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MS American Leader
MS ''American Leader'' was a merchant cargo ship which entered service for the United States Lines in 1941. It was most noted for falling victim to the German auxiliary cruiser ''Michel'' during the Second World War. Her surviving crew members were taken as prisoners of war and collectively they endured three ship sinkings. Design and construction ''American Leader'' was one of five vessels constructed by the Western Pipe and Steel Company from the US Maritime Commission's Type C1-B design. The detailed building plans were prepared for Western Pipe and Steel by New York naval architect George G. Sharp. In the 1930s American shipyards were making a transition from riveting to welding as the main building method and Western had been a pioneer in using these techniques since 1929. Welding reduced weight and steel usage because plate seams did not have to overlap as with riveting. New workers acquired welding skills more quickly than riveting techniques. Welding transfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Flag 48 Stars
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Amer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two-cycle
A two-stroke (or two-stroke cycle) engine is a type of internal combustion engine that completes a power cycle with two strokes (up and down movements) of the piston during one power cycle, this power cycle being completed in one revolution of the crankshaft. A four-stroke engine requires four strokes of the piston to complete a power cycle during two crankshaft revolutions. In a two-stroke engine, the end of the combustion stroke and the beginning of the compression stroke happen simultaneously, with the intake and exhaust (or scavenging) functions occurring at the same time. Two-stroke engines often have a high power-to-weight ratio, power being available in a narrow range of rotational speeds called the power band. Two-stroke engines have fewer moving parts than four-stroke engines. History The first commercial two-stroke engine involving cylinder compression is attributed to Scottish engineer Dugald Clerk, who patented his design in 1881. However, unlike most later two-st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Tradewind
HMS ''Tradewind'' was a British submarine of the third group of the ''T'' class. She was built as ''P329'' at Chatham, and launched on 11 December 1942. she is the only ship of the Royal Navy to have been named ''Tradewind'', after the trade winds. Second World War service She spent most of her wartime career operating against the Japanese in the Far East, attacking enemy shipping and laying mines. She sank nine Japanese sailing vessels, and two small unidentified Japanese vessels, a Japanese tug and the Japanese merchant tanker ''Takasago Maru''. The Japanese merchant cargo vessel ''Kyokko Maru'' was sunk after hitting a mine laid by ''Tradewind''. Her most infamous sinking was of the Japanese army cargo ship ''Junyō Maru'' which was headed for Sumatra, on 18 September 1944. Unbeknown to the Commanding Officer of ''Tradewind'', Lt.Cdr. Lynch Maydon, the Japanese ship was carrying 4,200 Javanese slave labourers and 2,300 Allied prisoners of war from Batavia to Padang. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MemoryArchive
Marshall Tillbrook Poe (born December 29, 1961) is an American historian, writer, editor and founder of the New Books Network, an online collection of podcast interviews with a wide range of non-fiction authors. He has taught Russian, European, Eurasian and World history at various universities including Harvard, Columbia, University of Iowa, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He has also taught courses on new media and online collaboration. Poe is the author or editor of a number of books on early modern Russia. He has also published ''A History of Communications: Media and Society from the Evolution of Speech to the Internet'', a book that examines how various communications media shape social practices and values. In 2005, Poe founded the now-defunct MemoryArchive, a universal wiki-type archive of contemporary memoirs. It encouraged people to contribute written accounts of their personal memories that would be part of a searchable, online database. There he contrib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakan Baroe
Pekanbaru is the capital of Indonesian province of Riau, and a major economic center on the eastern part of Sumatra Island. Its name is derived from the Malay words for 'new market' ('pekan' is market and 'baru' is new). It has an area of , with a population of 897,767 at the 2010 Census, and 983,356 at the 2020 Census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. It is located on the banks of the Siak River, which flows into the Strait of Malacca, Pekanbaru has direct access to the busy strait and has long been known as a trading port. A settlement has existed on the site since the 17th century. In the late 19th century, the city was developed to serve the coffee and coal industries, and the Dutch built roads to help ship goods to Singapore and Malacca. This city has an airport called Sultan Syarif Kasim II International Airport, and a port called Sungai Duku that is located by the Siak River. History Sultanate of Siak The origin of Pekanbaru was inseparable from the existence of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamahoko Maru
