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Madhavrao Peshwa
Madhavrao I (formerly known as Madhavrao Ballal Bhat) was the second son of Peshwa Balaji Bajirao and grandson of Peshwa Bajirao I, who served as the 9th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. During his tenure, the Maratha Empire recovered from losses suffered during the Third Battle of Panipat, known as the Maratha Resurrection. He is regarded as the greatest of all Peshwas by R.C Majumdar. Early life and ascendancy to Peshwa Madhavrao Bhat was the second son of Peshwa Nanasaheb, the son of Bajirao. He was born in Savanur on 15 February 1745. After his father's death, the sixteen-year-old Madhavrao was made the next Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy. His paternal uncle, Raghunathrao, was to act as regent. Disputes with Ragunathrao On August 22, 1762, Raghunathrao fled to Vadgaon Maval where he started grooming his army against Madhavrao. Raghunathrao's men started looting the nearby villages for warfare, and this act angered Madhavrao. He decided to wage a war against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peshwa
The Peshwa was the second highest office in the Maratha Empire, next in rank and prestige only to that of the Chhatrapati. Initially serving as the appointed prime minister in the Maratha Kingdom, the office became hereditary when Shahu gave the seat of Peshwa to Bajirao I, Bajirao Ballal. During the reign of Shahu, the office of Peshwa grew in power and the Peshwas came to be the ''de facto'' rulers of the Maratha Confederacy. Eventually, the Chhatrapati title became titular and the main heads were the Peshwas according to the Sangola pact. All Peshwas during the rule of Shivaji, Sambhaji and Rajaram I, Rajaram belonged to Marathi people, Marathi Deshastha Brahmin community. The first Peshwa was Moropant Trimbak Pingle, Moropant Pingle, who was appointed as the head of the Ashta Pradhan (council of eight ministers) by Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Kingdom. The initial Peshwas were all ministers who served as the chief executives to the king. The later Peshwas held the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamsher Bahadur I (Krishna Rao)
Shamsher Bahadur I ( born Krishna Rao 1734 – 18 January 1761), was a ruler of the Maratha dominion of Banda in northern India. He was the son of Peshwa Bajirao I and Mastani. Early life Krishna Rao was the son of Peshwa Baji Rao I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of KingChhatrasal and his muslim concubine, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted his son to be accepted as a Hindu Brahmin, but because his mother was a Muslim, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu upanayana ceremony for him. Thus, Bajirao ordered that he be raised as a Muslim. His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though many Maratha nobles and chiefs did not recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa. After the death of both Baji Rao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of Kashibai, Baji Rao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar daughter of Abdul Momin (Lakshadhira Dalpatrao Pawar) on 14 January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bajirao
Bajirao I (né Visaji, ; 18 August 1700 – 28 April 1740) was the 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. He was appointed Peshwa at the age of nineteen by Shahu I, following the death of his father, Balaji Vishwanath. He is credited with establishing the Marathas as the supreme power in the Indian subcontinent, displacing Mughal Empire, Mughal dominance. In the Deccan Plateau, Deccan region, the Nizam of Hyderabad emerged as a major power. The relations between the two states deteriorated after the Marathas under the leadership of Fateh Singh Bhonsle invaded Karnataka in 1725, which came under the Nizam's influence. Alarmed by these incursions, the Nizam decided to contest the Maratha taxation rights in the Deccan granted via Balaji Vishwanath#Northward expansion, the Mughal-Maratha treaty of 1718-19 and attacked Pune. Bajirao in response led a campaign against the Nizam in which the latter suffered a decisive defeat at the Battle of Palkhed. This victory solidified the Marathas' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanasaheb
Balaji Baji Rao (8 December 1720 – 23 June 1761), often referred to as Nana Saheb I, was the 8th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. He was appointed as Peshwa in 1740 upon the death of his father, Peshwa Bajirao I. During his tenure, the Chhatrapati (Maratha Emperor) was a mere figurehead. At the same time, the Maratha empire started transforming into a confederacy, in which individual chiefs—such as the Holkars, the Scindias and the Bhonsles of Nagpur kingdom—became more powerful. During Balaji Rao's tenure, the Maratha territory reached its zenith. A large part of this expansion, however, was led by the individual chiefs of the Maratha Empire. Balaji Bajirao's administration worked with his cousin Sadashivrao Bhau, introducing new legislative and financial systems in the state. Under his leadership, the borders of the Maratha Empire expanded to Peshawar in present-day Pakistan, Srirangapatna in Karnataka, and Medinipur in West Bengal. Nanasaheb built canals, bridges, templ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Battle Of Panipat
The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 between the Maratha Empire and the invading army of the Durrani Empire. The battle took place in and around the city of Panipat, approximately north of Delhi. The Afghan (ethnonym), Afghans were supported by three key allies in Indian subcontinent, India: Najib ad-Dawlah, Najib ud-Daula who persuaded the support of the Rohilla chiefs, elements of the declining Mughal Empire, and most prized the Oudh State under Shuja-ud-Daula. Several high ranking nobles of the Mughal Empire were able to persuade Chand kingdom, Maharaja Deep Chand of the Kingdom of Kumaon, an old Himalayas, Himalayan ally of the Mughal Empire, to support the Afghan (ethnonym), Afghan side in the battle. The Maratha army was led by Sadashivrao Bhau, who was third-highest authority of the Maratha Confederacy after the Chhatrapati and the Peshwa. The bulk of the Maratha army was stationed in the Deccan Plateau with the Peshwa. Militarily, the battle pitted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maratha Empire
