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LNER Class A3 2750 Papyrus
LNER Class A3 2750 ''Papyrus'' was a 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotive built for the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) at Doncaster Works to a design of Nigel Gresley, entering service in March 1929. Primarily used to haul express passenger trains on the East Coast Main Line by LNER and its successor, British Railways, it is notable for achieving what was at the time a world record-breaking speed for a steam locomotive of 108 mph on 5 March, 1935., pp. 79-138. A fictionalized account based on the locomotive's service history and speed record, ''2750: Legend of a Locomotive'' by H.C. Webster, was published in 1953 and reprinted in 2016. Reprinted (2016) by John Broadley (ISBN 9780950701417). History The LNER Class A3 locomotives were first produced in 1927, as a development of the original Gresley Pacifics, the A1 Class introduced in 1922. Early improvements in the design were identified and implemented as the result of trials and test runs occurring in 1924/25. They i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nigel Gresley
Sir Herbert Nigel Gresley (19 June 1876 – 5 April 1941) was a British railway engineer. He was one of Britain's most famous steam locomotive engineers, who rose to become Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER). He was the designer of some of the most famous steam locomotives in Britain, including the GNR Class A1, LNER Class A1 and LNER Class A4 Whyte notation, 4-6-2 4-6-2, Pacific engines. An A1 Pacific, ''LNER Class A3 4472 Flying Scotsman, Flying Scotsman'', was the first steam locomotive officially recorded over 100 mph in passenger service, and an A4, No. 4468 ''LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard, Mallard'', still holds the record for being the fastest steam locomotive in the world (126 mph). Gresley's engines were considered elegant, both aesthetically and mechanically. His invention of a three-cylinder design with only two sets of Walschaerts valve gear, the Gresley conjugated valve gear, produced smooth running and power at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railways Act 1921
The Railways Act 1921 ( 11 & 12 Geo. 5. c. 55), also known as the Grouping Act, was an act of Parliament enacted by the British government, and was intended to stem the losses being made by many of the country's 120 railway companies, by "grouping" them into four large companies, dubbed the " Big Four". The system of the "Big Four" lasted until the nationalization of the railways in 1947. During World War I, the British government took control, although not ownership, of British railways. The intention was to reduce inefficient internal competition between railway companies, and retain some of the benefits which the country had derived from a government-controlled railway system during the war. The provisions of the act took effect from the start of 1923. History The British railway system had been built up by more than a hundred railway companies, large and small, and often, particularly locally, in competition with each other. The parallel railways of the East Midlands, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rail Transport Modelling
Railway modelling (UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland) or model railroading (US and Canada) is a hobby in which rail transport systems are Model building, modelled at a reduced Scale (ratio), scale. The scale models include locomotives, rolling stock, streetcars, rail tracks, tracks, Railway signal, signalling, Crane (machine), cranes, and landscapes including: countryside, roads, bridges, buildings, vehicles, harbors, urban landscape, model figures, lights, and features such as rivers, hills, tunnels, and canyons. The earliest model railways were the 'carpet railways' in the 1840s. The first documented model railway was the Railway of the Prince Imperial (French: Chemin de fer du Prince Impérial) built in 1859 by Emperor Napoleon III for his then 3-year-old son, also Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial, Napoleon, in the grounds of the Château de Saint-Cloud in Paris. It was powered by clockwork and ran in a figure-of-eight. Electric trains appeared around the start of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Chapelon
André Chapelon (26 October 1892 – 22 July 1978) was a French mechanical engineer and designer of advanced steam locomotives. A graduate engineer of Ecole Centrale Paris, he was one of very few locomotive designers who brought a rigorous scientific method to their design, and he sought to apply up-to-date theories and knowledge in subjects such as thermodynamics, and gas and fluid flow. Chapelon's work was an early example of what would later be called modern steam, and influenced the work of many later designers of those locomotives, such as Livio Dante Porta. Life and career André Xavier Chapelon was born in Saint-Paul-en-Cornillon, Loire, France on 26 October 1892. According to family relatives, his great-grandfather James Jackson immigrated to France from England in 1812, one of many who came to France in the 19th century to teach steel production methods. He achieved a distinction in mathematics and science, and served as an artillery officer during World War I before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard
LNER Class A4 4468 ''Mallard'' is a 4-6-2 ("Pacific") steam locomotive built in 1938 for operation on the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) at Doncaster Works to a design of Nigel Gresley. Its streamlined, wind tunnel tested design allowed it to haul long-distance express passenger services at high speeds. On 3 July 1938, ''Mallard'' broke the world speed record for steam locomotives at , which still stands today. While in British Railways days regular steam-hauled rail services in the UK were officially limited to a 'line speed', before the war, the A4s had to run significantly above just to keep schedule on trains such as the ''Silver Jubilee'' and '' The Coronation'', with the engines reaching 100 mph on many occasions. ''Mallard'' covered almost one and a half million miles (2.4 million km) before it was retired in 1963. The locomotive is long and weighs 165 long tons (168 tonnes, 369,600 lbs), including the tender. It is painted in LNER garter blue with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LMS Coronation Class
