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Megalosaurinae
Megalosauridae is a monophyletic family of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs within the group Megalosauroidea. Appearing in the Middle Jurassic, megalosaurids were among the first major radiation of large theropod dinosaurs. They were a relatively primitive group of basal tetanurans containing two main subfamilies, Megalosaurinae and Afrovenatorinae, along with the basal genus '' Eustreptospondylus'', an unresolved taxon which differs from both subfamilies. The defining megalosaurid, ''Megalosaurus bucklandii'', was first named and described in 1824 by William Buckland after multiple finds in Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK. ''Megalosaurus'' was the first formally described dinosaur and was the basis for the establishment of the clade Dinosauria. It is also one of the largest known Middle Jurassic carnivorous dinosaurs, with the best-preserved femur at 805 mm and a proposed body mass of around 943 kg. Megalosauridae has mainly been recognized as a European group of dinosaur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torvosaurus
''Torvosaurus'' () is a genus of large Megalosaurinae, megalosaurine Theropoda, theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 165 to 148 million years ago during the Callovian to Tithonian ages of the late Middle Jurassic, Middle and Late Jurassic period in what is now Colorado, Portugal, Germany, and possibly England, Spain, Tanzania, and Uruguay. It contains two currently recognized species, ''Torvosaurus tanneri'' and ''Torvosaurus gurneyi'', plus a third unnamed species from Germany. In 1979, the type species ''Torvosaurus tanneri'' was named. Measuring around long and weighing approximately , ''T. tanneri'' was among the largest terrestrial carnivores in North America during the Late Jurassic. Specimens of ''Torvosaurus gurneyi'' were measured up to in length and in body mass, suggesting that it was much larger than ''T. tanneri'' and was the largest terrestrial carnivore in Europe during the Late Jurassic. Based on bone morphology, ''Torvosaurus'' is thought to have had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duriavenator
''Duriavenator'' is a genus of theropod dinosaur that lived in what is now England during the Middle Jurassic, about 168 million years ago. In 1882, upper and lower jaw bones of a dinosaur were collected near Sherborne in Dorset, and Richard Owen considered the fossils to belong to the species ''Megalosaurus, Megalosaurus bucklandii'', the first named non-bird dinosaur. By 1964, the specimen was recognised as belonging to a different species, and in 1974 it was described as a new species of ''Megalosaurus'', ''M. hesperis''; the Specific name (zoology), specific name means 'the West' or 'western'. Later researchers questioned whether the species belonged to ''Megalosaurus'', in which many fragmentary theropods from around the world had historically been placed. After examining the taxonomic issues surrounding ''Megalosaurus'', Roger B. J. Benson moved ''M. hesperis'' to its own genus in 2008, ''Duriavenator''; this name means "Dorset hunter". Estimated to have been long and wei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalosaurus
''Megalosaurus'' (meaning "great lizard", from Ancient Greek, Greek , ', meaning 'big', 'tall' or 'great' and , ', meaning 'lizard') is an extinct genus of large carnivorous theropod dinosaurs of the Middle Jurassic Epoch (Bathonian stage, 166 million years ago) of southern England. Although fossils from other areas have been assigned to the genus, the only certain remains of ''Megalosaurus'' come from Oxfordshire and date to the late Middle Jurassic. The earliest remains of ''Megalosaurus'' were described in the 17th century, and were initially interpreted as the remains of elephants or giants. ''Megalosaurus'' was named in 1824 by William Buckland, becoming the first genus of (non-avian) dinosaur to be validly named. The type species is ''M. bucklandii'', named in 1827 by Gideon Mantell, after Buckland. In 1842, ''Megalosaurus'' was one of three genera on which Richard Owen based his Dinosauria, along with ''Iguanodon'' and ''Hylaeosaurus''. On Owen's directions a model was ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalosauroidea
