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Mieczyslaw Gruber
Samuel Gruber ''aka'' Mieczyslaw Gruber (January 3, 1913 – June 17, 2006) was born in Podhajce, Poland (now Pidhaitsi, Ukraine). As a youth, Gruber belonged to the Zionist organizations Hashomer Hatzair and HeHalutz. When he was 14, Gruber went to Lwów, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine) to attend high school. After graduation, Gruber remained in Lwów for about two years. He then returned to Podhajce where he worked as a bookkeeper for a company that manufactured farm equipment and bicycles. Gruber was drafted to the Polish Army when he was 18 or 19. He served for a year and a half in Tarnopol, Ukraine. Two or three weeks before the war broke out in 1939, Samuel was called into the reserves. While training in Nowy Sącz, Poland, Gruber's unit was unaware that the German forces had penetrated deep into Poland. The Germans surrounded Samuel's unit and fighting broke out. Samuel was shot in the arm and taken as a prisoner of war. After a month in the hospital, Gruber and the other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podhajce
Pidhaitsi (, ; ; ) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located approximately south of Berezhany, from Ternopil, and south-east of Lviv. In 1939, Pidhaitsi obtained the formal status of a city.Official stats at the web-site of Verkhovna Rada It hosts the administration of Pidhaitsi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: Many of the current residents have the surname Koropetskyi/Koropetska, likely attributable to the city's proximity to the Koropets (river), Koropets River. History According to the sources, Pidhaitsi is one of the oldest settlements in the area. It was established in 1445. The first writte ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Langwasser
Langwasser is a part (''Stadtteil'') of Nuremberg in the southeastern area of the city. It was developed as a prototype of the satellite town concept in the 1960s and is primarily a suburban residential area. The name ''Langwasser'' (translation: 'long water'), comes from a small stream bordering the area on its eastern edge. Location Langwasser is located in the southeastern area of Nuremberg and is part of the statistical area ''Südöstliche Außenstadt''. History At the beginning of the 20th century, the area that would become Langwasser was heavily wooded and part of the forest and former imperial estate, (in English usage, ' Nuremberg Reichswald'). After devastating forest fires between 1917 and 1919 the area was cleared and used for farming. Nazi era Prior to World War II, the area which had been cleared by fire became an important site for the Nazi movement. Beginning in 1934 it was the site of various tent cities and encampments. The area originally housed a tent encam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prien Am Chiemsee
Prien am Chiemsee (official: , High German [], Bavarian (local) dialect []) is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian Rosenheim (district), district of Rosenheim in Germany. The town is a certified Luftkurort, air and Sebastian Kneipp, Kneipp spa on the western shore of the lake of Chiemsee, east of Rosenheim. The name of Prien is derived from the Celtic denomination of the river Prien (''Brigenna,'' 'coming from the mountains'). Geography Neighborhoods The political municipality of Prien am Chiemsee has 36 official neighborhoods: Transport Prien is on the main rail line between Munich and Salzburg. Two branch lines originate at the Prien station. The Chiemgau Railway is a line extending into the foothills of the Alps at Aschau im Chiemgau; it is served by diesel multiple units. The Chiemsee-Bahn is a narrow-gauge steam-operated seasonal tourist line connecting the Prien station with Lake Chiem at Prien-Stock. From there boats operate to Herreninsel in the lake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parczew Partisans
The Parczew partisans were fighters in irregular military groups participating in the Jewish resistance movement against Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. The name of the partisan force, coined by the Holocaust historians, is borrowed from the Parczew forest located a short distance away from Lublin, halfway to the town of Sobibór, the location of the Sobibór extermination camp during the Holocaust in occupied Poland. The Jews who managed to escape from the camp hid in there along with the considerable number of Jewish families of the Lublin Ghetto. The area including Parczew and Włodawa counties near Lublin in the General Government became one of the primary battlefields of the Jewish partisan movement. An area of forests and lakes with few passable roads, the Parczew forests were an ideal location for partisan activity. Notable partisan leaders included Ephraim (Frank) Bleichman, Harold Werner, and Shmuel (Mieczysław) Gruber. Werner and Gruber were s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as weddings, bar and bat mitzvahs, choir performances, and children's plays. They often also have rooms for study, social halls, administrative and charitable offices, classrooms for religious and Hebrew studies, and many places to sit and congregate. They often display commemorative, historic, or modern artwork alongside items of Jewish historical significance or history about the synagogue itself. Synagogues are buildings used for Jewish prayer, study, assembly, and reading of the Torah. The Torah (Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses) is traditionally read in its entirety over a period of a year in weekly portions during services, or in some synagogues on a triennial cycle. However, the edifice of a synagogue as such is not essential for hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhus
Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and a rash. Typically these begin one to two weeks after exposure. The diseases are caused by specific types of bacterial infection. Epidemic typhus is caused by '' Rickettsia prowazekii'' spread by body lice, scrub typhus is caused by '' Orientia tsutsugamushi'' spread by chiggers, and murine typhus is caused by '' Rickettsia typhi'' spread by fleas. Vaccines have been developed, but none is commercially available. Prevention is achieved by reducing exposure to the organisms that spread the disease. Treatment is with the antibiotic doxycycline. Epidemic typhus generally occurs in outbreaks when poor sanitary conditions and crowding are present. While once common, it is now rare. Scrub typhus occurs in Southeast Asia, Japan, and northern Australia. Murine typhus occurs in tropical and subtropi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majdanek