SS ''Tamahoko Maru'' was a Japanese passenger-cargo ship, used as a hell ship, which was torpedoed by submarine on 24 June 1944, carrying 772 Allied POWs of which 560 died. Service history ''Tamahoko Maru'' sailed on 20 June 1944 with 772 POWs (197 British, 42 American, 258 Australian and 281 Dutch) from Takao for Moji in convoy HO-02. There were also some 500 Japanese soldiers on board. On 24 June 1944 at 11:50 pm, in the Koshiki Straits 40 miles SW of Nagasaki, the ''Tamahoko Maru'' was torpedoed by and sank in less than 2 minutes at 32-24N, 129-38E. An escort picked up the Japanese survivors and left the POWs in the water, to be picked up the next morning by a small whaling ship, which brought 212 survivors to Nagasaki. They spent the rest of the war in the Fukuoka 14 prison camp is the sixth-largest city in Japan, the second-largest port city after Yokohama, and the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The city is built along the shores of Hakata Bay, and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kampong Makassar
Kampong Makassar was one several internment camps in the island of Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mo ... near Batavia (present-day Jakarta) in which the Japanese interned enemy civilians, mostly Dutch, after the Dutch East Indies fell to Japanese forces in 1942. Between January and October 1945, Kampong Makassar functioned as prisoners of war, civilian, and relief camps respectively. References {{coord missing, Indonesia Japanese prisoner of war and internment camps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Tanker Uckermark
''Altmark'' was a German oil tanker and supply vessel, one of five of a class built between 1937 and 1939. She is best known for her support of the German commerce raider, the " pocket battleship" and her subsequent involvement in the " Altmark Incident". In 1940 she was renamed the ''Uckermark'' and used as supply tanker for the battleships and during Operation Berlin before sailing to Japan on September 1942 as a blockade breaker. Footage of the Altmark appears briefly in the 1942 British wartime propaganda movie ''The Day Will Dawn''. The Altmark Incident ''Altmark'' (Captain Heinrich Dau) was assigned to support ''Admiral Graf Spee'' during her raid in the South Atlantic between September and December 1939. Seamen rescued from the ships sunk by ''Admiral Graf Spee'' were transferred to ''Altmark''. After ''Admiral Graf Spee'' was heavily damaged by British cruisers in Battle of the River Plate and subsequently scuttled by her crew, in the Río de la Plata in Decemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empire Dawn
''Empire Dawn'' was a cargo ship that was built in 1940 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Entering service in April 1941, she served until 11 September 1942 when she was sunk by the German raider ''Michel''. Description The ship was built in 1940 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham. She was yard number 670. The ship was long overall ( between perpendiculars), with a beam of . She had a depth of and a draught of . She was assessed at , . Her DWT was 10,328. The ship was propelled by a 516 nhp diesel engine, which had three cylinders of diameter by stroke, driving a single screw propeller. The engine was built by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. History 1941 ''Empire Dawn'' was built for the MoWT. She was launched on 14 December 1940 and completed in 1941. She was placed under the management of W Runciman & Co Ltd. Her port of registry was Sunderland. The United Kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Of Good Hope
The Cape of Good Hope ( af, Kaap die Goeie Hoop ) ;''Kaap'' in isolation: pt, Cabo da Boa Esperança is a rocky headland on the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa. A common misconception is that the Cape of Good Hope is the southern tip of Africa, based on the misbelief that the Cape was the dividing point between the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and have nothing to do with north or south. In fact, by looking at a map, the southernmost point of Africa is Cape Agulhas about to the east-southeast. The currents of the two oceans meet at the point where the warm-water Agulhas current meets the cold-water Benguela current and turns back on itself. That oceanic meeting point fluctuates between Cape Agulhas and Cape Point (about east of the Cape of Good Hope). When following the western side of the African coastline from the equator, however, the Cape of Good Hope marks the point where a ship begins to travel more eastward than southward. Thus, the firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torpedo Tube
A torpedo tube is a cylindrical device for launching torpedoes. There are two main types of torpedo tube: underwater tubes fitted to submarines and some surface ships, and deck-mounted units (also referred to as torpedo launchers) installed aboard surface vessels. Deck-mounted torpedo launchers are usually designed for a specific type of torpedo, while submarine torpedo tubes are general-purpose launchers, and are often also capable of deploying mines and cruise missiles. Most modern launchers are standardized on a diameter for light torpedoes (deck mounted aboard ship) or a diameter for heavy torpedoes (underwater tubes), although other sizes of torpedo tube have been used: see Torpedo classes and diameters. Submarine torpedo tube A submarine torpedo tube is a more complex mechanism than a torpedo tube on a surface ship, because the tube has to accomplish the function of moving the torpedo from the normal atmospheric pressure within the submarine into the sea at the ambien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