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Maratha states under the nominal leadership of the former. The Marathas were a Marathi language, Marathi-speaking peasantry group from the western Deccan Plateau (present-day Maharashtra) that rose to prominence under leadership of Shivaji (17th century), who revolted against the Bijapur Sultanate and the Mughal Empire for establishing "Hindavi Swarajya" (). The religious attitude of Aurangzeb, Emperor Aurangzeb estranged Kafir, non-Muslims, and the Deccan wars, Maratha insurgency came at a great cost for his men and treasury. The Maratha government also included warriors, administrators, and other nobles from other Marathi people, Marathi groups. Shivaji's monarchy, referred to as the Maratha Kingdom, expanded into a large realm in the 18th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Rakshasbhuvan
The Battle of Rakshasbhuvan in India was fought on 10 August 1763. After the defeat of the Maratha Confederacy at the Battle of Panipat, their rivals started seizing the opportunity to recover their losses in the past at the hands of the Marathas. Particularly, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted to recover territory he had lost at the Battle of Udgir. He decided to launch a war on the Marathas. Battle As Nizam Ali made his way towards Aurangabad, the Peshwa's army followed close behind. However, Nizam Ali crossed the Godavari River with a portion of his forces, leaving Vithal Sundar in charge of the remaining troops and all the artillery and baggage on the south bank. Rakshasbhuvan was situated on this side of the river. Raghunath Rao, sensing an opportunity, decided to prevent Vithal Sundar from crossing. Meanwhile, Janoji Bhonsle left Vithal Sundar's side under the pretext of not being paid for his troops. Raghunath Rao quickly marched to attack Vithal Sundar at Rakshasbhu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Alegaon
The Battle of Alegaon was fought between Nizam Ali Khan of Hyderabad and Raghunathrao of the Maratha Confederacy against Madhavrao I of the Maratha Confederacy. Raghunathrao had established an alliance with Nizam Ali Khan of Hyderabad. When conflict arose between Raghunathrao and Madhavrao I, a joint campaign by Nizam Ali Khan and Raghunathrao resulted in Madhavrao I being heavily defeated. Madhavrao I surrendered on 12 November 1762. Nizam Ali Khan got all of his territories lost at the Battle of Udgir A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force c .... Madhavrao I submitted to his uncle, Raghunathrao. References Alegaon Battles involving the Maratha Empire 1762 in India {{India-battle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Delhi (1771)
In 1771, the forces of the Maratha Confederacy led by Mahadaji Shinde captured Delhi from the Rohillas and brought back the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II to Delhi from exile in Oudh. The Marathas captured Delhi from Zabita Khan Rohilla who was put in charge by the Afghans. After taking control of Delhi, the Marathas sent a large army of around 40,000 soldiers under leadership of Shinde and Holkar in 1772 to punish Afghan Rohillas for their involvement in Panipat and slaughtered thousands of Rohillas. They desecrated the grave of Rohilla chieftan Najib ad-Dawla and captured Najibabad. With the fleeing of the Rohillas, the rest of the country was burnt, with the exception of the city of Amroha, which was defended by some thousands of Amrohi Sayyid tribes. The Rohillas who could offer no resistance fled to the Terai region. In the Third Battle of Panipat, the Maratha Confederacy suffered a serious blow at the hands of the Afghan Empire, the Nawab of Awadh and the Kingdom of Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maratha–Mysore Wars
The Maratha–Mysore wars were a conflict in the 18th century India between the Maratha Confederacy and the Kingdom of Mysore. Though initial hostilities between the sides started in the 1760s, the last battle began in February 1785 and ended in 1787. Situation in the 18th century The 18th century saw a steady decline of the once-dominant power on the whole subcontinent – the Mughal Empire. Apart from the Nader Shah's invasion of India, disastrous invasion by the Afsharid Iran, Afsharid ruler of Iran, Nader Shah in 1739, the Mughals were successfully contested by the Marathas. Meanwhile, the East India Company, British East India Company was asserting its influence in India and was engaged in a Anglo-Mysore wars, series of wars with Mysore which eventually resulted in the region falling under Company rule in India, Company rule near the end of the 18th century. Mysore wars with the British Mysore was initially a small kingdom at the beginning of the 1700s. However, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaniwarwada
Shaniwar Wada is a historical fortification in the city of Pune, India. Built in 1732, it was the seat of the Peshwas of the Maratha Confederacy until 1818. The fort itself was largely destroyed in 1828 by an unexplained fire, but the surviving structures are now maintained as a tourist site. History The Shaniwar Wada was normally the seven-story capital building of the Peshwas of the Maratha Empire. It was supposed to be made entirely of stone. However, after the completion of the base floor or the first story, the people of Satara (the national capital) complained to the Chhatrapati Shahu I (Emperor) saying that a stone monument can be sanctioned and built only by the emperor himself and not the Peshwas. Following this, an official letter was written to the Peshwas stating that the remaining building had to be made of brick and not stone. By 1758, at least a thousand people lived in the fort. In 1773, Narayanrao, who was the fifth and ruling Peshwa then, was murdered by g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gopikabai
Gopikabai (20 December 1724 – 11 August 1778) was Peshwin of Maratha Empire, as the wife of Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao (also called Nanasaheb Peshwa). She had a very orthodox religious upbringing and belief. After the death of Nanasaheb Peshwa, she tried to expand her power over the Peshwa and the administration. She influenced her son Madhavrao Peshwa, who by sidelining Raghunathrao at her urging, assumed control. However, after trying to interfere in administrative matters, namely to save her brother from punishment, she was confined to Nashik. In 1773 she was freed after the death of Madhavarao and went back to Pune. Afterwards, Gopikabai became part of the priestly class. She developed a rivalry with other women in the Peshwa's household. She was the mother of three successive Peshwas. Childhood Gopikabai was the daughter of Bhikaji Naik Raste of Wai, near Pune. Gopikabai was noticed by Radhabai, the mother of Peshwa Baji Rao I, during her visit to the Raste family. She ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
