above average club player. He received the title of FIDE Master (FM) in 1994, International Master (IM) in 1999, and Grandmaster (GM) in 2006. To qualify for the GM title, he gained three norms at Gibraltar 2003, Calvia Olympiad 2004 and 4NCL Season 2005/6. Shaw has competed with Scotland's chess team at ten Chess Olympiads: 1994, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014. A writer of chess books, Shaw is also the Chief Editor of the publishing house Quality Chess Quality Chess UK Ltd (known as Quality Chess) is a chess publishing company, founded in 2004 by International Master Ari Ziegler, Grandmaster Jacob Aagaard and Grandmaster J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Millican
Peter Jeremy Roach Millican (born 1 March 1958) is Gilbert Ryle Fellow and Professor of Philosophy at Hertford College, University of Oxford, in the United Kingdom. His primary interests include the philosophy of David Hume, philosophy of religion, philosophy of language, epistemology, and moral philosophy. Millican is particularly well known for his work on David Hume, and from 2005 until 2010 was co-editor of the journal '' Hume Studies''. He is also an International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster, and has a strong interest in the field of computing and its links with philosophy. Recently he has developed a new degree programme at Oxford University, in Computer Science and Philosophy, which accepted its first students in 2012. He currently hosts the University of Oxford's ''Futuremakers'' podcast, winning a CASE Gold Award in 2019. From 2014 to 2017 he maintained EarlyModernTexts.com, a site which hosts the writings of famous Early Modern writers in a somewhat modified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chesscafe
ChessCafe.com is a website that publishes endgame studies, book reviews and other articles related to chess on a weekly basis. It was founded in 1996 by Hanon Russell, and is well known as a repository of articles about chess and its history. It contains about twenty columns, each of which appears monthly. They are staggered so that about five new columns appear each Wednesday. The authors include some well-known chess players and instructors, such as Yasser Seirawan, Dan Heisman, Mark Dvoretsky, Susan Polgar, Karsten Müller, and Tim Harding. Previous notable contributors include Tony Miles, Tim Krabbe, Hans Ree, and Lev Alburt. Harding's column, "The Kibitzer", often reviews games from the 19th and early 20th centuries, and produces original analysis based on his experience playing and annotating correspondence chess. "The Kibitzer" is also the oldest running column on Chesscafe.com, having started in June 1996. ChessCafe.com was previously linked with the United S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Keene
Raymond Dennis Keene (born 29 January 1948) is an English chess grandmaster, a FIDE International Arbiter, a chess organiser, and a journalist and author. He won the British Chess Championship in 1971 and was the first player from England to earn a Grandmaster norm, in 1974. In 1976, he became the second Englishman (following Tony Miles) to be awarded the Grandmaster title, and he was the second British chess player to beat an incumbent World Chess Champion (following Jonathan Penrose's defeat of Mikhail Tal in 1961). He represented England in eight Chess Olympiads. Keene retired from competitive play in 1986 at the age of thirty-eight and is now better known as a chess organiser, columnist and author. He was involved in organising the 1986, 1993 and 2000 World Chess Championships; and the 1997, 1998 and 1999 Mind Sports Olympiads; William Hartston, "No rest from mental fight", ''The Independent'', 23 August 199retrieved 13 October 2011 all held in London. He was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Korchnoi
Viktor Lvovich Korchnoi (, ; 23 March 1931 – 6 June 2016) was a Soviet (before 1976) and Swiss (after 1980) chess grandmaster (GM) and chess writer. He is considered one of the strongest players never to have become World Chess Champion. Born in Leningrad, Korchnoi defected to the Netherlands in 1976, and resided in Switzerland from 1978, becoming a Swiss citizen. Korchnoi played four matches against GM Anatoly Karpov, three of which were official. In 1974, Korchnoi lost to Karpov in the Candidates Tournament 1974, Candidates Tournament final. After GM Bobby Fischer declined to defend his title against Karpov, Karpov was declared World Chess Championship 1975, World Champion in 1975. In World Chess Championship 1978, 1978 and World Chess Championship 1981, 1981, Korchnoi won consecutive Candidates cycles and qualified to challenge Karpov for the World Chess Championship, but lost both matches. The two players also played a drawn training match of six games in 1971. Korchnoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Keres
Paul Keres (; 7 January 1916 – 5 June 1975) was an Estonian chess grandmaster and chess writer. He was among the world's top players from the mid-1930s to the mid-1960s, and narrowly missed a chance at a World Chess Championship match on five occasions. As Estonia was repeatedly invaded and occupied during World War II, Keres was forced by the circumstances to represent the Soviet Union (1940–41, 1944–75) and Nazi Germany (1941–44) in international tournaments. Keres won the AVRO 1938 chess tournament, which led to negotiations for a title match against the reigning World Champion Alexander Alekhine, but the match never took place due to the outbreak of World War II in 1939. Keres was runner-up in the Candidates Tournament on four consecutive occasions in 1953–1962. Due to these and other strong results, many chess historians consider Keres one of the greatest "Grandmaster (chess), Super grandmasters" in history, and, along with Viktor Korchnoi, the strongest player nev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dražen Marović
Dražen Marović (born January 14, 1938, in Split) is a Croatian chess grandmaster who was active in former Yugoslavia, later a trainer, journalist, writer and broadcaster. Biography Despite learning the game at the relatively late age of sixteen, he made remarkable progress to finish second in the Yugoslav Junior Championship, just two years later. In pursuit of a profession, he obtained a degree in Literature which, when coupled with his gift for languages, provided him with a lifetime vocation, teaching Italian, Spanish and English. Along with the academic achievements, came even greater advances in his chess playing skills and the improvements were reflected in his international tournament results; Zagreb 1964 (2nd= with Bruno Parma after László Szabó), Málaga 1968 (1st= with Borislav Ivkov), Zagreb 1971 (1st), Zagreb 1972 (2nd= with Mato Damjanovic and Vlastimil Hort Vlastimil Hort (12 January 1944 – 12 May 2025) was a Czech and German chess grandmaster. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Blitz Chess Championship
The World Blitz Chess Championship is a chess tournament held to determine the world champion in chess played under blitz time controls. Since 2012, FIDE has held an annual joint rapid and blitz chess tournament and billed it as the World Rapid & Blitz Chess Championships. The current world blitz champion title is shared by the Norwegian Grandmaster Magnus Carlsen and Russian Grandmaster Ian Nepomniachtchi. Ju Wenjun from China is the current women's blitz world champion. Magnus Carlsen has held the title a record eight times. Time controls Starting in the early 1900s, chess clubs began to play tournaments played at accelerated time controls; these early games usually required a set number of moves from each player within a certain time interval. One of the earliest examples was the local chess club at Hastings, England, where 10 seconds were allowed per move during a blitz tournament held after the 1904 British Chess Championship. By 1950, the time controls had changed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hikaru Nakamura
Christopher Hikaru NakamuraMemorandum in Support of Defendant Christopher Hikaru Nakamura's Motion to Dismiss , United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, December 7, 2022 (born December 9, 1987) is an American Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster, Online streamer, streamer, YouTuber, five-time U.S. Chess Champion, and the reigning FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2022, World Fischer Random Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he earned his grandmaster title at the age of 15, the youngest American at the time to do so. With a peak Elo rating system, rating of 2816, Nakamura is the Comparison of top chess players throughout history#Elo system, tenth-highest-rated player in history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
