|
Moscow Armistice
The Moscow Armistice was signed between Finland on one side and the Soviet Union and United Kingdom on the other side on 19 September 1944, ending the Continuation War. The Armistice restored the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940, with a number of modifications. The Paris Peace Treaties, 1947, final peace treaty between Finland and many of the Allies of World War II, Allies was signed in Paris in 1947. Conditions for peace The conditions for peace were similar to what had been agreed in the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940: Finland was obliged to cede parts of Karelia and Salla, as well as certain islands in the Gulf of Finland. The new armistice also handed all of Pechengsky District, Petsamo to the Soviet Union, and Finland was further compelled to lease Porkkala Naval Base, Porkkala to the Soviet Union for a period of fifty years (the area was returned to Finnish control in 1956). Territories ceded to the Soviet Union constituted approximately 11.50% (44,106.23 km2) of Finland's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finland
Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, opposite Estonia. Finland has a population of 5.6 million. Its capital and largest city is Helsinki. The majority of the population are Finns, ethnic Finns. The official languages are Finnish language, Finnish and Swedish language, Swedish; 84.1 percent of the population speak the first as their mother tongue and 5.1 percent the latter. Finland's climate varies from humid continental climate, humid continental in the south to boreal climate, boreal in the north. The land cover is predominantly boreal forest biome, with List of lakes of Finland, more than 180,000 recorded lakes. Finland was first settled around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period, last Ice Age. During the Stone Age, various cultures emerged, distinguished by differen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porkkala Naval Base
Porkkala Naval Base was a Soviet naval base operational from 1944–1956 in the Municipality, municipalities of Kirkkonummi, Ingå and Siuntio on the Porkkala peninsula, 30 kilometers (19 mi) ''west'' of Helsinki, Finland. The area was leased to the Soviet Union according to the Moscow Armistice signed in 1944 by Finland, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom. The area was returned to Finland in 1956. In the 21st century, it is the site of the Finnish naval base Upinniemi. History At the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union secured the Concession (territory), rights of lease to a naval base at Porkkala, in accordance with the Moscow armistice agreement that ended the Continuation War, between Finland and the Soviets on September 19, 1944. Porkkala replaced the peninsula of Hanko, Finland, Hanko as a site of Soviet naval operations; the latter had been leased to the Soviets in 1940–41. Ten days after the armistice, the USSR on 29 September 1944 leased ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khiytola
Khiytola (; ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a settlement) in Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia. History The Finnish name of the settlement (Hiitola) derives from "Hiisi", the name of a forest spirit in Karelian-Finnish mythology.Андрей Сыров.Забытые достопримечательности западной части Карельского перешейка. Путеводитель. Издательство "Центрполиграф", Санкт-Петербург, 2012. Стр. 330 Before the Winter War it was a municipality of the Viipuri Province of Finland. During World War II, the settlement was captured by forces of Finnish VII Corps (Continuation War), VII Corps (Woldemar Hägglund, Hägglund) on 11 August 1941 and came under Finnish occupation. With the Moscow Armistice of 1944, the town's continued allegiance to the USSR was confirmed. Transportation Khiytola railway station is a junc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hiitola
Khiytola (; ) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia. History The Finnish name of the settlement (Hiitola) derives from " Hiisi", the name of a forest spirit in Karelian-Finnish mythology.Андрей Сыров.Забытые достопримечательности западной части Карельского перешейка. Путеводитель. Издательство "Центрполиграф", Санкт-Петербург, 2012. Стр. 330 Before the Winter War it was a municipality of the Viipuri Province of Finland. During World War II, the settlement was captured by forces of VII Corps ( Hägglund) on 11 August 1941 and came under Finnish occupation. With the Moscow Armistice of 1944, the town's continued allegiance to the USSR was confirmed. Transportation Khiytola railway station is a railway junction of the Vyborg–Joensuu and St. Petersburg–Khiytola railways. It ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veshchevo
Veshchevo (; ) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, and a station of the Vyborg– Zhitkovo railroad. The railway track between Veshchevo and Zhitkovo was, however, dismantled in 2001. Until the Winter War and Continuation War, it had been the administrative center of the Heinjoki municipality of the Viipuri province of Finland. Veshchevo Air Base The locality hosts the Veshchevo Air Base (also known as Vyborg East), located 23 km to the east of Vyborg Vyborg (; , ; , ; , ) is a town and the administrative center of Vyborgsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It lies on the Karelian Isthmus near the head of Vyborg Bay, northwest of St. Petersburg, east of the Finnish capital H .... The 66 OMSHAP ( 66th Independent Naval Shturmovik Aviation Regiment) was based here with 45 Sukhoi Su-17M2 aircraft in the early 1990s. On March 8, 1988, Aeroflot Flight 3739, a hijacked Tupolev Tu-154, which was parki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harlu