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Coronation Class is a class of express passenger steam locomotives designed by William Stanier. They were an enlarged and improved version of his previous design, the LMS Princess Royal Class, and on test were some of the most powerful steam locomotives ever used in Britain at 2,511 dbhp. The locomotives were specifically designed for power as it was intended to use them on express services between London Euston and Glasgow Central; their duties were to include the hauling of a proposed non-stop express, subsequently named the '' Coronation Scot''. The first ten locomotives of the Coronation class were built in a streamlined form in 1937 by the addition of a steel streamlined casing. Five of these ten were specifically set aside to pull the ''Coronation Scot''. Although a later batch of five unstreamlined locomotives was produced in 1938, most of the ensuing Coronation class were outshopped as streamliners. From 1944 until produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LNER Class A4 2509 Silver Link
LNER LNER Class A4, Class A4 2509 ''Silver Link'' was a 4-6-2 "Pacific" Steam locomotive, Steam Locomotive built in 1935 for the London and North Eastern Railway. It was the first of the Streamlined Class A4s built to haul express passenger trains on the East Coast Main Line (ECML). No. 2509 was one of the four A4s to be painted in a special two-tone grey livery to pull a new train called the Silver Jubilee (train), ''Silver Jubilee''. History ''Silver Link'' entered service with a demonstration journey departing from London King's Cross railway station, King's Cross Station on 27 September 1935. 2509 reached a top speed of , breaking all previous UK records. The record provoked the LNER and their chief rival the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) into a highly competitive speed war, each attempting to outdo the other by building ever faster locomotives. The main protagonists were Sir Nigel Gresley, LNER's chief mechanical engineer, and his counterpart at LMS, Sir Willia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streamliner
A streamliner is a vehicle incorporating streamlining in a shape providing reduced air resistance. The term is applied to high-speed railway trainsets of the 1930s to 1950s, and to their successor " bullet trains". Less commonly, the term is applied to fully faired upright and recumbent bicycles. As part of the Streamline Moderne trend, the term was applied to passenger cars, trucks, and other types of light-, medium-, or heavy-duty vehicles, but now vehicle streamlining is so prevalent that it is not an outstanding characteristic. In land speed racing, it is a term applied to the long, slender, custom built, high-speed vehicles with enclosed wheels. Trains Before World War II Europe * Germany, 1930: The first high-speed streamliner in Germany was the '' Schienenzeppelin'', an experimental propeller-driven single car, built in 1930. On 21 June 1931, the car set a speed record of on a run between Berlin and Hamburg. In 1932 the propeller was removed and a h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peterborough
Peterborough ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in the City of Peterborough district in the Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, England. The city is north of London, on the River Nene. As of the 2021 census, Peterborough had a population of 192,178, while the population of the district was 215,673. Human settlement in the area began before the Bronze Age, as can be seen at the Flag Fen archaeological site to the east of the city centre. There is evidence of Ancient Rome, Roman occupation. The History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxon period saw the establishment of a monastery, Medeshamstede, which later became Peterborough Cathedral. In the 19th century, the population grew rapidly after the coming of the railway. The area became known for its brickworks and engineering. After the Second World War, industrial employment fell and growth was limited until Peterborough was designated a New towns in the United Kingdom, n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grantham
Grantham () is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England, situated on the banks of the River Witham and bounded to the west by the A1 road (Great Britain), A1 road. It lies south of Lincoln, England, Lincoln and east of Nottingham. The population in 2016 was put at 44,580. The town is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of the South Kesteven District. Grantham was the birthplace of the UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Isaac Newton was educated at The King's School, Grantham, the King's School. The town was the workplace of the UK's first warranted female police officer, Edith Smith (police officer), Edith Smith in 1914. The UK's first running diesel engine was made there in 1892 and the first tractor in 1896. Thomas Paine worked there as an excise officer in the 1760s. The villages of Manthorpe, Grantham, Manthorpe, Great Gonerby, Barrowby, Londonthorpe and Harlaxton form outlying suburbs of the town. Etymology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NER Dynamometer Car
The North Eastern Railway Dynamometer Car is a preserved railway dynamometer car. Built in 1906 by the North Eastern Railway (NER) at Darlington Works, its role was to scientifically measure the performance of trains in order to effect improvements. It initially ran as number 3591 and was painted in the NER's Crimson Lake livery. In 1923 it was included in the acquisition of the NER by the LNER, and used extensively by Chief Engineer Nigel Gresley. In 1924 it was renumbered as 3591Y and painted in a lined imitation teak finish. In 1928 it was updated with Gresley's design of bogies and renumbered 23591. In 1938 it was used to record world record high speed runs on the East Coast Main Line behind 4468 ''Mallard''. Post war it was renumbered 902502. It was used in the 1948 Locomotive Exchange Trials by British Railways, and in late 1948 was repainted and renumbered as E902502, still with the imitation teak finish, but unlined. Its last use was in 1951, and was prepared for displa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flying Scotsman (train)
The ''Flying Scotsman'' is an express passenger train service that operates between Edinburgh and London, the capitals of Scotland and England, respectively, via the East Coast Main Line. The service began in 1862 as the ''Special Scotch Express'' until it was officially adopted in 1924. It is currently operated by London North Eastern Railway. History The East Coast Main Line over which the ''Flying Scotsman'' service runs was built in the 19th century by many small railway companies, but mergers and acquisitions led to only three companies controlling the route; the North British Railway (NBR), the North Eastern Railway (NER) and the Great Northern Railway (GNR). In 1860 the three companies established the East Coast Joint Stock for through services using common vehicles, and it is from this agreement that the ''Flying Scotsman'' came about. Operation The first ''Special Scotch Express'' ran in 1862, with simultaneous departures at 10:00 from the GNR's London Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
