|
Lashon Harah
''Lashon hara'' (or ''loshon horo'', or ''loshon hora'') (; "evil tongue") is the halakhic term for speech about a person or persons that is negative or harmful to them, even though it is true. It is speech that damages the person(s) who is talked about either emotionally or financially, or lowers them in the estimation of others.Telushkin, Joseph. ''A Code of Jewish Ethics: Volume 1 - You Shall Be Holy''. New York: Bell Tower, 2006. p. 332. ''Lashon hara'' differs from the more severe prohibition of ''hotzaat shem ra'', "making a bad name," in that ''hotzaat shem ra'' consists of untrue statements. ''Lashon hara'' is considered to be a very serious sin in the Jewish tradition. The communicator of ''lashon hara'' (which is included in ''rechilut'') violates the Torah prohibition of ''lo telech rachil b'ameicha,'' translating to "thou shalt not go up and down as a among thy people" (''Leviticus 19:16'' KJV). Definition Speech is considered to be ''lashon hara'' (detraction) i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tazria
Tazria, Thazria, Thazri'a, Sazria, or Ki Tazria (, '[she] conceives', is the 13th word—and the first distinctive word—in the ''parashah'', wherein the root word means "seed") is the 27th weekly Torah portion (, ''parashah'') in the annual Judaism, Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Leviticus. The ''parashah'' deals with ritual impurity. It constitutes Leviticus 12:1–13:59. The ''parashah'' is made up of 3,667 Hebrew letters, 1,010 Hebrew words, 67 Chapters and verses of the Bible, verses, and 128 lines in a Torah Scroll (, ''sefer Torah''). Jews read it the 27th or 28th Shabbat after Simchat Torah, generally in April or, rarely, in late March or early May. The lunisolar calendar, lunisolar Hebrew calendar contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between 50 in common years and 54 or 55 in leap years. In leap years (e.g., 2024 and 2027), ''parashat'' Tazria is read independently. In common years (e.g., 2025, 2026, and 2028), ''parashat'' Tazri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torah
The Torah ( , "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. The Torah is also known as the Pentateuch () or the Five Books of Moses. In Rabbinical Jewish tradition it is also known as the Written Torah (, ). If meant for liturgic purposes, it takes the form of a Torah scroll ( '' Sefer Torah''). If in bound book form, it is called '' Chumash'', and is usually printed with the rabbinic commentaries (). In rabbinic literature, the word ''Torah'' denotes both the five books ( "Torah that is written") and the Oral Torah (, "Torah that is spoken"). It has also been used, however, to designate the entire Hebrew Bible. The Oral Torah consists of interpretations and amplifications which according to rabbinic tradition have been handed down from generation to generation and are now embodied in the Talmud and Midrash. Rabbinic tradition's underst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detraction
In Christian theology, detraction is the sin of revealing another person's real faults to a third person without a valid reason, thereby lessening the reputation of that person. Distinction from calumny Detraction differs from the sin of calumny and the civil wrong of defamation, which generally involve false accusations rather than unflattering truths. The Catholic Encyclopedia clarifies: :Detraction is the unjust damaging of another's good name by the revelation of some fault or crime of which that other is really guilty or at any rate is seriously believed to be guilty by the defamer. :An important difference between detraction and calumny is at once apparent. The calumniator says what he knows to be false, whilst the detractor narrates what he at least honestly thinks is true. Gravity According to J. Delaney of Catholic Encyclopedia, "Detraction in a general sense is a mortal sin, as being a violation of the virtue not only of charity but also of justice. It is obvious, ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashkafa
''Hashkafa'' (; plural ''hashkafot'', ''hashkafos'', ''hashkafas'') is the Hebrew term for worldview and guiding philosophy, used almost exclusively within Orthodox Judaism. A ''hashkafa'' is a perspective that Orthodox Jews adopt that defines many aspects of their lives. ''Hashkafa'' thus plays a crucial role in how these interact with the world around them, and influences individual beliefs about secularity, gender roles, and modernity. In that it guides many practical decisions—where to send children to school, what synagogue to attend, and what community to live in—''hashkafa'' works in conjunction with ''halakha'' or Jewish law. ''Hashkafot'' Although there are numerous ''hashkafas'' within Orthodox Judaism—allegorically there are "seventy faces to Torah" (''shivim panim la-Torah'')—they may be grouped broadly as Haredi, Hasidic and Modern Orthodox / Religious Zionist, with different approaches and emphases concerning specific topics. Other ''hashkafas'' inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dina D'malkhuta Dina
Dina d'malkhuta dina (alternative spelling: dina de-malkhuta dina; , or "the law of the land is the law") is a principle in Jewish religious law that the civil law of the country is binding upon the Jewish inhabitants of that country, and, in certain cases, is to be preferred to Jewish law. The law of the land and its binding on Jewish citizens pertains, however, exclusively to monetary matters. The concept of ''dina de-malkhuta dina'' is similar to the concept of conflict of laws in other legal systems. It appears in at least twenty-five places in the '' Shulchan Arukh''. The principle of ''dina d'malkhuta dina'' means that, for Jews, obedience to the civil law of the country in which they live is viewed as a religiously mandated obligation and disobedience is a transgression, according to Jewish law. This general principle is subject, however, to the qualifications that the government enacting the law must be one which is recognized by Jewish law as having legitimacy; the law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HaShem
