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Liberal–Conservative Fusion
The Liberal–Conservative Fusion () was an oligarchic alliance between Chilean liberal (''Pipiolos'') and conservative (''Pelucones'') political parties that existed from 1858 to 1874. The two groups were united in their opposition to the political choices of the time. Liberals represented the laity (non-clergy) and were in favor of more political liberties and firmer boundaries on presidential powers granted by the Constitution of 1833. Conservatives started off with the clergy's influence: they had the Church, with an independent function with respect to patronage, and had firm support from the president. Their coalition united opposition to the authoritarian practices of the government of Manuel Montt Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres (; September 4, 1809 – September 21, 1880) was a Chilean statesman and scholar. He was twice elected President of Chile between 1851 and 1861. He was the first civilian to serve a full term as Presi ... and its minister of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligarchy
Oligarchy (; ) is a form of government in which power rests with a small number of people. Members of this group, called oligarchs, generally hold usually hard, but sometimes soft power through nobility, fame, wealth, or education; or through corporate, religious, political, or military control. Throughout history, power structures considered to be oligarchies have often been viewed as coercive, relying on public obedience or oppression to exist. Aristotle pioneered the use of the term as meaning rule by the rich, contrasting it with aristocracy, arguing that oligarchy was a corruption of aristocracy. Types Minority rule The consolidation of power by a dominant minority, whether religious or ethnic, can be considered a form of oligarchy. Examples include South Africa during apartheid, Liberia under Americo-Liberians, the Sultanate of Zanzibar, and Rhodesia. In these cases, oligarchic rule was often tied to the legacy of colonialism. In the early 20th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Montt
Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres (; September 4, 1809 – September 21, 1880) was a Chilean statesman and scholar. He was twice elected President of Chile between 1851 and 1861. He was the first civilian to serve a full term as President of Chile. His election as President in 1851 set off Revolution of 1851, which Montt successfully subdued. During his tenure, he governed in an increasingly authoritarian manner. Biography Montt was born in Petorca, Valparaíso Region, the son of Catalan immigrants. His family was very poor, and in 1822 the death of his father increased their hardship. The same year, Manuel's mother secured his entrance into the Instituto Nacional (''National Institute'', where he would later serve as rector from 1835 to 1840), though he could only afford the fees by tutoring other students. After studying law at the Instituto Nacional, he graduated as a lawyer in 1833 and soon achieved prominent academic and government posts. Montt had a dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1850s In Chile
Year 185 ( CLXXXV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lascivius and Atilius (or, less frequently, year 938 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 185 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Nobles of Britain demand that Emperor Commodus rescind all power given to Tigidius Perennis, who is eventually executed. * Publius Helvius Pertinax is made governor of Britain and quells a mutiny of the British Roman legions who wanted him to become emperor. The disgruntled usurpers go on to attempt to assassinate the governor. * Tigidius Perennis, his family and many others are executed for conspiring against Commodus. * Commodus drains Rome's treasury to put on gladiatorial spectacles and confiscates property to support his pleasures. He participates as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Errázuriz Zañartu
Errázuriz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Blanca Errázuriz (1894–1940), Chilean socialite *Crescente Errázuriz (1839–1931), Chilean Roman Catholic friar and archbishop, professor, writer and historian *Eugenia Errázuriz (1860–1951), Chilean patron of the arts and a style leader *Federico Errázuriz: **Federico Errázuriz Zañartu (1825–1877), president of Chile from 1871 to 1876 **Federico Errázuriz Echaurren (1850–1901), president of Chile from 1896 to 1901 *Francisco Errázuriz: ** Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa, Chilean Catholic cardinal **Francisco Javier Errázuriz Larraín (1711–1767), Chilean merchant, farmer and politician **Francisco Javier Errázuriz Talavera, Chilean politician **Federico Errázuriz Zañartu (1825–1877), Chilean politician *Jaime Errázuriz (born 1923), Chilean alpine skier *José Antonio Errázuriz (1747–1821), Chilean Roman Catholic priest and politician *Juan Ignacio González Errázuriz (born 1956), Chile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federico Errázuriz Zañartu
Federico Marcos del Rosario Errázuriz Zañartu (; April 25, 1825 – July 20, 1877) was a Chilean political figure. He served as the president of Chile between 1871 and 1876. Biography He was born on 25 April 1825 Santiago to Francisco Javier Errázuriz Aldunate and Josefa Zañartu Manso de Velasco. He was of Basque descent. He studied law in the University of Chile. He was made a deputy in parliament at an early age, and took some part in the parliamentary debates. In 1860 he was made chief of the province of Santiago, and introduced many reforms. In 1862, during Pérez's administration, he became secretary of justice and of public instruction; and in 1865, during the Chincha Islands War with Spain, he was secretary of war and the navy. In 1871 Errázuriz became president of the republic of Chile, and introduced liberal reforms of great importance to the country, tending toward the secularization of public instruction and freedom of worship. He amended the constitution of 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jose Joaquin Perez
