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LC3 (codec)
LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec) is an audio codec specified by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) for the LE Audio audio protocol introduced in Bluetooth 5.2. It's developed by Fraunhofer IIS and Ericsson as the successor of the SBC codec. Mono only LC3-SBW is also supported over Bluetooth Classic HFP 1.9, improving on mSBC. It is possible to send 4 LC3 streams to LE audio earbuds, like Samsung's Buds2 Pro. Codec LC3 provides higher audio quality and better packet loss concealment than SBC, G.722 and Opus, according to subjective testing by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group and ETSI. The conclusion regarding Opus is disputed as the test only included speech audio, but the comparison was made to version 1.1.4 of the reference Opus encoder, using complexity level 0 at 32 kbps and relying on CELT (general audio) instead of the FEC-capable SILK (speech); the test also did not take into account the newer version 1.2 of the Opus encoder released in 2017 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audio Codec
An audio codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream (a codec) that encodes or decodes audio. In software, an audio codec is a computer program implementing an algorithm that compresses and decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file or streaming media audio coding format. The objective of the algorithm is to represent the high-fidelity audio signal with a minimum number of bits while retaining quality. This can effectively reduce the storage space and the bandwidth required for transmission of the stored audio file. Most software codecs are implemented as libraries which interface to one or more multimedia players. Most modern audio compression algorithms are based on modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) coding and linear predictive coding (LPC). In hardware, audio codec refers to a single device that encodes analog audio as digital signals and decodes digital back into analog. In other words, it contai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AptX
aptX (''apt'' stands for ''audio processing technology'') is a family of proprietary audio codec compression algorithms owned by Qualcomm, with a heavy emphasis on wireless audio applications. History The original compression algorithm was developed in the 1980s by Dr. Stephen Smyth as part of his Ph.D. research at Queen's University Belfast School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Its design is based on time domain ADPCM principles without psychoacoustic auditory masking techniques. The algorithm was then commercialized under the name aptX and first introduced to the commercial market as a semiconductor product, a custom programmed DSP integrated circuit with part name APTX100ED, which was initially adopted by broadcast automation equipment manufacturers who required a means to store CD-quality audio on a computer hard disk drive for automatic playout during a radio show, for example, hence replacing the task of the disc jockey. The company w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A2DP
In order to use Bluetooth, a device must be compatible with the subset of Bluetooth ''profiles'' (often called services or functions) necessary to use the desired services. A Bluetooth profile is a specification regarding an aspect of Bluetooth-based wireless communication between devices. It resides on top of the Bluetooth Core Specification and (optionally) additional protocols. While the profile may use certain features of the core specification, specific versions of profiles are rarely tied to specific versions of the core specification, making them independent of each other. For example, there are Hands-Free Profile (HFP) 1.5 implementations using both Bluetooth 2.0 and Bluetooth 1.2 core specifications. The way a device uses Bluetooth depends on its profile capabilities. The profiles provide standards that manufacturers follow to allow devices to use Bluetooth in the intended manner. For the Bluetooth Low Energy stack, according to Bluetooth 4.0 a special set of profiles app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Source-available Software
Source-available software is software released through a source code distribution model that includes arrangements where the source can be viewed, and in some cases modified, but without necessarily meeting the criteria to be called ''open-source''. The licenses associated with the offerings range from allowing code to be viewed for reference to allowing code to be modified and redistributed for both commercial and non-commercial purposes. Distinction from free and open-source software Any software is ''source-available'' in the broad sense as long as its source code is distributed along with it, even if the user has no legal rights to use, share, modify or even compile it. It is possible for a software to be both source-available software and proprietary software (e.g. id Software's '' Doom''). In contrast, the definitions of free software and open-source software are much narrower. Free software and/or open-source software is also always ''source-available software'', but no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LHDC (codec)
Low Latency High-Definition Audio Codec (LHDC) is an audio codec technology developed by Savitech. LHDC allows high-resolution audio streaming over Bluetooth. It is a high-quality Bluetooth codec based on the A2DP Bluetooth protocol and allows a bit-rate of up to 1000 kbps compared to SBC's bit rate of 345 kbps. LHDC is an alternative to Bluetooth SIG's SBC and LC3 codecs. Its main competitors are Qualcomm's aptX-HD/ aptX Adaptive, Huawei 's L2HC and Sony's LDAC codec. Starting from Android 10, enumeration constant symbols for LHDC and LLAC are part of the Android Open Source Project, enabling every OEM to integrate this standard into their own Android devices freely. Older versions of Android require LHDC/LLAC enumeration constant symbols to be implemented by the smartphone manufacturers or Android app. Android apps with this type of LHDC support include Savitech's Hi-Res BT Player, FiiO Music, HIFIMAN Music and DA&T Audio. LHDC LHDC supports bitrates of 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LDAC (codec)
