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MiG 1.44
The Mikoyan Project 1.44/1.42 (; NATO reporting name: Flatpack) is a multirole combat aircraft, multirole fighter technology demonstrator developed by the Mikoyan design bureau. It was designed for the Soviet Union's MFI (''Mnogofunksionalni Frontovoy Istrebitel'', "Multifunctional Frontline Fighter") project for the I-90 ("1990s fighter") program, the answer to the U.S.'s Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF). The MFI was to incorporate many fifth-generation jet fighter features such as supermaneuverability, supercruise, and advanced avionics, as well as some degree of stealth technology, radar signature reduction. The design's development was a protracted one, characterised by repeated and lengthy postponements due to a chronic lack of funds after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union, collapse of the Soviet Union; the MiG 1.44 made its maiden flight in February 2000, nine years behind schedule, and was cancelled later that year. The MFI project was replaced by the more modern and affo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAKS (air Show)
MAKS (, ) is an international air show held at Zhukovsky International Airport, the home of the Gromov Flight Research Institute in Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast, Zhukovsky, southeast of Moscow, Russia. The event was organized by the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade (Russia), Ministry of Industry and Trade until 2009, more recently by the Government of Moscow and Aviasalon. The first show, Mosaeroshow-92, was held in 1992. Since 1993, the air show was renamed as MAKS and is held biennially on odd years. MAKS is an important event for the Russian aviation industry and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Although it started mainly as an entertainment event, the show soon became a marketplace where Russian aerospace companies could negotiate export contracts and Russian air carriers could make foreign contacts. The 2023 MAKS event was scheduled for July 25-30, 2023, but has been postponed to 2024, allegedly because of security concerns. In June 2024, the government of the Rus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukhoi Su-57
The Sukhoi Su-57 (; NATO reporting name: Felon) is a twin-engine stealth multirole fighter aircraft developed by Sukhoi. It is the product of the PAK FA (, prospective aeronautical complex of front-line aviation) programme, which was initiated in 1999 as a more modern and affordable alternative to the MFI ( Mikoyan Project 1.44/1.42). Sukhoi's internal designation for the aircraft is T-50. The Su-57 is the first aircraft in Russian military service designed with stealth technology and is intended to be the basis for a family of stealth combat aircraft. A multirole fighter capable of aerial combat as well as ground and maritime strike, the Su-57 incorporates stealth, supermaneuverability, supercruise, integrated avionics and large payload capacity. The aircraft is expected to succeed the MiG-29 and Su-27 in the Russian military service and has also been marketed for export. The first prototype aircraft flew in 2010, but the program experienced a protracted development ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TsAGI
The Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (also (Zhukovsky) Central Institute of Aerodynamics, , TsAGI) is a Russian national research centre for aviation. It was founded in Moscow by Russian aviation pioneer Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky on December 1, 1918. History From 1925 and up to the 1930s, TsAGI developed and hosted Tupolev's AGOS (''Aviatziya, Gidroaviatziya i Opytnoye Stroitelstvo'', the "Aviation, Hydroaviation, and Experimental Construction"), the first aircraft design bureau in Soviet Union, and at the time the main one. In 1930, two other major aircraft design bureaus in the country were the Ilyushin's TsKB (''Tsentralnoye Konstruksionnoye Byuro'' means "Central Design Bureau") and an independent, short-lived Kalinin's team in Kharkiv. In 1935 TsAGI was partly relocated to the former dacha settlement ''Otdykh'' (literally, "Relaxation") converted to the new urban-type settlement ''Stakhanovo''. It was named after Alexey Stakhanov, a famous Soviet miner. On April&nbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five-year Plans Of The Soviet Union
The five-year plans for the development of the national economy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (, ''pyatiletniye plany razvitiya narodnogo khozyaystva SSSR'') consisted of a series of nationwide Centralized planning, centralized economic planning, economic plans in the Soviet Union, beginning in the late 1920s. The Soviet state planning committee Gosplan developed these plans based on the theory of the productive forces that formed part of the Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Communist Party for Economic development, development of the economy of the Soviet Union, Soviet economy. Fulfilling the Economy of the Soviet Union#Planning, current plan became the watchword of Soviet Bureaucracy, Soviet bureaucracy. Several Soviet five-year plans did not take up the full period of time assigned to them: some were pronounced successfully completed earlier than expected, some took much longer than ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research And Development
Research and development (R&D or R+D), known in some countries as OKB, experiment and design, is the set of innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products. R&D constitutes the first stage of development of a potential new service or the production process. Although R&D activities may differ across businesses, the primary goal of an R&D department is to new product development, develop new products and services. R&D differs from the vast majority of corporate activities in that it is not intended to yield immediate profit, and generally carries greater risk and an uncertain return on investment. R&D is crucial for acquiring larger shares of the market through new products. ''R&D&I'' represents R&D with innovation. Background New product design and development is often a crucial factor in the survival of a company. In a global industrial landscape that is changing fast, firms must continually revise their design and range of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commonality
In aviation, fleet commonality is the economic and logistic benefits of operating a standardized fleet of aircraft that share common parts, training requirements, or other characteristics. Different types of commonality Commonality policies may be defined in a variety of ways, depending on the operator: * for civilian aircraft: ** By model, same generation (e.g. Boeing "Next Generation" 737-700, 737-800, and 737-900) ** By model, different generations (e.g. Boeing's "Next Generation" 737-700 and 737 MAX-7) ** By family (e.g. Boeing 737) ** Between families (e.g. deck, between Boeing 767-400ER, 777 and 737 NG) ** By manufacturer (e.g. Boeing) ** By engine (e.g. Rolls-Royce RB211) ** Any combination of the above * for military aircraft, the same can be said: ** By model, same generation ** By model, different generations (e.g. General Dynamics F-16A/B, multirole F-16C/D) ** By family (e.g. General Dynamics F-16) *Commonality can also be seen in engines : ** By family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-PFI Soviet/Russian Aircraft Projects