Harlu is a former municipality of Finland located in the present-day Russia. Harlu was part of the Ladoga Karelia district, an area ceded to the Soviet Union in 1940 in the Moscow Peace Treaty. Administratively the area is nowadays part of the Pitkyarantsky District in the Republic of Karelia. The municipality ceased to function in 1948. History and Demographics Harlu was founded in 1922 after extensive demographic and industrial development in the area. A decision of creating an Evangelical Lutheran parish to the area had already been made by the Finnish Senate in 1916 when Finland was still a Grand Duchy under Russian dominion, and the parish started fully functioning in 1918 in the freshly independent Finland. The Finnish Orthodox Church didn't establish a parish in the area despite a significant amount of its members residing in the area. Harlu had a land area of approximately 252,6 km² and its population was 7 828 (1939) with a population density Population dens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamennogorsk
Kamennogorsk (; known before 1948 by the Finnish name of Antrea (; )), is a town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus on the left bank of the Vuoksi River (Lake Ladoga's basin) northwest of St. Petersburg. Population: History Human habitation in the area where Kamennogorsk now stands goes back to the Stone Age. In the beginning of the 20th century, a Stone Age site was discovered under a layer of peat. Findings at the site included wooden and flint implements, polished instruments of shale, remains of net of nettle fibers, sixteen fishing floats of piny bark, thirty-one stone plummets, a long bone dagger, and remains of nets with a length of and a width of up to . In the 14th-17th centuries, Antrea was a main administrative center of Karelian settlements on the upper Vuoksi. The name comes from Lutheran community founded in the 17th century and the church of St. Andrew. In 1710, during the Great Northern War, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lapland War
During World War II, the Lapland War (; ; ) saw fighting between Finland and Nazi Germany – effectively from September to November 1944 – in Finland's northernmost region, Lapland. Though the Finns and the Germans had been fighting together against the Soviet Union since 1941 during the Continuation War (1941–1944), peace negotiations between the Finnish government and the Allies of World War II had been conducted intermittently during 1943–1944, but no agreement had been reached. The Moscow Armistice, signed on 19 September 1944, demanded that Finland break diplomatic ties with Germany and expel or disarm any German soldiers remaining in Finland. The ''Wehrmacht'' had anticipated this turn of events and planned an organised withdrawal to Nazi-occupied Norway, as part of Operation Birke (Birch). Despite a failed offensive landing operation by Germany in the Gulf of Finland, the evacuation proceeded peacefully at first. The Finns escalated the situation into warfare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Risto Ryti
Risto Heikki Ryti (; 3 February 1889 – 25 October 1956) was a Finnish people, Finnish politician who served as the fifth president of Finland from 1940 to 1944. Ryti started his career as a politician in the field of economics and as a political background figure during the interwar period. He made a wide range of international contacts in the world of banking and within the framework of the League of Nations. Ryti served as Prime Minister of Finland, prime minister during the Winter War and the Interim Peace, and as president during the Continuation War. Ryti penned the 1944 Ryti–Ribbentrop Agreement – named after himself and Joachim von Ribbentrop – a personal letter to Nazi German Führer Adolf Hitler whereby Ryti agreed not to reach a separate peace in the Continuation War against the Soviet Union without approval from Nazi Germany, in order to secure German military aid for Finland to stop the Soviet Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive against Finland. His resignation soo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War-responsibility Trials In Finland
The war-responsibility trials in Finland (, ) were trials of the Finnish wartime leaders held responsible for "definitely influencing Finland in getting into a war with the Soviet Union and United Kingdom in 1941 or preventing peace" during the Continuation War, the Finnish term for their participation in the Second World War from 1941–1944. Unlike other World War II war-responsibility trials, the Finnish trials were not international. The trials were conducted from November 1945 through February 1946 by a special court consisting of the presidents of the Supreme Court of Finland, the Supreme Administrative Court of Finland, a professor from the University of Helsinki and twelve MPs appointed by the Parliament of Finland. The accused were convicted and were imprisoned until they were eventually paroled and then pardoned. Background The Moscow Armistice, signed September 19, 1944, contained the following Article 13: The Finns initially thought that the trials would be for co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascism
Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived interest of the nation or Race (human categorization), race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Opposed to communism, democracy, liberalism, Pluralism (political philosophy), pluralism, and socialism, fascism is at the far right of the traditional left–right spectrum.; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Fascism rose to prominence in early-20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements Italian fascism, emerged in Italy during World War I, before Fascism in Europe, spreading to other European countries, most notably Nazi Germany, Germany. Fascism also had adherents outside of Europe. Fascists saw World War I as a revolution that brought massive changes to the nature ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
