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Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 331 BC)
Marcus Claudius Marcellus was consul in 331 BC with Gaius Valerius Potitus. His son, also named Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 287 BC), Marcus Claudius Marcellus, was consul in 287 BC. In 327 BC, consul Lucius Cornelius Lentulus (consul 327 BC), Lucius Cornelius Lentulus named Claudius Roman dictator, dictator for the purpose of holding elections. The augurs were consulted and disapproved, instigating an ''interregnum'' which lasted until the 14th interrex, Lucius Aemilius, installed consuls Gaius Poetelius and Lucius Papirius Cursor.Titus Livius, ''Ab urbe condita'', viii. 23 References {{DEFAULTSORT:Claudius Marcellus, Marcus 4th-century BC Roman consuls Claudii Marcelli, Marcellus, Marcus Ancient Roman dictators ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consul
Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states through antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular in the Republics of Genoa and Pisa, then revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic. The related adjective is consular, from the Latin '' consularis''. This usage contrasts with modern terminology, where a consul is a type of diplomat. Roman consul A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic (509 to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the highest level of the '' cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politicians aspired). Consuls were elected to office and held power for one year. There were always two consuls in power at any time. Other uses in antiquity Private sphere It was not uncommon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Republican Roman Consuls
This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief magistrates of the Roman state. Traditionally, two were simultaneously appointed for a year-long term, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years since the foundation of the city, although that method could also be used. If a consul died during his year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th-century BC Roman Consuls
The 4th century was the time period from 301 CE (represented by the Roman numerals CCCI) to 400 CE (CD) in accordance with the Julian calendar. In the West, the early part of the century was shaped by Constantine the Great, who became the first Roman emperor to adopt Christianity. Gaining sole reign of the empire, he is also noted for re-establishing a single imperial capital, choosing the site of ancient Byzantium in 330 (over the current capitals, which had effectively been changed by Diocletian's reforms to Milan in the West, and Nicomedia, Nicomedeia in the East) to build the city soon called Nova Roma (New Rome); it was later renamed Constantinople in his honor. The last emperor to control both the eastern and western halves of the empire was Theodosius I. As the century progressed after his death, it became increasingly apparent that the empire had changed in many ways since the time of Augustus. The two-emperor system originally established by Diocletian in the previous c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Plautius Venox
Lucius is a masculine given name derived from Lucius (Latin ; ), abbreviated L., one of the small group of common Latin forenames () found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius probably derives from Latin word ( gen. ), meaning "light" (< *''leuk-'', "brightness"), related to the Latin verb ("to shine") and to the name . Another proposed etymology is derivation from ''Lauchum'' (or ''Lauchme'') meaning " |
Lucius Papirius Crassus (consul 336 BC)
Lucius Papirius Crassus was a Roman politician. He was appointed Roman dictator, dictator in 340 BC, and consul in 336 BC and 330 BC. Lucius Papirius was from the Papiria gens (family) in Rome. Dictatorship of 340 BC Lucius Papirius Crassus was appointed dictator in 340 BC by Titus Manlius Torquatus (consul 347 BC), Titus Manlius Torquatus after the death of Publius Decius Mus (consul 340 BC), Publius Decius Mus in the Battle of Vesuvius and the failing health of Titus Manlius Torquatus. Following his appointment as dictator, Lucius Papirius Crassus appointed his relative Lucius Papirius Cursor as his Master of Horse. The people of Antium soon began conducting raids against the farmlands of Ostia, Ardea, and Solonium but no significant advantages were gained by Lucius Papirius against these people. First Consulship of 336 BC Four years after serving as dictator, Lucius Papirius was elected consul along with Caecilius Duilius in 336 BC. This year is noted mostly for a war between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aulus Cornelius Cossus Arvina
Aulus Cornelius Cossus Arvina was a Roman statesman and general who served as both consul and Magister Equitum twice, and Dictator in 322 BC.William Smith, "Arvina 1", No. 1, in ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 378. Family Cossus was a member of the patrician gens Cornelia. The Cornelii were one of the most important families of the Roman Republic, first attaining the consulship in 485 BC, and remaining prominent throughout the next four hundred years, producing figures such as Scipio Africanus and Sulla. Cossus was the son of Publius and grandson of Aulus,Broughton, vol. I, p. 125. and was a descendant of the Aulus Cornelius Cossus who as consul in 428 BC slew Lars Tolumnius, the King of Veii, to obtain the ''spolia opima''. Publius Cornelius Arvina, consul in 306 and 288 BC, was probably his son. Career Magister equitum Cossus first appears in history in 353 BC as magister equitum serving under the dictator Titus Manlius Torquatus.Livy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus (consul 331 BC)
Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus was a Roman general, senator and consul (both in 53 BC and 40 BC) who was a loyal partisan of Caesar and Octavianus. Biography Domitius Calvinus came from a noble family and was elected consul for 53 BC, despite a notorious electoral scandal. He was on Caesar's side during the Civil War with Pompey. During the campaign in Greece, Caesar sent Domitius with two legions to intercept Metellus Scipio who was bringing the Syrian legions to Pompey. At the decisive Battle of Pharsalus he commanded the centre of Caesar's army. After the battle he became governor of Asia. He tried to oppose the invasion of Pharnaces, the king of Bosphorus, who had taken the occasion of the Roman civil war to invade the province of Pontus; however, he suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Nicopolis in Armenia (December of 48 BC). Direct intervention by Caesar brought a quick end to the conflict, and Pharnaces' army was annihilated at Zela in 47 BC. Despite this failure, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic ( ) was the era of Ancient Rome, classical Roman civilisation beginning with Overthrow of the Roman monarchy, the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium. During this period, Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean world. Roman society at the time was primarily a cultural mix of Latins (Italic tribe), Latin and Etruscan civilization, Etruscan societies, as well as of Sabine, Oscan, and Greek cultural elements, which is especially visible in the Ancient Roman religion and List of Roman deities, its pantheon. Its political organisation developed at around the same time as direct democracy in Ancient Greece, with collective and annual magistracies, overseen by Roman Senate, a senate. There were annual elections, but the republican system was an elective olig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Papirius Cursor
Lucius Papirius Cursor (c.365–after 310 BC) was a celebrated politician and general of the early Roman Republic, who was five times consul, three times magister equitum, and twice Roman dictator, dictator. He was the most important Roman commander during the Samnite Wars, Second Samnite War (327–304 BC), during which he received three Roman triumph, triumphs. He was a member of the Patrician (ancient Rome), patrician gens ''Papirius, Papiria'' of ancient Rome. Cursor's strictness was proverbial; he was a man of immense bodily strength, while his bravery was beyond dispute. He was given the cognomen Cursor from his swiftness of foot. Most of what is known of Cursor's life comes from the monumental ''Ab Urbe Condita Libri, History of Rome'' written by Livy during the reign of Augustus. Livy portrayed Cursor as an invincible hero, who avenged the humiliation of the Battle of the Caudine Forks, Caudine Forks in 321 BC, when the Roman army had to pass under the yoke. In a famous di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Valerius Potitus
Gaius Valerius Potitus was consul with M. Claudius Marcellus in 331 BC and was aedile in 329 BC. His father was Gaius Valerius Potitus ('' Tribuni militum consulari potestate'' in 370 BC) and his brother was Lucius Valerius Potitus (''magister equitum'' in 331 BC). During his consulship, Valerius carried out the execution of some 170 women accused of murdering their husbands with poison. They were all convicted on the testimony of one slave girl. During his term as aedile, Valerius brought Marcus Flavius to trial for adultery. During the trial, Valerius lost his temper and claimed he didn't care whether or not he was ruining an innocent man as long as Flavius was being ruined. Because of this he failed to convict Flavius.Valerius Maximus Valerius Maximus () was a 1st-century Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes: ' ("Nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' or ''Facta et dicta memorabilia''). He wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interrex
The interrex (plural interreges) was an extraordinary magistrate during the Roman Kingdom and Republic. Initially, the interrex was appointed after the death of the king of Rome until the election of his successor, hence its name—a ruler "between kings" (). The position was retained during the Republic when both consuls were unable to assume their duties, especially holding elections. Interreges ruled for only five days, which often led several of them to be appointed in succession, the record being 15 interreges in 326 BC. They were exclusively chosen from among patrician senators, and during the Conflict of the Orders, their appointment was sometimes designed to hinder plebeians from reaching power or passing laws. As with the dictatorship, interreges are mostly found until the time of the Second Punic War. The position was only resurrected by Sulla in 82 BC so he could become dictator, and between 55 and 52 BC, when Pompey disturbed the constitution for his own benefit. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interregnum
An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of revolutionary breach of legal continuity, discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one monarch and the next (coming from Latin ''inter-'', "between" and ''rēgnum'', "reign" [from ''rex, rēgis'', "king"]), and the concepts of interregnum and Regent, regency therefore overlap. Historically, longer and heavier interregna have been typically accompanied by widespread unrest, Civil war, civil and War of succession, succession wars between warlords, and power vacuums filled by foreign invasions or the emergence of a new power. The term also refers to the periods between the election of a new parliament and the establishment of a new government from that parliament in parliamentary democracies, usually ones that employ some form of proportional representation that allows small parties to elect significant numbers, requiring time f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
