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Lake Hamrin
Lake Hamrin is a human-made lake approximately north-east of Baqubah, in Iraq's Diyala Governorate. The town of Hamrin sits on the western shore of the lake, both of which are at the southern tip of the Hamrin mountains. The Hemrin Dam, which creates Lake Hamrin, was established in 1981 as an artificial dam to hold over two billion cubic metres of water. It is a source of fish and also provides water for nearby date palm orchards and other farms. In June 2008, it was reported that due to Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...ian damming of the Alwand River, the lake had lost nearly 80% of its capacity. Archaeological excavations In the late 1970s, prior to the flooding of the lake, several archaeological sites in the flood plain were excavated. Excavations were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diyala Governorate
Diyala Governorate ( ) or Diyala Province is a Governorates of Iraq, governorate in northeastern Iraq. Provincial Government *Governor: Muthanna al-Tamimi *Deputy Governor: Mohammed Jassim al-Jubouri Council Geography Diyala Governorate extends to the northeast of Baghdad as far as the Iran–Iraq border, Iranian border. Its Capital (political), capital is Baqubah. It covers an area of 17,685 square kilometres (6,828 sq mi). A large portion of the province is drained by the Diyala River, a major tributary of the Tigris. Because of its proximity to two major sources of water, Diyala's main industry is agriculture, primarily Phoenix dactylifera, dates grown in large groves. The province also contains one of the largest olive groves in the Middle East. It is also recognized as the Orange (fruit), orange capital of the Middle East. The Hamrin Mountains pass through the governorate. Population The governorate is home to a diverse population of Arabs, Kurds and Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubaid Period
The Ubaid period (c. 5500–3700 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia. The name derives from Tell al-'Ubaid where the earliest large excavation of Ubaid period material was conducted initially in 1919 by Henry Hall, Leonard Woolley in 1922-1923, and later by Pinhas Delougaz in 1937.P. Delougaz, "A Short Investigation of the Temple at Al-’Ubaid", Iraq, vol. 5, pp. 1–11, 1938 Excavations continue into the present day. In Southern Mesopotamia, this period marks the earliest known human settlements on the alluvial plain, although it is likely earlier periods exist that are obscured under the alluvium. In the south it has a very long duration between about 5500 and 3800 BC when it is replaced by the Uruk period. In Northern Mesopotamia the period runs only between about 5300 and 4300 BC. It is preceded by the Halaf period and the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period and succeeded by the Late Chalcolithic period. History of research The excavators of Eridu and Tell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reservoirs In Iraq
A reservoir (; ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam, usually built to store fresh water, often doubling for hydroelectric power generation. Reservoirs are created by controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an embayment within it, excavating, or building any number of retaining walls or levees to enclose any area to store water. Types Dammed valleys Dammed reservoirs are artificial lakes created and controlled by a dam constructed across a valley and rely on the natural topography to provide most of the basin of the reservoir. These reservoirs can either be ''on-stream reservoirs'', which are located on the original streambed of the downstream river and are filled by creeks, rivers or rainwater that runs off the surrounding forested catchments, or '' off-stream reservoirs'', which receive diverted water from a nearby stream or aqueduct or pipeline water from other on-stream reservoirs. Dams are typically l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Roaf
Michael Douglas Roaf (born 20 May 1947) is a British archaeologist specialising in ancient Iranian studies and Assyriology. Roaf studied the archaeology of Western Asia at University College London, and wrote his doctoral thesis, ''Sculptures and Sculptors at Persepolis'' (published 1983) at the University of Oxford. From 1981 to 1985 he was the director of the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. He also taught at the University of California, Berkeley, and is currently Professor of Near Eastern Archaeology at the University of Munich. Roaf has conducted fieldwork in Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Bahrain. In Iran he dug at Tepe Nush-i Jan under the direction of David Stronach, with whom he wrote ''Nush-i Jan I. The Major Buildings of the Median Settlement''. With the Munich University team, he has recently worked on the archaeological expeditions at Gircano and Ziyaret Tepe, ancient Tushhan, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly locate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tell Rashid
Tell Rashid is a tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. The site lies in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains, some south of Tell Abada, another Ubaid period site. It measures 54 by 30 m and extends 2.5 m above the surrounding plain. Tell Rashid was excavated for a single season in 1978 under the direction of Sabah Abboud Jasim as part of the archaeological salvage work being done for the construction of the Hemrin Dam. The excavation trench reached a depth of 5 m, at which point virgin soil (undisturbed by human activity) was reached. Four different occupation levels were recognised, all dating to the Ubaid period. Occupation history The oldest level, IV, consists of some mudbrick foundations that were part of a larger building that extended beyond the excavated area. Based on the ceramics, the level could be dated to Ubaid 2. Level III yielded significant architectural remains, consisting of at least three separate buildings. Two of these we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tell Saadiya
