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Mexican Democratic Party (1946)
The Mexican Democratic Party ( es, Partido Demócrata Mexicano, PDM, also known as ''El Partido Gallito Colorado'', "The Little Red Rooster Party") was an ultra-Catholic social conservative political party in Mexico that existed between 1979 and 1997. At its height in 1982, the party had over 500,000 active voters and 12 seats in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies (''Cámara de Diputados''). History Origins The PDM had its origin in the Manuel Torres Bueno wing of the right-wing Catholic and the clerical fascist National Synarchist Union (UNS), who fought openly against anti-Catholic articles of the Constitution of 1917, particularly in the states of Jalisco, Aguascalientes, Querétaro, Guanajuato and Michoacán, the states in which the Cristero War was fought from 1926 to 1929. Whilst the UNS faded after the 1940s it continued as a local group and was boosted, along with a number of other opposition groups, by a series of electoral reforms during the 1970s that introduced an elem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Alliance Party
The Social Alliance Party (), or PAS, was a political party in Mexico. PAS Presidents *(1999 - 2003): José Antonio Calderón Cardoso PAS presidential candidates *(2000): Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano (alliance with PRD, PT, C and PSN to form Alliance for Mexico The Alliance for Mexico () is the name of two multi-party electoral alliances in Mexico, one from 2000 and the other from 2006. 2000 elections In the 2000 general election, Alliance for Mexico was a grouping of the Party of the Democratic Revolut ... coalition) Defunct political parties in Mexico {{Mexico-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clerical Fascism
Clerical fascism (also clero-fascism or clerico-fascism) is an ideology that combines the political and economic doctrines of fascism with clericalism. The term has been used to describe organizations and movements that combine religious elements with fascism, receive support from religious organizations which espouse sympathy for fascism, or fascist regimes in which clergy play a leading role. History The term ''clerical fascism'' (clero-fascism or clerico-fascism) emerged in the early 1920s in the Kingdom of Italy, referring to the faction of the Roman Catholic Partito Popolare Italiano (PPI) which supported Benito Mussolini and his régime. It was supposedly coined by Don Luigi Sturzo, a priest and Christian democrat leader who opposed Mussolini and went into exile in 1924, although the term had also been used before Mussolini's March on Rome in 1922 to refer to Catholics in Northern Italy who advocated a synthesis of Roman Catholicism and fascism. Sturzo made a distinctio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lagos De Moreno
Lagos de Moreno () is a city and municipality in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. Lagos is located in the region of Los Altos de Jalisco, within the macroregion of the Bajío, one of the most highly developed areas in Latin America. Lagos de Moreno is occasionally known as the "Athens of Jalisco", owing to the numerous writers and poets who were born there. Lagos de Moreno was founded as Villa Santa Maria de los Lagos on March 31, 1563, by Don Hernando Martel, an Andalusian conquistador. The town was the economic and cultural center of a region that eventually attracted many ranchers. By 1600 there were over 20,000 cattle in the region. Santa Maria continued growing both physically and culturally, and by the 1800s, the town was elevated to a city and renamed to Lagos de Moreno in honor of Pedro Moreno. Lagos de Moreno was the site of the signing of several important political documents, the two identically named but unrelated ''Convenios de Lagos''. The arts flourished in the city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 Mexican General Election
General elections were held in Mexico on 4 July 1982.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p. 453 The presidential elections were won by Miguel de la Madrid, who received 74% of the vote. In the Chamber of Deputies election, the Institutional Revolutionary Party won 299 of the 372 seats,Nohlen, p468 as well as winning 63 of the 64 seats in the Senate election. Voter turnout was 75% in the presidential election and 73% and 66% for the two parts of the Chamber elections. Rosario Ibarra, who was nominated presidential candidate by the Revolutionary Workers' Party, was the first woman ever to run for president in a Mexican election. These would be the last of the symbolic/non-competitive presidential elections in which the PRI (in power since 1929) and its presidential candidate faced no serious opposition and won by a huge margin. Background The previous presidential elections, celebrated in 1976, had featured only one presidential candi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1979 Mexican Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 1979.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p453 The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won 296 of the 400 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Voter turnout was 49%.Nohlen, p460 They were the first national elections held after the approval of the political reform of 1977, which allowed the Mexican Communist Party, Mexican Democratic Party and the Workers' Socialist Party to obtain legal registration and compete in elections for the first time, as well as increasing the size of the Chamber of Deputies from 237 seats to 400. Background The National Action Party, the only significant opposition to the PRI, did not nominate a presidential candidate in the 1976 general elections due to intense internal conflicts. Subsequently, a legitimacy crisis emerged that called into question the democratic model envisioned in the constitution. Valentín Campa, a well-known union leader and figur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Action Party (Mexico)
