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Le Rectangle
Le Rectangle was a professional association of French illustration and advertising photographers created in 1937 and disbanded in 1946 to be replaced by Le Groupe des XV. Context In the first half of the twentieth century France, after Germany, was a major publisher of picture magazines, including ''Paris-soir, Paris-Soir'', ''Le Monde illustré, Le Monde-Illustré'', ''Art et Décoration'', ''Art et Médecine'', ''L'Illustration, l’Illustration'', ''La Gazette (France), La Gazette'', ''Le Jardin des Modes'', Candide (1924), ''Candide'', Gringoire (newspaper), ''Gringoire'', ''Détective'', ''Voilà'', ''Marianne'', ''Faits Divers'', ''Sourire'', ''Photo-Monde'', ''Regards'', ''Ce soir, Ce Soir'', Vu (magazine), ''Vu'', ''Partout-Paris, Paris-Magazine, Paris Sex-Appeal'' and ''Paris Match.'' Aside from the few salaried staff photographers, an array of photo-agences national and international, and representing many hundreds of freelance photojournalists and photographers, suppl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Groupe Des XV
''Le Groupe des XV'' was a collective founded in 1946 by fifteen (hence its name) French humanist photographers who exhibited annually in Paris until 1957. Its objective was to have photography recognised as an art form in its own right, and to use it to preserve French photographic heritage. Founding members Members from 1948 Professional organisation Annual exhibitions of their work were organised by André Garban, assisted in the background by Emmanuel Sougez, founder in 1937 of the group Le Rectangle, a predecessor Parisian photographer association active until all professional organisations were dissolved during the Occupation under Vichy rule. Several Le Groupe des XV members had formerly been in Rectangle and in 1946 they regarded themselves and their invited recruits as friends who had a common interest in artistic photography, naming the group "by analogy with the spirit of team and the sports camaraderie that animates rugby clubs". Ethos The group's mani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eiffel Tower
The Eiffel Tower ( ; ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower from 1887 to 1889. Locally nicknamed "''La dame de fer''" (French for "Iron Lady"), it was constructed as the centrepiece of the Exposition Universelle (1889), 1889 World's Fair, and to crown the centennial anniversary of the French Revolution. Although initially criticised by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, it has since become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world. The tower received 5,889,000 visitors in 2022. The Eiffel Tower is the most visited monument with an entrance fee in the world: 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. It was designated a in 1964, and was named part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site ("Paris, Banks of the Seine") in 1991. The tower is tall, about the same height as an 81- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Française De Photographie
The Société française de photographie (SFP) is an association, founded on 15 November 1854, devoted to the history of photography. It has a large collection of photographs and old cameras. Among the founding members were Olympe Aguado, Hippolyte Bayard, Alexandre Edmond Becquerel, Eugène Durieu, Edmond Fierlants, Jean-Baptiste Louis Gros, Gustave Le Gray and Henri Victor Regnault. Henri Victor Regnault was the first president. Louise Leghait was the first woman member. History The Société française de photographie, founded on 15 November 1854, was based on the short-lived Société héliographique (1851) but differed in that it was less elitist and more forward-looking. Some accounts mistakenly link the two organizations more closely, referring simply to a change in the name with a view to giving the SFP the status of the world's oldest photography organization. A careful analysis of the Société héliographique describes in detail how the initial enthusiasm for the organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain (; 24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), better known as Marshal Pétain (, ), was a French marshal who commanded the French Army in World War I and later became the head of the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, collaborationist regime of Vichy France, from 1940 to 1944, during World War II. Pétain was admitted to the Saint-Cyr Military Academy in 1876 and pursued a career in the military, achieving the rank of colonel by the outbreak of World War I. He led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called "the Lion of Verdun" (). After the failed Nivelle Offensive and 1917 French Army mutinies, subsequent mutinies, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief and succeeded in restoring control. Pétain remained in command for the rest of the war and emerged as a national hero. During the interwar period, he was head of the peacetime French Army, commanded joint Franco-Spanish operations du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vichy France
Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the Battle of France, defeat against Germany. It was named after its seat of government, the city of Vichy. Officially independent, but with half of its Metropolitan France, territory occupied under the harsh terms of Armistice of 22 June 1940, the 1940 armistice with Nazi Germany, it adopted Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, a policy of collaboration. Though Paris was nominally its capital, the government established itself in Vichy in the unoccupied "free zone" (). The German military administration in occupied France during World War II, occupation of France by Germany at first affected only the northern and western portions of the country. In November 1942, the Allies Operation Torch, occupied French North Africa, and in response the Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Tuefferd
François Tuefferd (30 May 1912 – 17 December 1996) was a French photographer, active from the 1930s to the 1950s. He also ran a darkroom and gallery in Paris, ''Le Chasseur d'Images'', where he printed and exhibited the works of his contemporaries. His best-known imagery features the French circus. Biography Born into a well-to-do family on 30 May 1912 in Montbéliard (Doubs), Tuefferd was encouraged in his early interest in photography by his father, Henri Tuefferd, doctor and capable amateur photographer. His brother, Jean-Pierre, was mayor of Montbéliard from 1959 to 1965. Tuefferd studied at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris in 1920. He made his first photographs in 1925 with a Vest Pocket Kodak and on his first trip to Tunisia in 1929. Resident there in 1931 he joined the 4th Zouaves Regiment, and equipped with a Leica and a ''Spido'' press camera by L. Gaumont & Cie, he made portraits of soldiers and landscapes of the desert as well as documenting the Tunisian popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rue Saint-Jacques, Paris
