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Viktor Korchnoi
Viktor Lvovich Korchnoi (, ; 23 March 1931 – 6 June 2016) was a Soviet (before 1976) and Swiss (after 1980) chess grandmaster (GM) and chess writer. He is considered one of the strongest players never to have become World Chess Champion. Born in Leningrad, Korchnoi defected to the Netherlands in 1976, and resided in Switzerland from 1978, becoming a Swiss citizen. Korchnoi played four matches against GM Anatoly Karpov, three of which were official. In 1974, Korchnoi lost to Karpov in the Candidates Tournament 1974, Candidates Tournament final. After GM Bobby Fischer declined to defend his title against Karpov, Karpov was declared World Chess Championship 1975, World Champion in 1975. In World Chess Championship 1978, 1978 and World Chess Championship 1981, 1981, Korchnoi won consecutive Candidates cycles and qualified to challenge Karpov for the World Chess Championship, but lost both matches. The two players also played a drawn training match of six games in 1971. Korchnoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Chess Championship
The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Gukesh Dommaraju, who defeated the previous champion Ding Liren in the World Chess Championship 2024, 2024 World Chess Championship. The first event recognized as a world championship was the World Chess Championship 1886, 1886 match between Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort. Steinitz won, making him the first world champion. From 1886 to 1946, the champion set the terms, requiring any challenger to raise a sizable stake and defeat the champion in a match in order to become the new world champion. Following the death of reigning world champion Alexander Alekhine in 1946, the International Chess Federation (FIDE) took over administration of the World Championship, beginning with the World Chess Championship 1948, 1948 tournament. From 1948 to 1993, FIDE organized a set of tournaments and matches to choose a new challenger for the world championship match, which wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chessbase
ChessBase is a German company that develops and sells chess software, maintains a chess news site, and operates an internet chess server for online chess. Founded in 1986, it maintains and sells large-scale databases containing the moves of recorded chess games. The databases contain data from prior games and provide engine analyses of games. Endgame tablebases are also provided by the company. ChessBase's Indian YouTube channel ChessBase India has amassed more than 2.5 million YouTube subscribers and more than 2.5 billion total views as of December 2024. History Starting in 1983, Frederic Friedel and his colleagues put out a magazine ''Computer-schach und Spiele'' covering the emerging hobby of computer chess. In 1985, Friedel invited then world chess champion Garry Kasparov to his house. Kasparov mused about how a chess database would make it easier for him to prepare for specific opponents. Friedel began working with Bonn physicist Matthias Wüllenweber who created the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Senior Chess Championship
The World Senior Chess Championship is an annual chess tournament established in 1991 by FIDE, the World Chess Federation. The 2024 tournament took place in Porto Santo, Portugal from November 16–29, 2024. Overview Originally, the minimum age was 60 years for men, and 50 for women. Since 2014, the Senior Championship is split in two different age categories, 50+ and 65+, with separate open and women-only tournaments. Participants must reach the age of 50 or 65 years by December 31 of the year of the event. There is a category for players 75+ which provides special prizes. The championship is organized as an eleven-round Swiss system tournament. It is an open tournament, and each FIDE member federation may send as many players as desired. The separate women's tournament is held only if there are enough participants (at least 10 women from four different FIDE zones). The winners of the open tournaments (both age categories) are awarded the title of Grandmaster if they do not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in FIDE Online Chess Olympiad 2020, 2020 and FIDE Online Chess Olympiad 2021, 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings. The use of the name "Chess Olympiad" for FIDE's team championship is of historical origin and is not connected to the Olympic Games. Birth of the Olympiad The first Olympiad was unofficial. For the 1924 Summer Olympics, 1924 Olympics an attempt was made to include chess in the Olympic Games but this failed because of problems with distinguishing between amateur and professional players. While the 1924 Summer Olympics was taking place in Paris, the 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad also took place in Paris. FIDE was formed on Sunday, July 20, 1924, the closing day of the 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad. FIDE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR Chess Champion
The USSR Chess Championship was played from 1920 to 1991. Organized by the USSR Chess Federation, it was the strongest national chess championship ever held, with eight world chess champions and four world championship finalists among its winners. It was held as a round-robin tournament with the exception of the 35th and 58th championships, which were of the Swiss system. Most wins *Six titles: Mikhail Botvinnik, Mikhail Tal *Four titles: Tigran Petrosian, Viktor Korchnoi, Alexander Beliavsky *Three titles: Paul Keres, Leonid Stein, Anatoly Karpov List of winners : See also * Women's Soviet Chess Championship * Russian Chess Championship Publications * Mark Taimanov, Bernard Cafferty, Soviet Championships, London, Everyman Chess, 1998 () References Further reading *The Soviet Chess Championship 1920-1991 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1991
