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Model Sheets
In visual arts, a model sheet, also known as a character board, character sheet, character study or simply a study, is a document used to help standardize the appearance, poses, and gestures of a character in arts such as animation, comics, and video games. Model sheets are required when multiple artists are involved in the production of an animated film, game, or comic to help maintain continuity in characters from scene to scene. In animation, one animator may only do one shot out of the several hundred that are required to complete an animated feature film. A character not drawn according to the production's standardized model is referred to as off-model. Model sheets are also used for references in 3D modeling to guide proper proportions of models. Purposes Model sheets have also been used in the past to maintain graphic continuity over the years for long lasting cartoon productions of short or short features such as the ''Looney Tunes'' or ''Merrie Melodies'' series. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ModelSheet
ModelSheet Software LLC is a venture-funded software company focused on business analytics and based in Arlington, Massachusetts. History ModelSheet was founded by two MIT graduates, Richard Petti and Howard Cannon, who earlier worked together at Symbolics and later in the division spun out as Macsyma. After the Macsyma episode in the 1980s and the 1990s, the pair took separate career paths, with Petti at The MathWorks, and Cannon at Groton NeoChem and SciQuest, and then merged their companies to found ModelSheet in 2007. Strategy, products and services ModelSheet Software was founded to put more desktop modeling power in the hands of business experts without requiring them to become programmers. The spreadsheet is the classic example of such an end-user development tool, but its cell-based paradigm has its limitations. ModelSheet technology attempts to addresses these limitations with two types of products: Custom Spreadsheet Solutions, and the ModelSheet Authoring Environm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springer-Verlag
Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing. Originally founded in 1842 in Berlin, it expanded internationally in the 1960s, and through mergers in the 1990s and a sale to venture capitalists it fused with Wolters Kluwer and eventually became part of Springer Nature in 2015. Springer has major offices in Berlin, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, and New York City. History Julius Springer founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842 and his son Ferdinand Springer grew it from a small firm of 4 employees into Germany's then second-largest academic publisher with 65 staff in 1872.Chronology ". Springer Science+Business Media. In 1964, Springer expanded its business internationally, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harper (publisher)
Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins, based in New York City. Founded in New York in 1817 by James Harper and his brother John, the company operated as J. & J. Harper until 1833, when it changed its name to Harper & Brothers, reflecting the inclusion of Joseph and Fletcher Harper. Harper began publishing '' Harper's Magazine'', '' Harper's Weekly'', and other periodicals beginning in the 1850s. From 1962 to 1990, the company was known as Harper & Row after its merger with Row, Peterson & Company. Harper & Row was purchased in 1987 by News Corporation and combined with William Collins, Sons, its United Kingdom counterpart, in 1990 to form HarperCollins, although the Harper name has been used in its place since 2007. History J. & J. Harper (1817–1833) James Harper and his brother John, printers by training, started their book publishing business, J. & J. Harper, in New York City in 1817. Their two brothers, Joseph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watson-Guptill
Watson-Guptill is an American publisher of instructional books in the arts. History The company was founded in 1937 by Ernest William Watson, Ralph Reinhold, and Arthur L. Guptill. They also published the magazine ''American Artist''. Their headquarters are at 1745 Broadway, New York City, Random House Tower. Billboard (magazine), Billboard Publications acquired Watson-Guptill in 1962. The Dutch publisher Verenigde Nederlandse Uitgeverijen, VNU (later renamed the Nielsen Company) acquired Billboard in 1993. Random House acquired Watson-Guptill from Nielsen in 2008. Five years later, Random House, which was owned by Bertelsmann and the Penguin Group, owned by Pearson PLC, merged to form the Penguin Random House company. Watson-Guptill became an imprint of Ten Speed Press in 2013. Imprints *Amphoto Books References External links *Penguin Random House Canada page [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossary Of Comics Terminology
developed specialized terminology. Several attempts have been made to formalize and define the terminology of comics by authors such as Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, R. C. Harvey and Dylan Horrocks. Much of the terminology in English is under dispute, so this page will list and describe the most common terms used in comics. Comics "Comics" is used as a non-count noun, and thus is used with the singular form of a verb, in the way the words "politics" or "economics" are, to refer to the medium, so that one refers to the "comics industry" rather than the "comic industry". "Comic" as an adjective also has the meaning of "funny", or as pertaining to comedians, which can cause confusion and is usually avoided in most cases ("comic strip" being a well-entrenched exception). "Comic" as a singular noun is sometimes used to refer to individual comics periodicals, particularly in the United Kingdom and Ireland, which in North America would be known as "comic books". "Underground comix" is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Character Animation
