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Luciola
''Luciola'' is a genus of flashing fireflies in the family Lampyridae. They are especially well known from Japan and are often called Japanese fireflies, but their members range farther into Asia and reach southern Europe (Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, among other countries) and Africa. This genus is traditionally held to extend to Australia, but these species do not seem to belong herein (see below for details). Biological description Unlike some other fireflies, the females of ''Luciola'' are fully winged. Ecologically, the genus is remarkable in that the larvae of several species are aquatic. The adults of the typical ''Luciola'' are similar to those of '' Atyphella'' which was formerly included in this genus. They can be easily distinguished by the males' aedeagus however, which in ''Luciola'' proper has large lateral lobes that do not taper and have elongated, slender and flattened smaller lobes along their ventral margin. The middle lobe of the males' aedeagus is very s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firefly
The Lampyridae are a family of elateroid beetles with more than 2,000 described species, many of which are light-emitting. They are soft-bodied beetles commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glowworms for their conspicuous production of light, mainly during twilight, to attract mates. The type species is '' Lampyris noctiluca'', the common glow-worm of Europe. Light production in the Lampyridae is thought to have originated as a warning signal that the larvae were distasteful. This ability to create light was then co-opted as a mating signal and, in a further development, adult female fireflies of the genus '' Photuris'' mimic the flash pattern of the '' Photinus'' beetle to trap their males as prey. Fireflies are found in temperate and tropical climates. Many live in marshes or in wet, wooded areas where their larvae have abundant sources of food. Although all known fireflies glow as larvae, only some species produce light in their adult stage, and the location ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hitodama
In Japanese folklore, hitodama ( Japanese ; meaning "human soul") are balls of fire that mainly float in the middle of the night.広辞苑 第五版 p.2255 「人魂」 They are said to be "souls of the dead that have separated from their bodies", which is where their name comes from. Summary Hitodama are mentioned in literature from ancient times. In the Man'yōshū, there is the following poem: They are frequently confused with onibi and kitsunebi, but since hitodama are considered to be the "appearance of souls that have left the body and fly through the air," they are strictly speaking a different general idea. Concerning their shape and nature, there are common features throughout Japan, but some differences could also be seen depending on the area. They fly crawling along at an elevation that is not very high. They have a color that is blue, orange, or red, and also have a tail, but it can either be short or long. There are also a few that have been seen during dayti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atyphella
''Atyphella'' is a genus of 'flashing' firefly (family Lampyridae) found in the Australasian region, particularly in the eastern and northern regions of Australia. The genus consists of 23 recognized species, 14 considered to be endemic to Australia.Ballantyne & Lambkin, 2006 Description The larval stage of ''Atyphella'' is morphologically similar to the ''Luciola'' larval stage, the key difference being that the ''Atyphella'' possess a series of flat projections on the sides of the body (known as explanate tergites).Ballantyne, 1987 ''Atyphella'' antennae are relatively short, shorter than the widest part of the head. This is almost unique among the genera of the subfamily Luciolinae with '' Bourgeoisia'' being the only other to feature this. The adult ''Atyphella'' head is concealed under an extended pronotum and recessed into the prothoracic cavity. This effectively eliminates upwards vision when in flight and in a resting state. However, it has been observed that some spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José De Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar (May 1, 1829 – December 12, 1877) was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is considered to be one of the most famous and influential Brazilian Romantic novelists of the 19th century, and a major exponent of the literary tradition known as " Indianism". Sometimes he signed his works with the pen name Erasmo. He was patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. Biography José Martiniano de Alencar was born in Messejana, Fortaleza, Ceará, on May 1, 1829, to politician José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. His family was a rich and influential clan in Northeastern Brazil, his grandmother being famous landowner Barbara Pereira de Alencar, heroine of the Pernambucan Revolution. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and started his career in law in Rio de Janeiro. Invited by his friend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraproct
Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects. The terminology used to describe insects is similar to that used for other arthropods due to their shared evolutionary history. Three physical features separate insects from other arthropods: they have a body divided into three regions (called tagmata) (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of legs, and mouthparts located ''outside'' of the head capsule. This position of the mouthparts divides them from their closest relatives, the non-insect hexapods, which include Protura, Diplura, and Collembola. There is enormous variation in body structure amongst insect species. Individuals can range from 0.3 mm ( fairyflies) to 30 cm across ( great owlet moth); have no eyes or many; well-developed wings or none; and legs modified for running, jumping, swimming, or even digging. These modifications allow insects to occupy almost every ecological niche except the deep ocean. This article describes the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (evolution)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a ' key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given case predicable, so ancestral characters should not be imputed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hotaru No Haka
is a 1988 Japanese animated war film written and directed by Isao Takahata, and produced by Studio Ghibli. It is based on the 1967 semi-autobiographical short story of the same name by Akiyuki Nosaka. Set in the city of Kobe, Japan, it tells the story of siblings and war orphans Seita and Setsuko, and their desperate struggle to survive during the final months of the Pacific War. Production of ''Grave of the Fireflies'' began after Akiyuki Nosaka became interested in an animated adaptation of his book. The film was Takahata's first with Studio Ghibli. Several critics consider ''Grave of the Fireflies'' an anti-war film, but Takahata has disputed this claim. The film stars Tsutomu Tatsumi, , and . It was theatrically released on April 16, 1988. Upon release, the film was universally acclaimed by critics, with particular praise toward its emotional weight. It was also modestly successful at the Japanese box office, grossing ¥1.7 billion. ''Grave of the Fireflies'' has been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grave Of The Fireflies
is a 1988 Japanese Anime, animated war film written and directed by Isao Takahata, and produced by Studio Ghibli. It is based on the 1967 semi-autobiographical Grave of the Fireflies (short story), short story of the same name by Akiyuki Nosaka. Set in the city of Kobe, Kobe, Japan, it tells the story of siblings and war orphans Seita and Setsuko, and their desperate struggle to survive during the final months of the Pacific War. Production of ''Grave of the Fireflies'' began after Akiyuki Nosaka became interested in an animated adaptation of his book. The film was Takahata's first with Studio Ghibli. Several critics consider ''Grave of the Fireflies'' an anti-war film, but Takahata has disputed this claim. The film stars Tsutomu Tatsumi, , and . It was theatrically released on April 16, 1988. Upon release, the film was universally acclaimed by critics, with particular praise toward its emotional weight. It was also modestly successful at the Japanese box office, grossing ¥1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soul
The soul is the purported Mind–body dualism, immaterial aspect or essence of a Outline of life forms, living being. It is typically believed to be Immortality, immortal and to exist apart from the material world. The three main theories that describe the relationship between the soul and the body are Interactionism (philosophy of mind), interactionism, Psychophysical parallelism, parallelism, and epiphenomenalism. Anthropology, Anthropologists and Psychology, psychologists have found that most humans are naturally inclined to believe in the existence of the soul and that they have interculturally distinguished between souls and bodies. The soul has been the central area of interest in philosophy since Ancient history, ancient times. Socrates envisioned the soul to possess a rational faculty, its practice being man's most godlike activity. Plato believed the soul to be the person's real self, an immaterial and immortal dweller of our lives that continues and thinks even after d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
