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Marionberry
The marionberry (''Rubus L.'' subgenus ''Rubus'') is a cultivar of blackberry developed by the USDA ARS breeding program in cooperation with Oregon State University. A cross between the ' Chehalem' and 'Olallie' varieties,Oregon Raspberry & Blackberry Commission it is the most common form of blackberry cultivated., , '' |
Olallieberry
The olallieberry ( ), sometimes spelled ollalieberry, olallaberry, olalliberry, ollalaberry or ollaliberry, is the marketing name for the 'Olallie' blackberry released by the USDA-ARS (in collaboration with Oregon State University). The berry was a selection from a cross between the 'Black Logan' (syn. 'Mammoth'), developed by James Harvey Logan, Judge James Logan in California, and the youngberry, which was developed by Byrnes M. Young in Louisiana. According to Judge Logan, 'Black Logan' was a cross between the eastern blackberry 'Crandall' and the western dewberry 'Aughinbaugh'. 'Youngberry' was from 'Phenomenal' x 'Austin Mayes'. 'Phenomenal' in turn is a cross of the 'Aughinbaugh' western dewberry and 'Cuthbert' red raspberry and so has a similar background to Logan's 'Loganberry' because it shares a parent. Development and cultivation The original plant breeding, cross was made in 1935 by George Waldo with the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chehalem Blackberry
The Chehalem berry is a cross between the Himalayan blackberry and the Santiam berry, which is itself a cross between the California blackberry and the loganberry. It was first bred in 1936 by George F. Waldo of the USDA, who also developed the Olallie and Marion berries. The Chehalem berry is smaller than the loganberry with bright skin, a shiny black color and small seeds. The flavor is strong and especially good for frozen products. The word ''Chehalem'' is derived from Kalapuyan word to a group of the Atfalati tribe in 1877. It is also the name of the highest mountains in the Willamette Valley, near Portland. The berry is well adapted to the Pacific Coast, (of USA) and is vigorous and productive in moist, rich soil. It has been grown to some extent commercially in Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus ''Rubus'' in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus ''Rubus'', and hybrids between the subgenera ''Rubus'' and ''Idaeobatus''. The taxonomy of blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis, so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates. For example, the entire subgenus ''Rubus'' has been called the ''Rubus fruticosus'' aggregate, although the species ''R. fruticosus'' is considered a synonym of '' R. plicatus''. ''Rubus armeniacus'' ("Himalayan" blackberry) is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in many regions of the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, where it grows out of control in urban and suburban parks and woodlands. Description What distinguishes the blackberry from its raspberry relatives is whether or not the torus ( receptacle or stem) "picks with" (i.e., stays with) th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Armeniacus
''Rubus armeniacus'', the Himalayan blackberry or Armenian blackberry, is a species of ''Rubus'' in the blackberry group ''Rubus'' subgenus ''Rubus'' series ''Discolores'' (P.J. Müll.) Focke. It is native to Armenia and Northern Iran, and widely naturalised elsewhere. Both its scientific name and origin have been the subject of much confusion, with much of the literature referring to it as either ''Rubus procerus'' or ''Rubus discolor'', and often mistakenly citing its origin as western European.Ceska, A. (1999). ''Rubus armeniacus'' - a correct name for Himalayan Blackberries ''Botanical Electronic News'' 230. AvailablonlineFlora of NW Europe''Rubus armeniacus''/ref> Flora of North America, published in 2014, considers the taxonomy unsettled, and tentatively uses the older name ''Rubus bifrons''. In some areas, the plant is cultivated for its berries, but in many areas it is considered a noxious weed and an invasive species. Description ''Rubus armeniacus'' is a perennial pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loganberry
The loganberry (''Rubus'' × ''loganobaccus'') is a hybrid of the North American blackberry ('' Rubus ursinus'') and the European raspberry ('' Rubus idaeus''). The plant and the fruit resemble the blackberry more than the raspberry, but the fruit color is a dark red, rather than black as in blackberries. Loganberries – which were an accident of berry breeding by James Harvey Logan, for whom they are named – are cultivated commercially and by gardeners. Origin The loganberry was derived from a cross between '' Rubus ursinus'' (''R. vitifolius'') 'Aughinbaugh' (octaploid) as the female parent and '' Rubus idaeus'' 'Red Antwerp' (diploid) as the male parent (pollen source); the loganberry is hexaploid. It was accidentally created in 1881 in Santa Cruz, California, by the American judge and horticulturist James Harvey Logan (1841–1928). Logan was unsatisfied with the existing varieties of blackberries and tried crossing two varieties of blackberries to produce a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willamette Valley
