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Leaf Miner Fly
The Agromyzidae are a family commonly referred to as the leaf-miner flies, for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf miners on various plants. A worldwide family of roughly 2,500 species, they are small, some with wing length of 1 mm. The maximum size is 6.5 mm. Most species are in the range of 2 to 3 mm. General description Adult agromyzids can be recognized by the distinctive sclerotization of the head. The upper part of the frons, above the ptilinal suture (known as the frontal vitta) is lightly sclerotized and lacks setae, while the lower part of the frons and the dorsal area of the head tends to be much more heavily sclerotized and setaceous. Thus, the frontal vitta often forms a distinctive patch on the head, different in colour and texture from the rest of the head. The compound eyes are usually oval and fairly small, although in some species, they are larger and more circular. The wings are usually hyaline, although those of a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthropod Leg
The arthropod leg is a form of jointed appendage of arthropods, usually used for walking. Many of the terms used for arthropod leg segments (called podomeres) are of Latin origin, and may be confused with terms for bones: ''coxa'' (meaning hip, plural ''coxae''), ''trochanter'', ''femur'' (plural ''femora''), ''tibia'' (plural ''tibiae''), ''tarsus'' (plural ''tarsi''), ''ischium'' (plural ''ischia''), ''metatarsus'', ''carpus'', ''dactylus'' (meaning finger), ''patella'' (plural ''patellae''). Homologies of leg segments between groups are difficult to prove and are the source of much argument. Some authors posit up to eleven segments per leg for the most recent common ancestor of extant arthropods but modern arthropods have eight or fewer. It has been argued that the ancestral leg need not have been so complex, and that other events, such as successive loss of function of a ''Hox''-gene, could result in parallel gains of leg segments. In arthropods, each of the leg segments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanagromyza
''Melanagromyza'' is a genus of flies belonging to the family Agromyzidae The Agromyzidae are a family commonly referred to as the leaf-miner flies, for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf miners on various plants. A worldwide family of roughly 2,500 species, they are small, some with wing l .... The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: * '' Melanagromyza achilleana'' Sehgal, 1971 * ''Melanagromyza aenea'' *''Melanagromyza chaerophylli'' Spencer, 1969 *''Melanagromyza aeneoventris'' *''Melanagromyza albocilia'' *''Melanagromyza angeliciphaga'' *''Melanagromyza chalcosoma'' *''Melanagromyza chaptaliae'' *''Melanagromyza cleomae'' *''Melanagromyza lappae'' *''Melanagromyza metallica'' *''Melanagromyza minimoides'' *''Melanagromyza nigrissima'' *''Melanagromyza obtusa'' *''Melanagromyza pubescens'' *''Melanagromyza ruelliae'' *''Melanagromyza sojae'' *''Melanagromyza verbesinae'' *''Melanagromyza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liriomyza Trifolii
''Liriomyza trifolii'', known generally as the American serpentine leafminer or celery leafminer, is a species of leaf miner fly in the family Agromyzidae. ''L. trifolii'' is a damaging pest, as it consumes and destroys produce and other plant products. It commonly infests greenhouses and is one of the three most-damaging leaf miners in existence today. It is found in several countries around the globe as an invasive species, but is native to the Caribbean and the Southeastern United States. Description ''L. trifolii'' are relatively small flies for their family. The adults typically measure less than 2 mm in length. They are mostly yellow in color, although parts of the abdomen and thorax are dark brown or grey. They typically have yellow legs. A key distinction between ''L. trifolii'' and their very similar relatives, '' L. sativae,'' are ''L. trifolii's'' dark, matte mesonotum. ''L. trifolii'' typically have a wingspan of 1.25 to 1.90 mm. Their wings are transparent a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liriomyza Sativae
''Liriomyza sativae'', commonly known as the vegetable leaf miner, is a species of insect, a fly in the family Agromyzidae. The larvae of this fly mine the leaves of a range of vegetables and weeds, but seem to favour plants in the families Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae and Solanaceae. Description Eggs of ''L. sativae'' measure approximately and are translucent and whitish. The larvae are legless grubs, with no head capsule. They are translucent at first, but become yellowish-orange in later instars. The pupae are oval and slightly flattened and vary in colour from yellowish-orange to a darker golden brown when the adults are nearly ready to emerge. The adults are up to long, with females being larger than males; the face, frons, third segment of the antenna and scutellum are yellow, and the mesothorax and abdomen are black, although the edges of some plates on the abdomen are yellow. This unique mesonotum is useful in distinguishing ''L. sativae'' from their close relatives '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liriomyza Huidobrensis