Character animation is a specialized area of the animation process, which involves bringing animated s to life. The role of a character animator is analogous to that of a film or stage actor and character animators are often said to be "actors with a pencil" (or a mouse). Character animators breathe life in their characters, creating the illusion of thought, emotion and personality. Character animation is often distinguished from creature animation, which involves bringing photorealistic animals and creatures to life. Origins Winsor McCay's '' Gertie the Dinosaur'' (1914) is often considered the first example of true character animation. Later, Otto Messmer imbued Felix the Cat with an instantly recognizable personality during the 1920s. In the 1930s, Walt Disney made character animation a particular focus of his animation studio, best showcased in productions such as '' Three Little Pigs'' (1933), ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'' (1937), ''Pinocchio'' (1940), and ''Dum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fan Art
Fan art or fanart is artwork created by Fan (person), fans of a work of fiction or celebrity depicting events, Character (arts), character, or other aspect of the work. As fan labor, fan art refers to artworks that are not created, commissioned, nor endorsed by the creators of the work from which the fan art derives. A different, older meaning of the term is used in science fiction fandom, where fan art traditionally describes ''original'' (rather than derivative) artwork related to science fiction or fantasy, created by fan artists, and appearing in low- or non-paying publications such as semiprozines or science fiction fanzine, fanzines, and in the art shows of science fiction conventions. The Hugo Award for Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist, Best Fan Artist has been given each year since 1967 to artists who create such works. Like the term fan fiction (although to a lesser extent), this traditional meaning is now sometimes confused with the more recent usage described above. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animation Director
An animation director is the director in charge of all aspects of the animation process during the production of an animated or television film, or an animated segment for a live-action film or television show. Alternatively, the animation director can be the animator in charge of correcting layouts and drawings for the above media. The difference between the two is largely in the difference between the Western and Eastern animation industries. The differences between the two models are similar to the differences in art directors. Responsibilities In Western animation, such as Disney, the responsibilities of an animation director include directing the storyboards, character designs, background animation, and other technical aspects of a project's animation. Some animated film productions may split the duties between an animation director, who focuses on the creation of the animation, and a director who oversees all other aspects of the film. A supervising animator is commonly in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merrie Melodies
''Merrie Melodies'' is an American animated comedy short film series distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was part of the ''Looney Tunes'' franchise and featured many of the same characters. Originally running from August 2, 1931, to September 20, 1969 (during the golden age of American animation), it was revived in 1979 with new shorts being sporadically released until June 13, 1997. ''Merrie Melodies'' originally placed emphasis on one-shot color films in comparison to the black-and-white ''Looney Tunes'' films. After Bugs Bunny became the breakout character of ''Merrie Melodies'' and ''Looney Tunes'' transitioned to color production in the early 1940s, the two series gradually lost their distinctions and shorts were assigned to each series randomly. ''Merrie Melodies'' was originally produced by Harman–Ising Pictures from 1931 to 1933 and Leon Schlesinger Productions from 1933 to 1944. Schlesinger sold his studio to Warner Bros. in 1944, and the newly renamed Warner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Looney Tunes
''Looney Tunes'' is an American media franchise produced and distributed by Warner Bros. The franchise began as a series of animated short films that originally ran from 1930 to 1969, alongside its spin-off series ''Merrie Melodies'', during the golden age of American animation.Looney Tunes . ''www.bcdb.com'', April 12, 2012 Following a revival in the late 1970s, new shorts were released as recently as 2014. The two series introduced a large List of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies characters, cast of characters, including Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Tweety Bird and Elmer Fudd. The term ''Looney Tunes'' has since been expanded to also refer to the characters themselves. ''Looney Tunes'' and ''Merrie Melodies'' were initially produced by Leon Schlesinger and animators Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising from 1930 to 1933. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Modeling
In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical coordinate-based Computer representation of surfaces, representation of a surface of an object (inanimate or living) in Three-dimensional space, three dimensions via 3D computer graphics software, specialized software by manipulating edges, vertices, and polygons in a simulated 3D space. Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a collection of points in 3D space, connected by various geometric entities such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. Being a collection of data (Point (geometry), points and other information), 3D models can be created manually, algorithmically (procedural modeling), or by 3D scanning, scanning. Their surfaces may be further defined with texture mapping. Outline The product is called a 3D model, while someone who works with 3D models may be referred to as a 3D artist or a 3D modeler. A 3D model can also be displayed as a two-dimensional image t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