The Willamette Valley ( ) is a long valley in Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The Willamette River flows the entire length of the valley and is surrounded by mountains on three sides: the Cascade Range to the east, the Oregon Coast Range to the west, and the Calapooya Mountains to the south. The valley is synonymous with the cultural and political heart of Oregon and is home to approximately 70 percent of its population including the five largest cities in the state: Portland, Eugene, Salem, Gresham, and Hillsboro. The valley's numerous waterways, particularly the Willamette River, are vital to the economy of Oregon, as they continuously deposit highly fertile alluvial soils across its broad, flat plain. A massively productive agricultural area, the valley was widely publicized in the 1820s as a "promised land of flowing milk and honey." Throughout the 19th century, it was the destination of choice for the oxen-drawn wagon trains of emigra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus
''Rubus'' is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, with over 1,350 species. Raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries are common, widely distributed members of the genus. Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The ''Rubus'' fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term "cane fruit" or "cane berry" applies to any ''Rubus'' species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes. Description Most species in the genus are hermaphrodites, '' Rubus chamaemorus'' being an exception. ''Rubus'' species have a basic chromosome number of seven. Polyploidy from the diploid (14 chromosomes) to the tetrade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crops Originating From North America
A crop is a plant that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence. When the plants of the same kind are cultivated at one place on a large scale, it is called a crop. Most crops are cultivated in agriculture or hydroponics. Crops may include macroscopic fungus (e.g. mushrooms) and marine macroalga (e.g. seaweed), some of which are grown in aquaculture. Most crops are harvested as food for humans or fodder for livestock. Some crops are gathered from the wild often in a form of intensive gathering (e.g. ginseng, yohimbe, and eucommia). Important non-food crops include horticulture, floriculture and industrial crops. Horticulture crops include plants used for other crops (e.g. fruit trees). Floriculture crops include bedding plants, houseplants, flowering garden and pot plants, cut cultivated greens, and cut flowers. Industrial crops are produced for clothing (fiber crops e.g. cotton), biofuel (energy crops, algae fuel), or medicine (medicinal plants). Impo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berries
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit, although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples are strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, blackberries, red currants, white currants and blackcurrants. In Britain, soft fruit is a horticultural term for such fruits. In common usage, the term "berry" differs from the scientific or botanical definition of a fruit produced from the ovary of a single flower in which the outer layer of the ovary wall develops into an edible fleshy portion ( pericarp). The botanical definition includes many fruits that are not commonly known or referred to as berries, such as grapes, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, bananas, and chili peppers. Fruits commonly considered berries but excluded by the botanical definition include strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries, which are aggregate fruits and mulberries, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boysenberry
The boysenberry is a cross between the European raspberry ('' Rubus idaeus''), European blackberry (''Rubus fruticosus''), American dewberry ('' Rubus aboriginum''), and loganberry (''Rubus'' × ''loganobaccus''). It is a large aggregate fruit, with large seeds and a deep maroon color. History The exact origins of the boysenberry are unclear, but the most definite records trace the plant as it is known today back to grower Rudolph Boysen, who obtained the dewberry–loganberry parent from the farm of John Lubben. In the late 1920s, George M. Darrow of the USDA began tracking down reports of a large, reddish-purple berry that had been grown on Boysen's farm in Anaheim, California. Darrow enlisted the help of Walter Knott, another farmer, who was known as a berry expert. Knott had never heard of the new berry, but he agreed to help Darrow in his search. Darrow and Knott learned that Boysen had abandoned his growing experiments several years earlier and sold his farm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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