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Moros During World War II
The Tausug Moros lived in the Sulu archipelago, which was traditionally ruled by the Sulu Sultanate. The Maguindanaon Moros lived on Mindanao, which was traditionally ruled by the Maguindanao Sultanate. The Maranao Moros lived around Lake Lanao, which was traditionally ruled by the Confederation of Sultanates in Lanao (Pat a Pangampong a Ranao). They were invaded by the Americans during the Moro Rebellion and annexed into the Philippines. Among the anti-Japanese resistance the Tausug leader was Sulu Sultan Jainal Abirin II and the Chinese-Maguindanaon leader Datu Gumbay Pia. A few of the Maranao leaders were Datu Busran Kalaw, Salipada Pendatun, Sultan Alonto, and Sultan Dimaporo. Salipada Pendatun's brother-in-law, Major Datu Udtug, also fought against the Japanese, and in Cotabato, the focal area of the anti-Japanese resistance was Papalungan. The Moro juramentados performed suicide attacks against Japanese troops, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tausug People
Tausug or Tausūg may refer to: * Tausug language, Malayo-Polynesian language spoken mainly in the Philippines ** Tausug alphabet ** Tausūg people The Tausug (also spelled Tausog; natively , Jawi: ) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the Sulu Archipelago and northeastern coastal areas of Borneo, which spans present-day Philippines and Malaysia. Large Tausug populations are also ..., speakers of the language {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spear
A spear is a polearm consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with Fire hardening, fire hardened spears, or it may be made of a more durable material fastened to the shaft, such as bone, flint, obsidian, copper, bronze, iron, or steel. The most common design for hunting and/or warfare, since modern times has incorporated a metal spearhead shaped like a triangle, lozenge (shape), diamond, or Glossary of leaf morphology, leaf. The heads of fishing spears usually feature multiple sharp Tine (structural), points, with or without barbs. Spears can be divided into two broad categories: those designed for thrusting as a melee weapon (including weapons such as lances and Pike (weapon), pikes) and those designed for throwing as a ranged weapon (usually referred to as javelins). The spear has been used throughout human history as a weapon for hunting and/or fishing and for warfare. Along with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanao Del Sur
Lanao del Sur (; Meranaw and ; Jawi ''(Batang Arab)'': ), officially the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of Marawi (the most populous in the province), and it borders Lanao del Norte to the north, Bukidnon to the east, and Maguindanao del Norte and Cotabato to the south. To the southwest lies Illana Bay, an arm of the Moro Gulf. Situated in the interior of Lanao del Sur is Lake Lanao, the largest lake in Mindanao. Etymology "Lanao" means "lake", derived from ''ranao''. The province, situated at basin of Lake Lanao, is known as the land of the "Maranaos" (which means "the "people of the lake"). History Early history Prior to the arrival of Islam, the region already had a sophisticated culture, as embodied in various Maranao epics, chants, and recorded history. The people of Lanao used to adhere to Hinduism, polytheist animism, and Buddhism. Durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USAFFE
United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) ( Filipino: ''Hukbong Katihan ng Estados Unidos sa Malayong Silangan''; Spanish: ''Fuerzas del Ejército de los Estados Unidos en el Lejano Oriente'') was a military formation of the United States Army active from 1941 to 1946. The new command's headquarters was created on 26 July 1941, at No. 1, Calle Victoria, Manila, Philippines, with General Douglas MacArthur as commander. The Chief of Staff was Brigadier General Richard K. Sutherland and the Deputy Chief of Staff was Lieutenant Colonel Richard J. Marshall. The core of this command (including MacArthur, Marshall, and Sutherland) was drawn from the Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines. Creation of this command led to the subordination of the headquarters of the Philippine Department of the U.S. Army, as a service command, since planning and tactical control were now under USAFFE control. MacArthur explains, "It became an adminis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guy Fort
Guy O. Fort (January 1, 1879 – November 11, 1942) was a brigadier general in the Philippine Army under the control of the United States Army Forces in the Far East. Fort led the 81st Division (Philippines) during the initial Battle of the Philippines and the Japanese invasion of Malabang. After fighting a last-ditch stand, Fort was ordered by his higher command to surrender and be taken prisoner by Japanese forces."The Philippines Never Surrendered" by Edward M. Kuder and Pete Martin, ''The Saturday Evening Post'', March 10, 1945, Vol. 217, Issue 37, pages 9-10. His captors demanded Fort help persuade his former soldiers engaged in guerrilla warfare to stop resisting the occupation. Fort refused and was executed by firing squad. Fort is the only American-born general officer to be executed by enemy forces.''Fallen in Battle: American General Officer Combat Fatalities from 1775'' by Russell K. Brown, Greenwood Press, 1988, pages 40–41."Entry for Fort, Guy O." in ''Biogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophobic
Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-group and out-group, in-group and an out-group and it may manifest itself in suspicion of one group's activities by members of the other group, a desire to eliminate the presence of the group that is the target of suspicion, and fear of losing a national, ethnic, or racial identity.Guido Bolaffi. ''Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture''. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332. Alternative definitions A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is "an element of a political struggle about who has the right to be cared for by the state and society: a fight for the collective good of the modern state." According to Italian sociologist Guido Bolaffi, xenophobia can also be exhibited as an "uncritical exaltation of another culture" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wendell Fertig