Megalosauroidea (meaning 'great/big lizard forms') is a superfamily (or clade) of tetanuran theropod dinosaurs that lived from the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous period. The group is defined as '' Megalosaurus bucklandii'' and all taxa sharing a more recent common ancestor with it than with '' Allosaurus fragilis'' or '' Passer domesticus''. Members of the group include ''Spinosaurus'', ''Megalosaurus'', and '' Torvosaurus''. They are possibly paraphyletic in nature with respect to Allosauroidea, which is to say some members of this superfamily might be closer to Allosauroids than to each other, which is undesirable in cladistics. Classification The name Spinosauroidea is sometimes used in place of Megalosauroidea. The superfamily Spinosauroidea was named in 1915 by Ernst Stromer. It is a synonym of Megalosauroidea in almost all modern phylogenetic analyses, and it is therefore redundant. Spinosauroidea was defined as a clade in 1998 by Paul Sereno as the node clade c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalosaurus Bucklandii
''Megalosaurus'' (meaning "great lizard", from Ancient Greek, Greek , ', meaning 'big', 'tall' or 'great' and , ', meaning 'lizard') is an extinct genus of large carnivorous theropod dinosaurs of the Middle Jurassic Epoch (Bathonian stage, 166 million years ago) of southern England. Although fossils from other areas have been assigned to the genus, the only certain remains of ''Megalosaurus'' come from Oxfordshire and date to the late Middle Jurassic. The earliest remains of ''Megalosaurus'' were described in the 17th century, and were initially interpreted as the remains of elephants or giants. ''Megalosaurus'' was named in 1824 by William Buckland, becoming the first genus of (non-avian) dinosaur to be validly named. The type species is ''M. bucklandii'', named in 1827 by Gideon Mantell, after Buckland. In 1842, ''Megalosaurus'' was one of three genera on which Richard Owen based his Dinosauria, along with ''Iguanodon'' and ''Hylaeosaurus''. On Owen's directions a model was ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piveteausaurus
''Piveteausaurus'' (meaning " Jean Piveteau's lizard") is a genus of theropod dinosaur known from a partial skull discovered in the Middle Jurassic Marnes de Dives formation of Calvados, in northern France and lived about 164.7-161.2 million years ago. In 2012 Thomas Holtz gave a possible length of 11 meters (36 feet). History and description The partial braincase that became the type specimen of ''Piveteausaurus'' was first described in 1923 by French paleontologist Jean Piveteau in illustrations and photographs of the specimen (MNHN 1920-7). The braincase is comparable in size to that of a large ''Allosaurus'', and resembles that of another megalosauroid, '' Piatnitzkysaurus'' from Argentina.Rauhut, 2004. Braincase structure of the Middle Jurassic theropod dinosaur ''Piatnitzkysaurus''. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 41, 1109-1122. Piveteau grouped this partial skull with other specimens found earlier in that locality and described in 1808 by French naturalist Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leshansaurus
''Leshansaurus'' is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Shaximiao Formation of what is now China. It was described in 2009 by a team of Chinese paleontologists. The type species is ''Leshansaurus qianweiensis''. Fossils of ''Leshansaurus'' were discovered in strata from the Shangshaximiao Formation, a formation rich in dinosaur fossils. Li ''et al.'' referred this taxon to Sinraptoridae – a group of carnosaurian theropods,F. Li; Peng G.; Ye Y.; Jiang S.; and Huang, D. (2009). "A new carnosaur from the Late Jurassic of Qianwei, Sichuan, China". ''Acta Geologica Sinica'' 83(9): 1203–1213Abstract but it may belong to Megalosauridae instead. Discovery and naming The holotype (QW 200701) was found in 2007. It is a fairly complete skeleton consisting of a partial skull and lower jaws, seven cervical vertebrae, twelve dorsal vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae, two caudal vertebrae, and much of the hind limbs and hands. A second specimen (QW 200702), an isolated femur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dubreuillosaurus
''Dubreuillosaurus'' is a genus of carnivorous dinosaur from the middle Jurassic Period. It is a megalosaurid theropod. Its fossils were found in France. The only named species, ''Dubreuillosaurus valesdunensis'', was originally described as a species of '' Poekilopleuron'', ''Poekilopleuron? valesdunensis'', which is still formally the type species of the genus. It was later renamed ''Dubreuillosaurus valesdunensis'' when, in 2005, Allain came to the conclusion that it was not part of the genus ''Poekilopleuron''. Its type specimen, MNHN 1998-13, is only rivalled in the number of preserved elements in this group by that of '' Eustreptospondylus''. ''Dubreuillosaurus'' is considered to a sister taxon of '' Magnosaurus''. It did not show signs of insular dwarfism even though it was uncovered on an island. Discovery and naming In 1994, the mayor of Conteville in Normandy, André Dubreuil, noted that during land rehabilitation of the old quarry of ''Pierre de Caen'', dinosaur bone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrovenator
''Afrovenator'' (; "African hunter") is a genus of megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Middle or Late Jurassic Period on the Tiourarén Formation and maybe the Irhazer II Formation of the Niger Sahara region in Western Africa. ''Afrovenator'' represents the only properly identified Gondwanan megalosaur, with proposed material of the group present in the Late Jurassic on Tacuarembó Formation of Uruguay and the Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania. Discovery and naming The remains of ''Afrovenator'' were discovered in 1993 in the Tiourarén Formation of the department of Agadez in Niger. The Tiourarén was originally thought to represent the Hauterivian to Barremian stages of the early Cretaceous Period, or approximately 132 to 125 million years ago (Sereno et al. 1994). However, re-interpretation of the sediments showed that they are probably Middle to Late Jurassic in age, dating ''Afrovenator'' to the Bathonian to Oxfordian stages, between 167 and 161 mya. The saurop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eustreptospondylus
''Eustreptospondylus'' ( ;), from Ancient Greek εὖ (''eû''), meaning "well", στρεπτός (''streptós''), meaning "twisted", and σπόνδυλος (''spóndulos''), meaning "vertebra", is a genus of megalosaurid theropod dinosaur, from the Callovian and Kimmeridgian stages of the Jurassic period (some time between 166 and 154 million years ago) in southern England, at a time when Europe was a series of scattered islands (due to tectonic movement at the time which raised the sea-bed and flooded the lowland). Discovery and naming In 1870, workers at the Summertown Brick Pit, just north of Oxford, England, found the skeleton of a theropod. The remains were acquired by the local bookseller James Parker, who brought them to the attention of Oxford Professor John Phillips. Phillips described the bones in 1871, but did not name them. At the time, the remains represented the most complete skeleton of a large theropod ever found. ''Eustreptospondylus'' is still the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnosaurus
''Magnosaurus'' (meaning 'large lizard') was a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of England. It is based on fragmentary remains and has often been confused with or included in ''Megalosaurus''. History and taxonomy In 1923, Friedrich von Huene named ''Megalosaurus nethercombensis'' from a partial skeleton (OUM J12143) from the Bajocian age Middle Jurassic Inferior Oolite, found in the nineteenth century by W. Parker near Nethercomb, north of Sherborne, in Dorset, England. The material included partial dentaries, dorsal and caudal vertebrae, a partial ilium, a partial right pubis, internal casts of the femora, and tibiae, from a possible juvenile individual. Huene interpreted it as a more primitive species of ''Megalosaurus''.von Huene, F. (1923). Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic. ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of America'' 34:449-458. In 1926, he named the tooth species ''Megalosaurus lydekkeri'' for a specimen, BMNH 41352, from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streptospondylus
''Streptospondylus'', from Ancient Greek στρεπτός (''streptós''), meaning "twisted", and σπόνδυλος (''spóndulos''), meaning "vertebra", is a genus of tetanuran theropod dinosaur known from the Late Jurassic period of France, 161 million years ago. It was a medium-sized predator with an estimated length of 6 meters (19.5 ft) and a weight of 500 kg (1,100 lbs). Discovery and naming ''Streptospondylus'' was one of the first dinosaurs collected and was the first described, though not the first dinosaur named. It was not recognised as a theropod dinosaur until 2001. In 1778, abbey Charles Bacheley, a Norman naturalist, reported the presence of fossil bones in the Callovo-Oxfordian formations, either the Marnes de Dives or the overlying Marnes de Villers, probably the former, exposed at the foot of the Vaches Noires cliffs between Villers-sur-Mer and Houlgate.Brignon, A. (2016) Abbé Bacheley and the discovery of the first dinosaurs and mari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