Hashem ( Hebrew: ''haššēm'') People with the given name * Hashem Aghajari (born 1957), Iranian historian * Hashem Akbari (born 1949), Iranian-American professor at Concordia University * Hashem Akbarian (1897–1971), Iranian wrestler * Mirza Hashem Amoli (1899–1993), Iranian ayatollah * Hashem Beikzadeh (born 1984), Iranian footballer * Hashem Kolahi (1956-2024), Iranian Olympic wrestler * M. Hashem Pesaran (born 1946), British-Iranian economist * Hashem Safieddine (1964–2024), Lebanese Shia cleric and Hezbollah militant leader * Mohammad Hashem Taufiqui (1942–2021), Afghan politician People with the surname * Abdullah Hashem (born 1983), Egyptian-American religious leader and founder of the Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light * Ibrahim Hashem (1888–1958), Jordanian lawyer and politician * Nadia Hashem (died 2023), Jordanian journalist and politician Tribes with the given name * See also * Hashim * Hasham (other) * Hashemites * Names of Go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
613 Mitzvot
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (). Although the number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud, its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic literature, including many works listing or arranged by the . The most famous of these was an enumeration of the 613 commandments by Maimonides. While the total number of commandments is 613, no individual can perform all of them. Many can only be observed at the Temple in Jerusalem, which no longer stands. According to one standard reckoning, there are 77 positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today, of which there are 26 commandments that apply only within the Land of Israel. In addition, some commandments only apply to certain categories of Jews: some are only observed by '' kohanim'', and others only by men or by women. Symbolism of 613 Rav Hamnuna sourced the count of 613 in the verse ("Moses commanded us the Torah..."). The Talmud notes that the Hebrew numerical value ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chofetz Chaim
The ''Sefer'' ''Chofetz Chaim'' (or ''Chafetz Chaim'' or ''Hafetz Hayim'') (, trans. "Pursuer of Life") is a book by Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan, who is also called "the Chofetz Chaim" after it. The book deals with the Jewish laws of speech. The title of the ''Chafetz Chaim'' is taken from Psalms: The book's subject is ''Hilchoth Shmirath HaLashon'' (laws of clean speech). Kagan provides copious sources from the Torah, Talmud, and ''Rishonim'' about the severity of Jewish law on tale-mongering and gossip. Lashon hara, literally "'the evil tongue", i.e., evil speech (or loosely gossip and slander and prohibitions of defamation), is sometimes translated as "prohibitions of slander", but most commonly concerns the prohibitions of saying evil/bad/unpleasant things, whether or not they are true. The book is divided into three parts: * The legal text is ''Mekor Chayim'' ("Source of Life"). * ''Be'er Mayim Chayim'' ("Well of living water"), the footnotes and legal argument. * It is co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yisrael Meir Kagan
Yisrael Meir ha-Kohen Kagan (February 6, 1838 – September 15, 1933) was an influential Lithuanian Jewish rabbi, Halakhist, posek, and ethicist whose works continue to be widely influential in Orthodox Jewish life. He was known popularly as the Chofetz Chaim, after his book on lashon hara, and was also well known for the Mishna Berurah, his book on ritual law. Biography Kagan was born on February 6, 1838 in Dzienciol (), Grodno Governorate in Russian Empire (today Dzyatlava in Belarus), and died on 15 September 1933 in Raduń (), Nowogródek Voivodeship in Second Polish Republic (now in Belarus). When Kagan was ten years old, his father died in a cholera epidemic at the age of 46. His mother moved the family to Vilnius in order to continue her son's Jewish education. While in Vilnius, Kagan became a student of Jacob Barit. Kagan's mother remarried and moved to Radin, taking the name of her new husband, Poupko, which the young Kagan adopted as well. At 17, he married the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Of Numbers
The Book of Numbers (from Biblical Greek, Greek Ἀριθμοί, ''Arithmoi'', , ''Bəmīḏbar'', ; ) is the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible and the fourth of five books of the Jewish Torah. The book has a long and complex history; its final form is possibly due to a Priestly source, Priestly redaction (i.e., editing) of a Yahwistic source made sometime in the early Yehud medinata, Persian period (5th century BC). The name of the book comes from the two censuses taken of the Israelites. Numbers is one of the better-preserved books of the Torah, Pentateuch. Fragments of the Ketef Hinnom scrolls containing verses from Numbers have been dated as far back as the late seventh or early sixth century BC. These verses are the earliest known artifacts to be found in the Hebrew Bible text. Numbers begins at Mount Sinai, where the Israelites have received their Covenant (biblical), laws and covenant from God in Judaism, God and God has taken up residence among them in the Tabernacle, san ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arakhin
Arakhin () is the fifth tractate in Kodashim in the Talmud. It deals mostly with the details of the laws in in Rabbinic Judaism. Chapters Chapters 1–6 are based on and deal with the vows of donating one's prescribed value as part of the dedication to the Temple in Jerusalem The Temple in Jerusalem, or alternatively the Holy Temple (; , ), refers to the two religious structures that served as the central places of worship for Israelites and Jews on the modern-day Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. Accord ... as well as other gifts to the treasury of the Temple. Chapters 7-8 explain the redemption from the Temple of an inherited field according to . Chapter 8 addresses the herem, one of the twenty-four priestly gifts, according to , while the last chapter deals with the laws of ancestral fields and houses in walled cities and how they are redeemed according to . References {{Judaism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
