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Manifesto Of The Province Of Flanders
The Manifesto of the Province of Flanders (1790 Dutch: ''Manifest van de Provintie van Vlaenderen''; modern Dutch: ''Manifest van de Provincie Vlaanderen'') was the declaration of independence of the county of Flanders on 4 January 1790, during the Brabantine Revolution. On this day, the States of Flanders "solemnly declare[d] in the name of the People, the province of Flanders to be an independent State, and definitively withdrawn from its loyalty and obedience to Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, emperor Joseph II, count of Flanders, and from the Habsburg monarchy, House of Austria." The States also declared "all officials, lieges and other servants, whoever they may be, free and absolved from all concluded and indebted contracts, and discharged from every oath done to the fallen count of Flanders." Resistance against the reign of Joseph II in the Austrian Netherlands, which worsened in 1786–87 when a number of States refused to pay their taxes (''beden'') and the ''Vogt, landvoog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manifest Van De Provintie Van Vlaenderen
Manifest may refer to: Computing * Manifest file, a metadata file that enumerates files in a program or package * Manifest (CLI), a metadata text file for CLI assemblies Events * Manifest (convention), a defunct anime festival in Melbourne, Australia * Manifest (urban arts festival), put on by Columbia College Chicago, in Illinois, US Film and television * ''Manifest: The Chryzinium Era'', a 2017 American short film * Manifest (TV series), ''Manifest'' (TV series), a 2018 American drama series * Manifest (Luke Cage), "Manifest" (''Luke Cage''), a television episode Music Albums * Manifest (Amaranthe album), ''Manifest'' (Amaranthe album), 2020 * Manifest (Impaled Nazarene album), ''Manifest'' (Impaled Nazarene album), 2007 * Manifest (Linda Sundblad album), ''Manifest'' (Linda Sundblad album), 2010 * ''Manifest!'', by Friends, 2012 * ''Manifest'', by Chessie (band), Chessie, 2008 Songs * "Manifest", by Andrew Bird from ''My Finest Work Yet'' * "Manifest", by the Fugees from ''T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breda
Breda ( , , , ) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southern part of the Netherlands, located in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Brabant. The name derived from ''brede Aa'' ('wide Aa' or 'broad Aa') and refers to the confluence of the rivers Mark (Dintel), Mark and Aa of Weerijs, Aa. Breda has 185,072 inhabitants on 13 September 2022 and is part of the Brabantse Stedenrij; it is the tenth largest city/municipality in the country, and the third largest in North Brabant after Eindhoven and Tilburg. It is equidistant from Rotterdam and Antwerp. As a Defensive wall, fortified city, it was of strategic military and political significance. Although a direct fiefdom of the Holy Roman Emperor, the city obtained a City rights in the Low Countries, municipal charter; the acquisition of Breda, through marriage, by the House of Orange-Nassau, House of Nassau ensured that Breda would be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confederation
A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a political union of sovereign states united for purposes of common action. Usually created by a treaty, confederations of states tend to be established for dealing with critical issues, such as defence, foreign relations, internal trade or currency, with the central government being required to provide support for all its members. Confederalism represents a main form of intergovernmentalism, defined as any form of interaction around states that takes place on the basis of sovereign independence or government. The nature of the relationship among the member states constituting a confederation varies considerably. Likewise, the relationship between the member states and the general government and their distribution of powers varies. Some looser confederations are similar to intergovernmental organization, international organisations. Other confederations with stricter rules may resemble federal systems. These elements o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Union (1790)
The Treaty of Union (; ) was a treaty that led to the creation of the United Belgian States, a confederal republic of territories of the Austrian Netherlands that were in revolt against Emperor Joseph II of Austria during the Brabant Revolution (1789–1790). It was signed by representatives of the provinces of Brabant, Flanders, , Tournai and Tournaisis, Hainaut, Namur, Limburg and the Lands of Overmaas, Austrian Upper Guelders, and Mechelen in the States General of the Southern Netherlands (which thereby reconstituted themselves as the Sovereign Congress) on 11 January 1790, and ratified by the various provinces on 20 January 1790, after which it came into effect. The Duchy of Luxemburg did not sign or ratify the treaty, and therefore never became a part of the United Belgian States. Content This section includes a short summary of each article of the treaty. Article I: The provinces unite into the United Belgian States. Article II: The provinces give congress the followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States-Provincial
The provincial council (, PS), also known as the States-Provincial, is the provincial parliament and legislative assembly in each of the provinces of the Netherlands. It is elected for each province simultaneously once every four years and has the responsibility for matters of sub-national or regional importance. The number of seats in a provincial council is proportional to its population. The provincial councils originated as The Estates, Estates assemblies in the Middle Ages, hence the name 'States Provincial'. From 1813 to 1850, the nobility, noble members of the ''ridderschap'' chose one-third of the members of the provincial councils. Johan Rudolf Thorbecke's reforms and his 'Provinces Law' (''Provinciewet'') of 1850 brought this privilege to an end. The provincial council chooses the provincial executive, which is the Executive (government), executive organ of the province. Originally, the States Provincial themselves also had executive powers and chose the provincial e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Declaration Of Independence