Majdanek (or Lublin) was a Nazi concentration and extermination camp built and operated by the SS on the outskirts of the city of Lublin during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. It had three gas chambers, two wooden gallows, and some 227 structures in all, placing it among the largest of Nazi concentration camps. Although initially intended for forced labor rather than extermination, it was used to murder people an estimated 78,000 people during Operation Reinhard, the German plan to murder all Polish Jews within their own occupied homeland. In operation from 1 October 1941 to 22 July 1944, it was captured nearly intact. The rapid advance of the Soviet Red Army during Operation Bagration prevented the SS from destroying most of its infrastructure, and Deputy Camp Commandant Anton Thernes failed to remove the most incriminating evidence of war crimes. The camp was nicknamed Majdanek ("little Majdan") in 1941 by local residents, as it was adjacent to the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lublin
Lublin is List of cities and towns in Poland, the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland. It is the capital and the centre of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 336,339 (December 2021). Lublin is the largest Polish city east of the Vistula River, located southeast of Warsaw. One of the events that greatly contributed to the city's development was the Union of Krewo, Polish–Lithuanian Union of Krewo in 1385. Lublin thrived as a centre of trade and commerce due to its strategic location on the route between Vilnius and Kraków; the inhabitants had the privilege of free trade in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Lublin Sejm, Parliament session of 1569 led to the creation of a Union of Lublin, real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, thus creating the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Lublin witnessed the early stages of the Reformation in the 16th century. A Calvinist congregation wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipowa 7 Camp
The Lipowa 7 camp () was a Nazi Germany, Nazi forced labor Nazi concentration camps, concentration camp, primarily for Polish Jews, Jews, by Lipowa Street in Lublin, Poland during December 1939 - 1944. In November 1943 nearly all Jewish inmates Final Solution, were exterminated. Operation Initially it was set up as a camp for various kinds of forced labor carried out by men supplied by the Jewish Labour Office (Arbeitsamt in occupied Poland, Jüdisches Arbeitsamt) of Lublin, to be operated under the auspices of DAW Lublin (Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke Lublin), DAW Lindenstraße. Gradually it was turned into a confinement camp due to the massive avoiding of work duty and due to the influx of Polish-Jewish and later Soviet POW, as well as imprisoned (non-Jewish) Polish civilians. The camp was established in empty plots between Lipowa 7 and 9, hence the name. In November 1943 during the Operation Harvest Festival the Jewish inmates of the camp Death marches (Holocaust), were marched o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gleiwitz
Gliwice (; , ) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. The city is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Kłodnica river (a tributary of the Oder River, Oder). It lies approximately 25 km west from Katowice, the regional capital of the Silesian Voivodeship. Gliwice is the westernmost city of the Metropolis GZM, a conurbation of 2.0 million people, and is the third-largest city of this area, with 175,102 permanent residents as of 2021. It also lies within the larger Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area which has a population of about 5.3 million people and spans across most of eastern Upper Silesia, western Lesser Poland and the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Gliwice is bordered by three other cities and towns of the metropolitan area: Zabrze, Knurów and Pyskowice. It is one of the major college towns in Poland, thanks to the Silesian University of Technology, which was founded in 1945 by academics of Lviv Polytechnic, Lwów University of Technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Language
German (, ) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe, Western and Central Europe. It is the majority and Official language, official (or co-official) language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It is also an official language of Luxembourg, German-speaking Community of Belgium, Belgium and the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol, as well as a recognized national language in Namibia. There are also notable German-speaking communities in other parts of Europe, including: Poland (Upper Silesia), the Czech Republic (North Bohemia), Denmark (South Jutland County, North Schleswig), Slovakia (Krahule), Germans of Romania, Romania, Hungary (Sopron), and France (European Collectivity of Alsace, Alsace). Overseas, sizeable communities of German-speakers are found in the Americas. German is one of the global language system, major languages of the world, with nearly 80 million native speakers and over 130 mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Münsingen, Germany
Münsingen (; ) is a town in the district of Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 23 km southeast of Reutlingen, and 37 km west of Ulm. History The name Münsingen is probably derived from Alemannic chief called Munigis, who founded a settlement within the present-day city boundaries. In 775, Münsingen was mentioned for the first time on a deed of gift of Lorsch Abbey. The church of Münsingen was first mentioned in 804. The area was under the suzerainty of the Franks. Later, the village was under the suzerainty of county of Württemberg-Urach, who sold it to Ulrich I in 1263. In 1339, Münsingen was granted Town privileges. After the partition of Württemberg, it came under the purview of Urach, until the re-unification of the County of Württemberg under the auspices of the Treaty of Münsingen in 1482. On October 23, 1654 Münsingen became an administrative center of regional importance. From 1938 to 1973 Münsingen was capital of the distric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