''Liriomyza huidobrensis'', commonly known as the pea leaf miner, is a species of insect, a fly in the family Agromyzidae. The larvae of this fly mine the leaves and stems of peas and a range of other vegetables. It is also known as the serpentine leaf miner, but this name is also used for a closely related species, ''Liriomyza brassicae''. Description Adults of this species are tiny flies, about long, with black and yellow bodies and translucent wings. Distribution This leaf miner originated in South America but prior to the 1980s, was restricted to that continent and Central America. In 1987, it was first found in Europe, being detected in a glasshouse in the Netherlands. From there it has spread within Europe, especially in the Mediterranean area and Eastern Europe, this latter region being surprising because the winters would be expected to be too cold. A pea leafminer already present in North America is a different species, '' Liriomyza langei''. ''L. huidobrensis'' is now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Quarantine
Plant quarantine is a technique for ensuring disease- and pest-free plants, whereby a plant is isolated while tests are performed to detect the presence of a problem. Administration United States In the U.S., the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) retains the plant quarantine function, although the agency’s border-inspection function was transferred to the Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries. Its stated missions involve anti-te ... (DHS) by P.L. 107-296. References * {{CRS, article = Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition, url = http://ncseonline.org/nle/crsreports/05jun/97-905.pdf, author= Jasper Womach Agriculture Quarantine Phytopathology Pest control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytomyza Ilicis
''Phytomyza ilicis'', the holly leaf miner, is a leaf mining fly in the family Agromyzidae, whose larvae burrow into leaves of the holly tree (''Ilex aquifolium'') leaving characteristic pale trails or leaf miner, leaf mines. Description Adults of ''P. ilicis'' are small with a wing length measuring . They have red eyes and 6–8 pairs of Glossary of entomology terms#acrostichal bristles, acrostichal bristles on the thorax. Larvae are pale, leg-less maggots lacking a head capsule and thoracic and abdominal legs like most fly larvae. The dark-brown coloured puparium is formed from the hardened last larval skin. File:Phytomyza ilicis opened mine.jpg, A larva exposed in its mine File:Holly_leafminer_larva.jpg, Puparium Distribution The holly leaf miner is found throughout the holarctic on its host ''Ilex aquifolium''. It is common and widespread in Europe and has been introduced into western Canada and north west USA. Its distribution is probably dependent upon average tempe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Host (biology)
In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cells harbouring pathogenic (disease-causing) viruses, a bean plant hosting mutualistic (helpful) nitrogen-fixing bacteria. More specifically in botany, a host plant supplies food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The host range is the collection of hosts that an organism can use as a partner. Symbiosis Symbiosis spans a wide variety of possible relationships between organisms, differing in their permanence and their effects on the two parties. If one of the partners in an association is much larger than the other, it is generally known as the host. In parasitism, the parasite benefits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Gall
Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology. In human pathology, a gall is a raised sore on the skin, usually caused by chafing or rubbing. Causes of plant galls Insects and mites Insect galls are the highly distinctive plant structures formed by some herbivorous insects as their own microhabitats. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Galls act as both the habitat a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytophagous
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding. Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material. A large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria. Etymology Herbivore is the anglicized form of a modern Latin coinage, ''herbivora'', cited in Charles Lyell's 1830 ''Principles of Geology''.J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner, eds. (2000) ''The Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. 8, p. 155. Richard Owen employed the anglicized term in an 1854 work on fossil teeth and skeletons. ''Herbivora'' is derived from Latin ''her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanagromyza Sp - 2012-05-11
''Melanagromyza'' is a genus of flies belonging to the family Agromyzidae The Agromyzidae are a family commonly referred to as the leaf-miner flies, for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf miners on various plants. A worldwide family of roughly 2,500 species, they are small, some with wing l .... The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: * '' Melanagromyza achilleana'' Sehgal, 1971 * ''Melanagromyza aenea'' *''Melanagromyza chaerophylli'' Spencer, 1969 *''Melanagromyza aeneoventris'' *''Melanagromyza albocilia'' *''Melanagromyza angeliciphaga'' *''Melanagromyza chalcosoma'' *''Melanagromyza chaptaliae'' *''Melanagromyza cleomae'' *''Melanagromyza lappae'' *''Melanagromyza metallica'' *''Melanagromyza minimoides'' *''Melanagromyza nigrissima'' *''Melanagromyza obtusa'' *''Melanagromyza pubescens'' *''Melanagromyza ruelliae'' *''Melanagromyza sojae'' *''Melanagromyza verbesinae'' *''Melanagromyza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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