Tell Saadiya (also Tell es-Saadiya) is a tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate (Iraq). Archaeological research Excavations at the site were conducted in 1979–1980. They were part of an international salvage operation organized by the Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities which aimed to protect historical monuments in the Gebel Hamrin region endangered by the building of a dam on the Diyala River{{Cite journal, last=Kozłowski, first=Stefan Karol, last2=Bieliński, first2=Piotr, date=1979, title=Tell El Saadiya, url=http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Informator_Archeologiczny_badania/Informator_Archeologiczny_badania-r1979-t13/Informator_Archeologiczny_badania-r1979-t13-s289-290/Informator_Archeologiczny_badania-r1979-t13-s289-290.pdf, journal=Informator Archeologiczny, volume=13 (Hamrin program, Hamrin Dam Salvage Project). Archaeological works at Tell Saadiya were carried out by a team from the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tell Madhur
Tell Madhur (also Madhhur) is a Tell (archaeology), tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate (Iraq). The site was excavated due to it being flooded by the Lake Hamrin, reservoir created by the Hemrin Dam, Hamrin Dam. Madhur is best known for its particularly well-preserved Ubaid house. A significant Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia), Early Dynastic occupation, consisting of a rounded building typical for the Hamrin region at the time, has also been attested at Madhur. The site and its environment The Tell (archaeology), tell measures 100 by 80 m and rises 2.5 m above the surrounding plain. The archaeological deposits extended some 4 m below the current surface of the plain as well, indicating that considerable soil accumulation must have taken place since Madhur was first settled. History of research Tell Madhur was excavated for four seasons between 1977 and 1980 by the British Archaeological Expedition to Iraq as part of the large, international Resc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tell Abada
Tell Abada is a Tell (archaeology), tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate (Iraq). Abada was excavated as part of the Rescue archaeology, archaeological salvage operation to excavate sites that would be flooded by the reservoir of the Hemrin Dam, Hamrin Dam. Excavations revealed occupation levels dating to the Ubaid period, Ubaid 1-3 periods. The site is important because it was one of the few where an Ubaid period settlement could be excavated in its entirety. The site and its environment The site lies in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains in the Hamrin Mountains, Hamrin region, east of the Diyala River and southeast of Sadiyah. It measures 190 by 150 m and rises 3.5 m above the surrounding plain. Another nearby Ubaid period site is Tell Rashid, which is located north of Tell Abada. History of research Tell Abada was excavated for a single season from December 1977 until July 1978 under the direction of Sabah Abboud Jasim. The excavation was part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alwand River
The Alwand or Halwan (, , ) is a river in eastern Iraq and western Iran. It rises in the Zagros Mountains in Iran. The river flows west from the mountains to the city of Qasr-e Shirin, where it turns south and crosses the border with Iraq. It then divides the city of Khanaqin in two parts. It has played a significant role in land cultivation and in establishment of a strong rural society in the area, and is considered by the people of Khanaqin a symbol for their unity and Kurdish identity. The river joins the Diyala River at Zengabadh. Name According to Vladimir Minorsky, the name "Alwand" is related to the name of the historical city of Hulwan, which lay on the river near the present-day city of Sarpol-e Zahab. Geography The Alwand basin is located on the western side of the Zagros and covers an area of about 2,700 km2. The climate of this region is semiarid to Mediterranean, with cool winters and dry summers. It receives an average of about 530 mm of rainfall pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reservoir
A reservoir (; ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam, usually built to water storage, store fresh water, often doubling for hydroelectric power generation. Reservoirs are created by controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an Bay, embayment within it, excavating, or building any number of retaining walls or levees to enclose any area to store water. Types Dammed valleys Dammed reservoirs are artificial lakes created and controlled by a dam constructed across a valley and rely on the natural topography to provide most of the basin of the reservoir. These reservoirs can either be ''on-stream reservoirs'', which are located on the original streambed of the downstream river and are filled by stream, creeks, rivers or rainwater that surface runoff, runs off the surrounding forested catchments, or ''off-stream reservoirs'', which receive water diversion, diverted water from a nearby stream or aqueduct (water supply), aq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a Ethnicities in Iran, multi-ethnic population of over 92 million in an area of , Iran ranks 17th globally in both List of countries and dependencies by area, geographic size and List of countries and dependencies by population, population. It is the List of Asian countries by area, sixth-largest country entirely in Asia and one of the world's List of mountains in Iran, most mountainous countries. Officially an Islamic republic, Iran is divided into Regions of Iran, five regions with Provinces of Iran, 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's Capital city, capital, List of cities in Iran by province, largest city and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Date Palm
''Phoenix dactylifera'', commonly known as the date palm, is a flowering-plant species in the palm family Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet #Fruits, fruit called dates. The species is widely cultivated across North Africa, northern Africa, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa, Australia, South Asia, and the desert regions of Southern California in the United States. It is Naturalisation (biology), naturalized in many Tropics, tropical and Subtropics, subtropical regions worldwide. ''P. dactylifera'' is the type species of genus ''Phoenix (plant), Phoenix'', which contains 12–19 species of wild date palms. Date palms reach up to 60–110 feet in height, growing singly or forming a Clumping (biology), clump with several stems from a single root system. Slow-growing, they can reach over 100years of age when maintained properly. Date fruits (dates) are oval-cylindrical, long, and about in diameter, with colour ranging from dark brown to bright red or yellow, depen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