LDAC (Lossless Digital Audio Codec) is a proprietary software, proprietary audio codec, audio coding technology developed by Sony, which allows streaming Lossy compression, lossy audio over Bluetooth connections at up to 990 kbps at 32 bits/96 kHz. Despite this, Sony markets LDAC as "lossless" and "high-resolution," declaring the quality to be better than true lossless, high-resolution audio. It is used by various products, including headphones, earphones, smartphones, portable media players, active speakers, and home theaters. The encoder of LDAC is open-source under Apache License 2.0, so that any device can be coded to transmit LDAC streams without patent or licensing issues. The decoder design remains proprietary. Audio coding LDAC is an alternative to Bluetooth Special Interest Group, Bluetooth SIG's SBC (codec), SBC codec. Its main competitors are Huawei's L2HC, Qualcomm's AptX#aptX HD, aptX-HD/AptX#aptX Adaptive, aptX Adaptive and the HWA Union/Savitech's LHDC (codec) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCL6
Master Quality Authenticated (MQA) is a proprietary system for delivering high-quality digital audio. The system includes audio signal processing, lossy audio compression and authentication. MQA requires licensing fees to use. The system was launched in 2014 by Meridian Audio, and is now owned by Lenbrook. The MQA system is a three-part process applied to digital audio music recordings consisting of 1) modifying and controlling the end-to-end digital filter response; 2) preparing the audio for transfer to a smartphone or audio device using a lossy audio compression format with authentication; and 3) decompressing the recording for playback. There has been controversy regarding several aspects of MQA. These aspects include but are not limited to whether the audio signal processing improves or degrades the sound quality, whether the lossy audio compression degrades the sound quality, the utility of the authentication function, and the effect of licensing fees on music recordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Audio Society
The Japan Audio Society (JAS; Japanese: 一般社団法人日本オーディオ協会) is a non-profit organization based in Japan, dedicated to the advancement of audio technology and the promotion of high-fidelity sound reproduction. Established in 1952, JAS collaborates with audio manufacturers, engineers, and researchers to set standards that ensure high-quality audio experiences for consumers and professionals alike. Hi-Res Audio Certification JAS administers the Hi-Res Audio certification program, which identifies audio devices capable of reproducing high-resolution sound. To qualify for this certification, products must meet specific technical criteria, including: Analog Performance * Microphone frequency response of 40 kHz or higher. * Amplifier performance supporting frequencies of 40 kHz or higher. * Speaker and headphone capabilities extending to 40 kHz or higher. Digital Performance * Recording formats supporting at least 96 kHz/24-bit. * Input/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) is a cordless telephone, cordless telephony standard maintained by ETSI. It originated in Europe, where it is the common standard, replacing earlier standards, such as CT1 and CT2. Since the DECT-2020 standard onwards, it also includes Internet of things, IoT communication. Beyond Europe, it has been adopted by Australia and most countries in Asia and South America. North American adoption was delayed by United States radio-frequency regulations. This forced development of a variation of DECT called DECT 6.0, using a slightly different frequency range, which makes these units incompatible with systems intended for use in other areas, even from the same manufacturer. DECT has almost completely replaced other standards in most countries where it is used, with the exception of North America. DECT was originally intended for fast roaming between networked base stations, and the first DECT product was Net3, Net3 wireless LAN. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PipeWire
PipeWire is a low-level server and multimedia framework for handling audio and video streams on Linux. Created by Wim Taymans at Red Hat, it aims to unify audio and video processing by providing low-latency capture and playback functionality. Pipewire facilitates advanced multimedia routing and pipeline processing, and is designed to replace and be compatible with existing sound systems. History In 2015, Taymans started work on PipeWire. It was based on ideas from several existing projects, including one called PulseVideo by William Manley. According to Red Hat's Christian Schaller, it drew many of its ideas from an early PulseVideo prototype by Manley and builds upon some of the code that was merged into GStreamer due to that effort. A goal of the project was to improve handling of video on Linux in the same way that PulseAudio improved handling of audio. Although a separate project from PulseAudio, Taymans initially considered using the name "PulseVideo" for the new project. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BlueZ
A Bluetooth stack is software that is an implementation of the Bluetooth protocol stack. Bluetooth stacks can be roughly divided into two distinct categories: # ''General-purpose'' implementations that are written with emphasis on feature-richness and flexibility, usually for desktop computers. Support for additional Bluetooth profiles can typically be added through drivers. # ''Embedded system'' implementations intended for use in devices where resources are limited and demands are lower, such as Bluetooth peripheral devices. General-purpose implementations BSD FreeBSD The FreeBSD bluetooth stack is implemented using the Netgraph framework. A broad variety of Bluetooth USB dongles are supported by the ng_ubt driver. The implementation was committed in 2002, and first released with FreeBSD 5.0. * NetBSD NetBSD has its own Bluetooth implementation, committed in 2006, and first released with . OpenBSD OpenBSD has had the implementation from NetBSD for some time, but it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
