List Of Keratins
The first sequences of keratins revealed that keratins could be grouped into two categories based on their sequence homologies. These two groups of keratins were named as type I and type II keratins. These two categories also represent the first two categories of the superfamily of intermediate filament proteins. Keratins in this table are classified in the first two columns according to the nomenclature established in 2006. Other names previously used are listed in columns 3 and 4. Type I keratins Human epithelial keratins Human hair keratins Nonhuman hair/epithelial keratins Human keratin pseudogenes Type II keratins Human epithelial keratin Human hair keratins Human keratin pseudogenes See also * Keratins * Skin * Epidermis The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens and regulates the amount ...
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Intermediate Filament
Intermediate filaments (IFs) are cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal structural components found in the cells of vertebrates, and many invertebrates. Homologues of the IF protein have been noted in an invertebrate, the cephalochordate ''Branchiostoma''. Intermediate filaments are composed of a family of related proteins sharing common structural and sequence features. Initially designated 'intermediate' because their average diameter (10 Nanometre, nm) is between those of narrower microfilaments (actin) and wider myosin filaments found in muscle cells, the diameter of intermediate filaments is now commonly compared to actin microfilaments (7 nm) and microtubules (25 nm). Animal intermediate filaments are subcategorized into six types based on similarities in amino acid sequence and protein structure. Most types are cytoplasmic, but one type, Type V is a nuclear lamin. Unlike microtubules, IF distribution in cells show no good correlation with the distribution of either ...
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KRT24
KRT24 is a keratin Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, ...

KRT38
KRT38 is a keratin Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, ...

KRT37
Keratin 37 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT37 gene. KRT37 is a member of the keratin gene family. Clinical significance KRT37 is the only keratin that is regulated by androgens. This sensitivity to androgens was acquired by Homo sapiens and is not shared with their great ape cousins. Although Winter et al. found that KRT37 is expressed in all the hair follices of chimpanzees, it was not detected in the head hair of modern humans. As androgens are known to grow hair on the body but decrease it on the scalp, this lack of scalp KRT37 may help explain the paradoxical nature of Androgenic alopecia Pattern hair loss (also known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA)) is a hair loss condition that primarily affects the top and front of the scalp. In male-pattern hair loss (MPHL), the hair loss typically presents itself as either a receding front h ... as well as the fact that head hair anagen cycles are extremely long. Moreover, variations in the gene may account for et ...
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KRT36
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT36'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b .... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. This type I hair keratin is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II keratins to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. References Further reading

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KRT35
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha5 is a keratin Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, ... protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT35'' gene. References

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KRT34
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT34'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b .... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II keratins to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. See also * 34βE12 (keratin 903) References Further reading

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KRT33B
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha3-II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT33B'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. It is one of the type I hair keratin genes which are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II hair keratin to form hair Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals. The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and f ... and nails. There are two isoforms of this protein, encoded by two separate genes, KRTHA3A and KRTHA3B. References Further reading

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KRT33A
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha3-I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT33A'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b .... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. It is one of the type I hair keratin genes which are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II keratins to form hair and nails. There are two isoforms of this protein, encoded by two separate genes, KRTHA3A and KRTHA3B. References Further reading

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KRT32
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT32'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, ... gene family. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II hair keratin to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. References Further reading

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KRT31
Keratin, type I cuticular Ha1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT31'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II keratins to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription. Model organisms Model organisms have been used in the study of KRT31 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called ''Krt31tm1e(KOMP)Wtsi'' was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological prop ... to determine the effects of deletion. Additional screens ...
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KRT28
KRT28 is a keratin Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, ho ...