The Rue Saint-Jacques () is a street in the Latin Quarter of Paris. History Formerly lying along the ''cardo'' of Roman Lutetia, this street was a main axial road of medieval Paris, as the buildings that still front it attest. It is the historic starting point, at no. 252, the Église Saint-Jacques-du-Haut-Pas, for pilgrims leaving Paris to make their way along the '' Chemin de Saint-Jacques'' that led eventually to Santiago de Compostela (James, Jacques, Jacob, and Iago being names of the same saint in English, French, Latin, and Spanish, respectively). However, the introduction of the Boulevard Saint-Michel, constructed through this old quarter of Paris by Baron Haussmann, relegated the roughly parallel Rue Saint-Jacques to a backstreet. The Paris base of the Dominican Order was established in 1218 under the leadership of Pierre Seilhan (or Seila) in the Chapelle Saint-Jacques, close to the Porte Saint-Jacques, on this street; this is why the Dominicans were called ''Jacobins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boulevard Des Italiens
The Boulevard des Italiens () is a boulevard in Paris. It is one of the 'Grands Boulevards' in Paris, a chain of boulevards built through the former course of the Wall of Charles V and the Louis XIII Wall, which were destroyed by the orders of Louis XIV. The origin of the name is the théâtre des Italiens built on it in 1783, shortly before the French Revolution on the site now occupied by the third Salle Favart. History The boulevard's former names were: *''boulevard Neuf'' ("New boulevard") *''boulevard du Dépôt'' (boulevard of the barrack), because of a barrack installed in 1764 on the corner of rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin *''boulevard de la Chaussée-d'Antin'' *''boulevard Cerutti'' with the name of a hôtel on the boulevard (during the French Revolution) *''le petit Coblence'' ("little Koblenz") after 1795, since many émigrés returning to France during the French Directory gathered on it (Koblenz had been a popular exile destination for them) *''boulevard de Gand' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaston Paris (photographer)
Gaston Paris (1903–1964) was a frequently published autodidactic photographer and journalist, notably for the magazine '' Vu''. Early life Born in Paris, 1903 (or 1905 according to some sources), from about 1908 he was in foster care with a family in Alençon, before his military service in the Ruhr. Little is known about his personal life. Career From 1929, aged 26, he published articles on films in ''Cinémagazine'', then photographed for ''Art et Médecine'' (from 1931) and reported for the theatrical review ''La Rampe'' (1932–1933), then worked alongside Roger Schall, Jean Morel, Louis Caillaud, Olga Solarics (Studio Manasse), and Brassaï for ''Paris Magazine'', a magazine of erotica. Such experience led him to be appointed under contract on July 1, 1933 (renewed in 1936) as the only salaried photographer for the magazine '' Vu'', for which he made more than 1,300 photos. His work was more widely recognized in 1936 with his participation in the International Exhibiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Jahan
Pierre Jahan (9 September 1909 – 21 February 2003) was a French photographer who often worked in a Surrealist style. Born in Amboise and introduced to photography by his family at a very early age, Jahan received his first professional commission when he moved to Paris in 1933, through a meeting with ad-man Raymond Gid. In 1936 he joined the Rectangle group of photographers. This group, founded by Emmanuel Sougez, among others, encouraged him in his career as a photographer. During the Occupation, he worked for the magazine ''Images de France'', making portraits of celebrity figures such as Colette, and he produced large series of pictures such as “La mort et les statues,” published in 1946 with a text by Jean Cocteau. They also co-published a book in which Cocteau's poem "Plain Chant" is illustrated by photographed nudes (1947). A passionate experimenter with a strong interest in Surrealism, Jahan produced many collages and photomontages, which he used freely for the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yvonne Chevalier
Yvonne Chevalier (18 January 1899 – 22 June 1982) was a French magazine photographer who was active from 1929 to 1970. Early life and education Yvonne Chevalier, née Gaulard, was born into a well-to-do Catholic family on 18 January 1899 in the 9th arrondissement of Paris where she completed her primary and secondary education before studying painting and drawing. She made her first photographs at the age of ten while on holiday at Saint-Valery-en-Caux. Career Gaulard married a doctor in 1920 and their daughter was born the next year. In 1925 Chevalier encountered the work of David Octavius Hill which she admired, and in 1929 she abandoned fine art for photography. She set up a studio in the Impasse Nansouty in the 14th arrondissement, Paris in 1930. Russian émigré writer Pierre Tugal interviewed the couple for an article “The masters of photography” in ''La Revue du Médecin'' of May that year which was illustrated predominantly with her photographs in the 'New Visi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Issy-les-Moulineaux
Issy-les-Moulineaux () is a commune in the southwestern suburban area of Paris, France, lying on the left bank of the river Seine. Its citizens are called in French. It is one of Paris's entrances and is located from Notre Dame Cathedral, which is considered Kilometre Zero in France. On 1 January 2010, Issy-les-Moulineaux became part of the ''Grand Paris Seine Ouest'' agglomeration community, which merged into the Métropole du Grand Paris in January 2016. Issy-les-Moulineaux has successfully moved its economy from an old manufacturing base to high value-added service sectors and is at the heart of the Val de Seine business district, the largest cluster of telecommunication and media businesses in France, hosting the headquarters of most major French television networks. Geography Issy-les-Moulineaux is a municipality located on the edge of the 15th arrondissement of Paris, along the main axis between Paris and Versailles, and on the left bank of the Seine. The town is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