Jose is the English transliteration of the Hebrew and Aramaic name ''Yose'', which is etymologically linked to ''Yosef'' or Joseph. Given name Mishnaic and Talmudic periods * Jose ben Abin *Jose ben Akabya *Jose the Galilean *Jose ben Halafta * Jose ben Jochanan *Jose ben Joezer of Zeredah * Jose ben Saul Male *Jose (actor), Indian actor * Jose Balagtas, Filipino film director *Jose Baxter (born 1992), English footballer *Jose Davis (born 1978), American football player *Jose Glover (died 1638), English minister and pioneer of the printing press in the New World *Jose Kattukkaran (born 1950), Indian politician *Jose Kurushinkal, Indian cricket umpire *Jose Kusugak (1950–2011), Inuk politician *Jose Lambert (born 1941), Belgian professor * Jose K. Mani (born 1965), Indian politician *Jose Mugrabi (born 1939), Israeli businessman *Jose Nandhikkara (born 1964), Indian author *Jose Pellissery (1950–2004), Indian film actor *Jose Chacko Periappuram (born 1958), Indian surgeon * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Party (Chile, 1857)
The National Party () or Montt-Varist () was a Chilean political party formed in 1857 as a split from the Conservatives by the supporters of President Manuel Montt and Interior Minister Antonio Varas. The National Party had a liberal-conservative ideology and was primarily supported by middle-high businessmen, bankers and journalists. The Welsh-born Edwards family was a bigger financer of the party, along with the aristocratic Balmaceda, who was linked to the Liberal Party. The party never was more than an influential third party Third party may refer to: Business * Third-party source, a supplier company not owned by the buyer or seller * Third-party beneficiary, a person who could sue on a contract, despite not being an active party * Third-party insurance, such as a veh ..., and since the late 1910s its influences declined considerably, stopping from participating to national elections after 1924, finally merging into the United Liberal Party in 1933. The monttvarista Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Varas
Antonio Varas de la Barra (June 13, 1817 – June 5, 1886) was a Chilean political figure. He began his political career as a Conservative, but was later a member of the National Party, of which he was one of the founders in 1857. He served several times as minister. Antonio Varas was born in Cauquenes, the son of Miguel Varas Vallejo and of Agustina de la Barra Alarcón. Because his father was a royalist supporter, after independence all the family properties were confiscated, leaving them in the most complete destitution. Thanks to his brother José Miguel, he was able to complete his studies at the Instituto Nacional, where he met and befriended Manuel Montt and Buonaventura Cousiño, both of whom were his teachers. In time he became, first, philosophy teacher, later vice-principal and finally principal of that institute. During his tenure, he substantially improved the quality of education offered at that, the principal school in the country. He started his political ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Chile
The president of Chile (), officially the president of the Republic of Chile (), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Chile. The president is responsible for both Government of Chile, government administration and state administration. Although its role and significance have changed over history of Chile, time, and its position and relations with other actors in the politics of Chile, national political organization have also evolved, it remains one of the most prominent political offices in the country. It is also considered one of the key institutions that form the "Historic Constitution of Chile," and is crucial to the country's political stability. Under the current Chilean Constitution of 1980, Constitution, adopted in 1980 Chilean constitutional referendum, 1980, the president serves a four-year term and is not eligible for immediate re-election. The shorter term (previously it was six years) allows for synchronized parliamentary and presidenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of , sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández Islands, Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas Islands, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish language, Spanish. Conquest of Chile, Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Incas in Central Chile, Inca rule; however, they Arauco War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patronage
Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, art patronage refers to the support that princes, popes, and other wealthy and influential people have provided to artists such as musicians, painters, and sculptors. It can also refer to the right of bestowing offices or church benefices, the business given to a store by a regular customer, and the guardianship of saints. The word ''patron'' derives from the Latin ('patron'), one who gives benefits to his clients (see patronage in ancient Rome). In some countries, the term is used to describe political patronage or patronal politics, which is the use of state resources to reward individuals for their electoral support. Some patronage systems are legal, as in the Canadian tradition of the prime minister appointing senators and the heads of a number of commissions and agencies; in many cases, these appointments go to people who ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