Wendell Fertig (December 16, 1900 – March 24, 1975)Brooks 2003, p. 37. was an American civil engineer, in the American-administered Commonwealth of the Philippines, who organized and commanded an American-Filipino guerrilla warfare, guerrilla force on the Japanese-occupied, southern Philippine island of Mindanao during World War II. Fertig's widely scattered guerrilla force numbered approximately 32,000. He faced about 50,000 Japanese soldiers, mostly garrison troops in towns and cities.Smith 2005, p 597, 647, 694. Fertig held a United States Army Reserve, U.S. Army Reserve commission and was called into military service before the war in the Pacific began. Ordered from Corregidor before its surrender to the Japanese, he was sent to Mindanao to assume command of engineer activities there. Almost as soon as he arrived, the U.S. Army forces on Mindanao surrendered, but Fertig refused to do so. Fertig used his knowledge of the Filipino people to organize them into a guerrilla arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanao (province)
Lanao was a province of the Philippines from 1914 to 1959. Today, the province comprises Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur. Etymology The term "Lanao" is derived from a Maranao word "Ranao" meaning a body of water. "Meranau" means lake dweller. They are the natives of the place occupying the land around Lake Lanao, which is situated at the central part of Lanao del Sur. Lanao, applies to the entire area before its division. When it was divided into two provinces, the southern portion became Lanao del Sur and the northern part became Lanao del Norte. History Dansalan, Marawi's old name, was explored by the Spaniards as early as 1639. It is said that at that time, Marawi was already the citadel of Malayan-Arabic culture in Mindanao. Feeling the pulse of strong refusal among its inhabitants to adopt Christianity, the Spaniards abandoned the project of colonizing the area. Dansalan, physically speaking, would have satisfactorily qualified to become a town or municipality durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolo Knife
A bolo (, , , , , , , , , ) is a general term for traditional History of the Philippines (900–1565), pre-colonial small- to medium-sized single-edged swords or large knives of the Philippines that function both as tools and weapons. Bolos are characterized by a wide curved blade that narrows down to the hilt, and that comes with a pointed or a blunt tip. Bolos are used as tools in the Philippines and are sometimes compared to machetes. Description Bolos are differentiated from other Filipino swords and bladed implements by their dual use as both tools and weapons. They are characterized by a curved (usually convex) wide blade that narrows towards the hilt, with pointed or blunt tips. There are various types of bolos differing by ethnic groups of the Philippines, ethnic group and purpose, ranging from large knives to short swords to specialized agricultural equipment. They had a wide range of use, from hunting to scything grass, opening coconuts, harvesting crops, or clearing d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotabato
Cotabato, formerly and still commonly referred to as North Cotabato and officially the Province of Cotabato, is a landlocked Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Soccsksargen Regions of the Philippines, region in Mindanao. Its capital is the city of Kidapawan, the most populous in the province. Bangsamoro barangays in Cotabato, Some of its municipalities are under the jurisdiction of the nearby Bangsamoro, Bangsamoro Autonomous Region. Etymology The name ''Kuta Watu'' in Maguindanao language, Maguindanaon (or ''Kota Batu'' in Malay language, Malay) means "stone fortress". History Maguindanao Sultanate According to Maguindanao royal records, Islam was introduced to the Maguindanaos in the late 15th century by Sharif Sharif Kabungsuwan, Muhammad Kabungsuan, a Johorean Malay Muslim noble and missionary of Arab descent. Sharif Kabungsuan invaded Malabang in 1475, facing armed resistance from the principality, nevertheless successfully vanqui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gumbay Piang
Datu Gumbay Piang (1905 - November 9, 1949) was a Maguindanaon leader. Gumbay Piang was born in Dulawan, Cotabato district, Moro Province (present-day Datu Piang, Maguindanao del Sur) in 1905, a son of the Moro leader Datu Piang from his sixth wife, Polindao. He was trained as a pedagogist at the then-US-administered Philippine Normal School in Manila. Gumbay worked his way through the bureaucracy where he served for different school boards of his province. When the Second World War erupted, Gumbay Piang, along with fellow Moro leaders such as Salipada Pendatun, organized the famed resistance group named the Moro-Bolo Battalion during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines to fight the Japanese. The insignia of the group was the bolo and the kris, the respective weapons of Christian and Muslim populations, respectively, symbolizing a united front against the Japanese aggressors. The Moro-Bolo Battalion consisted of about 20,000 men. Gumbay Piang's Cotabato Moros used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salipada Pendatun
Datu Salipada Khalid Pendatun (; Jawi script, Jawi: سلڤاد خالد ڤندتن; December 3, 1912 – January 27, 1985) was a Filipino lawyer, military officer, and politician, being the first Filipino Muslim in history to hold these offices. Born in Pikit, Moro Province (now Cotabato), Pendatun graduated from the University of the Philippines University of the Philippines College of Law, College of Law in 1938 and passed the bar exam in the same year. During World War II, Pendatun was a member of the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE), and led a guerrilla group in Mindanao called the Bolo Battalion (later known as the Bukidnon-Cotabato Force). As a member of the Liberal Party (Philippines), Liberal Party's senatorial slate in the 1971 Philippine Senate election, 1971 Senate election, Pendatun was among the survivors of the Plaza Miranda bombing in August 1971. After Martial law in the Philippines, martial law was Proclamation No. 1081, declared in 1972 by p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