The National Action Party ( es, Partido Acción Nacional, PAN) is a conservative political party in Mexico founded in 1939. The party is one of the four main political parties in Mexico, and, since the 1980s, has had success winning local, state, and national elections. In the historic 2000 Mexican general election, PAN candidate Vicente Fox was elected president for the constitutional six-year term; his victory marked the first time in 71 years that the Mexican presidency was not held by a member of the traditional ruling party, the PRI. Six years later, PAN candidate Felipe Calderón succeeded Fox in the presidency following victory in the 2006 presidential election. During the period 2000–2012, PAN was the strongest party in both houses of the Congress of the Union (the federal legislature) but lacked a majority in either house. In the 2006 legislative elections the party won 207 out of 500 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 52 out of 128 Senators. In the 2012 legis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opus Dei
Opus Dei, formally known as the Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei ( la, Praelatura Sanctae Crucis et Operis Dei), is an institution of the Catholic Church whose members seek personal Christian holiness and strive to imbue their work and society with Christian principles. The majority of its membership are lay people; the remainder are secular priests under the governance of a prelate elected by specific members and appointed by the Pope. ''Opus Dei'' is Latin for "Work of God"; hence the organization is often referred to by members and supporters as ''the Work''. Opus Dei was founded in Spain in 1928 by Catholic priest Josemaría Escrivá and was given final Catholic Church approval in 1950 by Pope Pius XII. John Paul II made it a personal prelature in 1982 by the apostolic constitution ''Ut sit''; that is, the jurisdiction of the Opus Dei's head covers members wherever they are, rather than geographical dioceses. On 14 July 2022, Pope Francis issued the apos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proportional Representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to geographical (e.g. states, regions) and political divisions (Political party, political parties) of the electorate. The essence of such systems is that all votes cast - or almost all votes cast - contribute to the result and are actually used to help elect someone—not just a Plurality (voting), plurality, or a bare majority—and that the system produces mixed, balanced representation reflecting how votes are cast. "Proportional" electoral systems mean proportional to ''vote share'' and ''not'' proportional to population size. For example, the United States House of Representatives, US House of Representatives has 435 districts which are drawn so roughly equal or "proportional" numbers of people live within each district, yet members of the House are elected in first-past-the-post e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cristero War
The Cristero War ( es, Guerra Cristera), also known as the Cristero Rebellion or es, La Cristiada, label=none, italics=no , was a widespread struggle in central and western Mexico from 1 August 1926 to 21 June 1929 in response to the implementation of secularist and anticlerical articles of the 1917 Constitution. The rebellion was instigated as a response to an executive decree by Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles to strictly enforce Article 130 of the Constitution, a decision known as Calles Law. Calles sought to eliminate the power of the Catholic Church in Mexico, its affiliated organizations and to suppress popular religiosity. The rural uprising in north-central Mexico was tacitly supported by the Church hierarchy, and was aided by urban Catholic supporters. The Mexican Army received support from the United States. American Ambassador Dwight Morrow brokered negotiations between the Calles government and the Church. The government made some concessions, the Church wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michoacán
Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo (; Purépecha: ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is divided into 113 municipalities and its capital city is Morelia (formerly called Valladolid). The city was named after José María Morelos, a native of the city and one of the main heroes of the Mexican War of Independence. Michoacán is located in Western Mexico, and has a stretch of coastline on the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. It is bordered by the states of Colima and Jalisco to the west and northwest, Guanajuato to the north, Querétaro to the northeast, the State of México to the east, and Guerrero to the southeast. The name Michoacán is from Nahuatl: ''Michhuahcān'' from ''michhuah'' ("possessor of fish") and -''cān'' (place of) and means "place of the fishermen" referring to those who fish on L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guanajuato
Guanajuato (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Guanajuato), is one of the 32 states that make up the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 46 municipalities and its capital city is Guanajuato. Guanajuato is in central Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Jalisco to the west, Zacatecas to the northwest, San Luis Potosí to the north, Querétaro to the east, and Michoacán to the south. It covers an area of . The state is home to several historically important cities, especially those along the "Bicentennial Route", which retraces the path of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla's insurgent army at the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. This route begins at Dolores Hidalgo, and passes through the Sanctuary of Atotonilco, San Miguel de Allende, Celaya, and the capital of Guanajuato. Other important cities in the state include León, the state's biggest city, Salamanca, and Irapuato. The first town establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Querétaro
Querétaro (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro, links=no; Otomi: ''Hyodi Ndämxei''), is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 18 municipalities. Its capital city is Santiago de Querétaro. It is located in north-central Mexico, in a region known as Bajío. It is bordered by the states of San Luis Potosí to the north, Guanajuato to the west, Hidalgo to the east, México to the southeast and Michoacán to the southwest. The state is one of the smallest in Mexico, but also one of the most heterogeneous geographically, with ecosystems varying from deserts to tropical rainforest, especially in the Sierra Gorda, which is filled with microecosystems. The area of the state was located on the northern edge of Mesoamerica, with both the Purépecha Empire and Aztec Empire having influence in the extreme south, but neither really dominating it. The area, especially the Sierra Gorda, had a number of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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