The Soviet post-PFI projects are several Soviet Air Forces, Soviet and Russian Air Force projects initiated to replace the PFI-era aircraft. During the mid-1970s, the Soviets initiated the I-90 fighter project, Sh-90 attack aircraft project, B-90 bomber project and M-67 reconnaissance aircraft project. The I-90 consisted of a heavyweight fighter project (MFI) and a lightweight fighter project (LFI). The LFI was subsequently cancelled and replaced by the LFS during the early-mid-1990s. In the early 2000s, both the MFI and LFS projects were canceled in favor of the Sukhoi PAK FA, PAK FA program. The Sh-90, B-90 and M-67 projects were never realized, although Yakovlev's and Mikoyan's entries for the Sh-90 were based on the Yakovlev Yak-130, Yak-130 and Mikoyan MiG-AT, MiG-AT, respectively. Both are trainer aircraft currently being offered for sale by the two companies, with the Yakovlev Yak-130 accepted into service and starting to replace Aero L-39 Albatros as the primary jet trai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multirole Combat Aircraft
A multirole combat aircraft (MRCA) is a combat aircraft intended to perform different roles in combat. These roles can include air to air combat, air support, aerial bombing, reconnaissance, electronic warfare, and suppression of air defenses. Definition A Multi-role fighter aircraft is a type of military jet that is designed to perform a variety of combat missions rather than being specialized for a single role. These aircraft combine the capabilities of air-to-air fighters and air-to-ground attack aircraft, offering versatility and efficiency on the battlefield. More roles can be added, such as aerial reconnaissance, forward air control, and electronic-warfare aircraft. Attack missions include the subtypes air interdiction, suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD), and close air support (CAS). Multirole vs air-superiority Multirole has also been applied to one aircraft with both major roles, a primary air-to-air combat role, and a secondary role like air-to- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukhoi Su-27
The Sukhoi Su-27 (; NATO reporting name: Flanker) is a Soviet Union, Soviet-origin twinjet, twin-engine supersonic Supermaneuverability, supermaneuverable fighter aircraft designed by Sukhoi. It was intended as a direct competitor for the large US fourth-generation jet fighters such as the Grumman F-14 Tomcat and McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, with range, heavy aircraft ordnance, sophisticated avionics and high maneuverability. The Su-27 was designed for air superiority missions, and subsequent variants are able to perform almost all aerial warfare operations. It was designed with the Mikoyan MiG-29 as its complement. The Su-27 entered service with the Soviet Air Forces in 1985. The primary role was long range air defence against American Strategic Air Command, SAC Rockwell B-1 Lancer, Rockwell B-1B Lancer and Boeing B-52 Stratofortress#B-52G, Boeing B-52G and H Stratofortress bombers, protecting the Soviet coast from aircraft carriers and flying long range fighter escort for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Soviet Union
The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the executive and administrative organ of the highest organ of state power, highest body of state authority, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, All-Union Supreme Soviet. It was formed on 30 December 1922 and abolished on 26 December 1991. The government was headed by a chairman, most commonly referred to as the premier of the Soviet Union, and several Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, deputy chairmen throughout its existence. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), as "Leading role of the party, The leading and guiding force of Soviet society and the nucleus of its political system" per Article 6 of the 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union, state constitution, controlled the government by holding a two-thirds majority in the All-Union Supreme Soviet. The government underwent several name changes throughout its history, and was known as the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union, Council ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
The Lockheed Martin/Boeing F-22 Raptor is an American Twinjet, twin-engine, Jet engine, jet-powered, Night fighter, all-weather, supersonic Stealth aircraft, stealth fighter aircraft. As a product of the United States Air Force's Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) program, the aircraft was designed as an air superiority fighter, but also incorporates attack aircraft, ground attack, electronic-warfare aircraft, electronic warfare, and signals intelligence capabilities. The prime contractor, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin, built most of the F-22 airframe and weapons systems and conducted final assembly, while program partner Boeing Defense, Space & Security, Boeing provided the wings, aft fuselage, avionics integration, and training systems. First flown in 1997, the F-22 descended from the Lockheed YF-22 and was variously designated F-22 and F/A-22 before it formally entered service in December 2005 as the F-22A. Although the U.S. Air Force (USAF) had originally plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stealth Aircraft
Stealth aircraft are designed to avoid detection using a variety of technologies that reduce reflection/emission of radar, infrared, visible light, radio frequency (RF) spectrum, and audio, collectively known as stealth technology. The F-117 Nighthawk was the first operational aircraft explicitly designed around stealth technology. Other examples of stealth aircraft include the Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit, B-2 Spirit, the B-21 Raider, the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor, F-22 Raptor, the F-35 Lightning II, the Chengdu J-20, and the Sukhoi Su-57. While no aircraft is completely invisible to radar, stealth aircraft make it more difficult for conventional radar to detect or track the aircraft effectively, increasing the odds of an aircraft avoiding detection by enemy radar and/or avoiding being successfully targeted by Semi-active radar guidance, radar guided weapons. Stealth is a combination of passive low observable (LO) features and active emitters such as low-probability-of-interc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