The Declaration of Independence, formally The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen States of America in the original printing, is the founding document of the United States. On July 4, 1776, it was adopted unanimously by the Second Continental Congress, who convened at Pennsylvania State House, later renamed Independence Hall, in the Colonial history of the United States, colonial capital of Philadelphia. These delegates became known as the nation's Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Fathers. The Declaration explains why the Thirteen Colonies regarded themselves as independent sovereign states no longer subject to British colonization of the Americas, British colonial rule, and has become one of the most circulated, reprinted, and influential documents in history. On June 11, 1776, the Second Continental Congress appointed the Committee of Five, including John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert R. Livingston, and Roger Sherman, who were charged w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Joseph Raepsaet
Jean-Joseph Raepsaet (29 December 1750 in Oudenaarde – 19 February 1832) was a Belgian politician and historian. Biography Jean-Joseph Raepsaet was born to a family that had grown from rural civil servants in the south-east of the County of Flanders in the Austrian Netherlands in the Holy Roman Empire to the highest ranks of society. He was the grandson of Jan Arent Raepsaet (1680-1752), scribe of Heestert, and Agnes Valcke. His father, Jan Raepsaet (died 1774) was the lawyer and clerk of the Castellany of Oudenaarde, and his mother was Maria Joanna Vispoel, daughter of the Grand Pensionary of Oudenaarde. Raepsaet went to school in Oudenaarde and high school in Menen and Bergen. He studied philosophy and law at the University of Louvain, where he received his degree in law on 17 December 1772. A month later, on 16 January 1773, he became a lawyer at the Council of Flanders. He settled down in his hometown and became clerk of the chancellery. He became one of the leading voices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karel Jozef De Graeve
Karel Jozef de Graeve (October 23, 1731, Ursel – August 2, 1805, Sint-Denijs-Westrem) − usually written Charles-Joseph De Grave after the French invasion− was Raadsheer in the Flemish Court and author of juridical, officialese and historical works. Life Karel Jozef de Graeve was born in 1731 (according to some sources in 1736) as son of Regina Verstraeten and Jan de Graeve, Secretary to the parish of Ursel. He studied literature, philosophy and law at the Old University of Leuven. In 1789, over the age of fifty, he married Françoise Cathérine Kervyn de Oud Mooreghem (1744-1824), widow of Jean-Pierre Zoetaert, Secretary to the Raad van Vlaanderen, the highest court of the County of Flanders. In 1760 Karel Jozef de Graeve became lawyer in Gent and for some time functioned as Pensionary to the city of Bruges. In Ghent again from 1773 he worked as schepen to the local government and was mainly occupied with the city finances. As such he was second in command after fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pars Pro Toto
; ; ), is a figure of speech where the name of a ''portion'' of an object, place, or concept is used or taken to represent its entirety. It is distinct from a merism, which is a reference to a whole by an enumeration of parts; and metonymy, where an object, place, or concept is called by something or some place associated with it. It is a form of synecdoche, which can refer both to and its inverse, . In the context of language, means that something is named after a part or subset of it or after a limited characteristic, which in itself is not necessarily representative of the whole. For example, "eyeglasses, glasses" is a name for something that consists of more than just two pieces of glass (the frame, nose bridge, temples, etc. as well as the lenses). usage is especially common in political geography, with examples including "Russia" or "Russians", referring to the political institution (both historically and contemporary) or its people; "Holland" for the Netherlands; and, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Luxembourg
The Duchy of Luxembourg (; ; ; ) was a Imperial state, state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg. The House of Luxembourg became one of the most important political forces in the 14th century, competing against the House of Habsburg for supremacy in Central Europe. They would be the heirs to the Přemyslid dynasty in the Kingdom of Bohemia, succeeding to the Kingdom of Hungary and contributing four Holy Roman Emperors until their own line of male heirs came to an end and the House of Habsburg received the territories that the two Houses had originally agreed upon in the Treaty of Brünn in 1364. In 1443, the duchy passed to Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy of the French House of Valois-Burgundy, House of Valois, and, in 1477, by marriage to Archduke Maximilian I of Austria of the House of Habsburg. The Seventeen Provinces of the former Burgundian Netherlands were formed into an integral union by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Netherlands
The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were the parts of the Low Countries belonging to the Holy Roman Empire which were at first largely controlled by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1556–1714) and later by the Austrian Habsburgs (Austrian Netherlands, 1714–1794) until occupied and annexed by Revolutionary France (1794–1815). The region also included a number of smaller states that were never ruled by Spain or Austria: the Prince-Bishopric of Liège, the Imperial Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy, the County of Bouillon, the County of Horne and the Princely Abbey of Thorn. The Southern Netherlands comprised most of modern-day Belgium and Luxembourg, small parts of the modern Netherlands and Germany (the Upper Guelders region, as well as the Bitburg area in Germany, then part of Luxembourg), in addition to (until 1678) most of the present Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, and Longwy area in northern France. The (southern) Upper Guelders region consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Namur
The County of Namur () was a county of the Holy Roman Empire with its military and administrative capital at the town of Namur (city), Namur, at the merging of the Sambre and Meuse rivers in what is now Wallonia, French-speaking Belgium. Under this name it existed from about 990 until about 1790. Like most of what is now Belgium, during the 15th century the County of Namur became part of the Burgundian Netherlands, which subsequently became a possession of the Kings of Spain, and later of Austria. Like its neighbours, the county ceased to exist during the French Revolution, when the entire region was conquered by the revolutionary French Republic. The modern Belgian provinces, Belgian province of Namur (province), Namur is larger than the old county. The boundaries of the province are based upon those of the French Departments of France, départment of Sambre-et-Meuse, and stretch further eastwards and southwards. Prehistory to the Roman period The city of Namur most likely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