The World Chess Championship 1993 was one of the most controversial matches in chess history, with incumbent World Chess Championship, World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov and official challenger Nigel Short splitting from FIDE, the official world governing body of chess, and playing their title match under the auspices of the Professional Chess Association. In response, FIDE stripped Kasparov of his title, and instead held a title match between Anatoly Karpov and Jan Timman. The matches were won by Kasparov and Karpov respectively. For the first time in history, there were two rival World Chess Champions, a situation which persisted until the World Chess Championship 2006. 1990 Interzonal Tournament For the first time, the Interzonal was held as a Swiss system tournament in Manila in June and July 1990. 64 contestants played 13 rounds; the top 11 qualified for the Candidates Tournament. : Salov and Thipsay withdrew after seven rounds. 1991–93 Candidates Tournament The final ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1988
The World Chess Championship 1990 was played between Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov. It was the fifth and final Kasparov–Karpov championship match, and saw Kasparov win by a single point. 1987 Interzonal tournaments Three Interzonals were held in the summer of 1987, with 16 to 18 players playing in each and the top three scorers from each qualifying. : In the first tournament in Subotica, Sax, Short, and Speelman qualified. Lubomir Kavalek withdrew after six rounds; his results are not included in the totals for the other players. Robert Hübner was invited, but declined to participate. As a result, Ribli had a free day during the last round. To show his displeasure, he refused to take part in a playoff against Tal, which could have been important, if a reserve spot had opened up in the Candidates Tournament. : In the Szirák tournament, Valery Salov and Jóhann Hjartarson finished at the top of the table, while Lajos Portisch and John Nunn tied for third. The last pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1985
The 1987 World Chess Championship was played between Anatoly Karpov and Garry Kasparov in Seville from October 12 to December 19, 1987. Before the 24th game, Kasparov was down 12–11, but in the 24th game, Kasparov made a comeback by using the English Opening to win the final game to retain his title. 1985 Interzonal tournaments Three Interzonal tournaments were held in 1985 in Tunis, Taxco, and Biel, with four players qualifying from each. : Yusupov, Beliavsky and Portisch qualified outright, while Chernin beat Gavrikov 3½-2½ in a Moscow playoff to take the fourth spot. Slim Bouaziz also started the tournament, but withdrew after six rounds, having drawn only one game and lost the rest. His results are not counted in the table above. : Balashov withdrew after 11 rounds. His last four unplayed games are marked with an asterisk (*). : Short, van der Wiel, and Torre contested a playoff, also in Biel, for the fourth and final spot in the Candidates Tournament. Short and v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1983
A candidate, or nominee, is a prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position. For example, one can be a candidate for membership in a group or election to an office, in which case a candidate selection occurs. "Nomination" is part of the process of selecting a candidate for either election to an office by a political party,''Judicial and Statutory Definitions of Words and Phrases,'' Volume 1, Edition 2, West Publishing Company, 1914p. 588 or the bestowing of an honor or award. This person is called a "nominee", though "nominee" is often used interchangeably with "candidate". A presumptive nominee is a person or organization whose nomination is considered inevitable or highly likely. The phenomenon of being a candidate in a race for either a party nomination or for electoral office is called "candidacy". The term "presumptive candidate" may be used to describe someone who is predicted to be a formal candidate. Etymol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1980
The 1981 World Chess Championship was played between Anatoly Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi in Merano, Italy from October 1 to November 19, 1981. Karpov won with six wins against two, with 10 draws. The two players had already played against each other in the World Chess Championship match 1978 in the Philippines, when Karpov also won. 1979 Interzonal tournaments Two Interzonals were held in 1979, one in Riga and the other in Rio de Janeiro. : The Riga interzonal was won in dominant fashion by Tal, who went through the tournament undefeated ahead of Polugaevsky. They were joined in the Candidates Tournament by Adorján, whose better tie-break score in the main tournament put him ahead of Ribli, after the two drew a playoff in Budapest 3-3. The game between Gruenfeld and Bouaziz was not played, as part of the Arab boycott of Israeli sportspeople. Bouaziz forfeited and Gruenfeld received a point. : The Interzonal in Rio saw Portisch, Petrosian and Hübner share first pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candidates Tournament 1977
The 1978 World Chess Championship was played between Anatoly Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi in Baguio, Philippines, from July 18 to October 18, 1978. Karpov won, thereby retaining the title. The match had many bizarre incidents. Karpov's team included noted Soviet psychologist and hypnotherapist , while Korchnoi enlisted the help of two American Ananda Marga yoga specialists who had recently been convicted of attempted murder and released on bail. There was more controversy off the board, with histrionics ranging from X-raying of chairs, protests about the flags used on the board and Korchnoi's complaints that Zukhar, sitting in the front row, attempted to hypnotise him. When Karpov's team sent him a blueberry yogurt during a game without any request for one by Karpov, the Korchnoi team protested, claiming it could be some kind of code. They later said this was intended as a parody of earlier protests, but it was taken seriously at the time. During the Cold War, dissident Soviets w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
