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Kultura
''Kultura'' (, ''Culture'')—sometimes referred to as ''Kultura Paryska'' ("Paris-based Culture")—was a leading Polish-émigré literary-political magazine, published from 1947 to 2000 by ''Instytut Literacki'' (the Literary Institute), initially in Rome and then in Paris. It was edited and produced by Jerzy Giedroyc and ceased publication upon his death. History Giedroyc was one of the main reasons why ''Kultura'' enjoyed an unwavering prestige and a constant stream of esteemed contributors that enabled it to play a prominent role in Polish literary life. ''Kultura'' published polemics and articles, including those by Nobel Prize for Literature laureates Czesław Miłosz and Wisława Szymborska, as well as works by numerous other authors. Literary critics such as Maria Janion, Wojciech Karpiński, Jan Kott, and Ryszard Nycz also contributed. ''Kultura'' was and continues to be essential reading for students of Polish literature. Over the years it printed, and popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Giedroyć
Jerzy Władysław Giedroyć (; 27 July 1906 – 14 September 2000) was a Polish writer, lawyer, publicist and political activist. For many years, he worked as editor of the highly influential Paris-based periodical, ''Kultura''. Early life Giedroyć was born in Minsk, into a Polish-Lithuanian (adjective), Polish-Lithuanian noble family on 27 July 1906, with the title of ''kniaź'', prince. His schooling in Moscow was interrupted by the October Revolution, when he returned home to Minsk. During the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921 his family left Minsk for Warsaw, where he finished the Jan Zamoyski Gymnasium (school), gymnasium in 1924. He went on to study law and Ukrainian history and literature at the University of Warsaw. Career Giedroyć worked as a journalist and civil servant in Second Polish Republic, interwar Poland, he maintained contacts with leading Ukrainians and urged the Roman Catholic Church to improve relations with the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Czapski
Józef Czapski (3 April 1896 – 12 January 1993) was a Polish artist, author, and critic, as well as an officer of the Polish Army. As a painter, he is notable for his membership in the '' Kapist'' movement, which was heavily influenced by Cézanne. Following the Polish Defensive War, he was made a prisoner of war by the Soviets and was among the very few officers to survive the Katyn massacre of 1940. Following the Sikorski-Mayski Agreement, he was an official envoy of the Polish government searching for the missing Polish officers in Russia. After World War II, he remained in exile in the Paris suburb of Maisons-Laffitte, where he was among the founders of ''Kultura'' monthly, one of the most influential Polish cultural journals of the 20th century. Life Early life Józef Marian Franciszek hrabia Hutten-Czapski of Leliwa, as was his full name, was born on 3 April 1896 in Prague, to an aristocratic family. His father was landowner and conservative politician , mother was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Giedroyc
Jerzy Władysław Giedroyć (; 27 July 1906 – 14 September 2000) was a Polish writer, lawyer, publicist and political activist. For many years, he worked as editor of the highly influential Paris-based periodical, '' Kultura''. Early life Giedroyć was born in Minsk, into a Polish-Lithuanian noble family on 27 July 1906, with the title of ''kniaź'', prince. His schooling in Moscow was interrupted by the October Revolution, when he returned home to Minsk. During the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921 his family left Minsk for Warsaw, where he finished the Jan Zamoyski gymnasium in 1924. He went on to study law and Ukrainian history and literature at the University of Warsaw. Career Giedroyć worked as a journalist and civil servant in interwar Poland, he maintained contacts with leading Ukrainians and urged the Roman Catholic Church to improve relations with the Greek Catholic Church to which many Ukrainians belonged, insisting that Poland's success as a national stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wojciech Karpiński
Wojciech Karpiński (11 May 1943 – 18 August 2020) was a Polish writer, historian of ideas and literary critic. Life Wojciech Karpiński was born on 11 May 1943 in Warsaw, the son of the architect Zbigniew Karpiński and a grandson of Wojciech Zatwarnicki (1874–1948), who during World War II operated a HeHalutz farm on his estate in the Warsaw district of Czerniaków, saving the lives of many Jews from the Warsaw ghetto. He is also nephew of the poet Światopełk Karpiński. Karpiński graduated from the University of Warsaw in 1966 with a degree in Romance languages and literatures and in 1967 became a lecturer. In the 1960s he started collaboration with the ''Kultura'' émigré monthly, and in 1970 began to write essays for it under various pen names to avoid persecution by Poland's Communist regime. In the 1960s he began to travel to Western Europe, where he was able to meet the Polish émigré ‘outlaw writers’ he admired: Aleksander Wat, Konstanty A. Jele� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Czaykowski
Bogdan Czaykowski (1932 – d. 2007) was a Polish Canadian poet, essayist, literary translator and literary critic, professor emeritus and former Dean at the University of British Columbia. Czaykowski was born in Równe, Poland. In 1940 his family was deported to Siberia by the Communists, and his father died in a Gulag concentration camp, while his brother died of starvation. He wrote numerous articles in academic journals and literary magazines, and was the subject of literary research papers. Czaykowski received the Killam Prize in 1996 and several Polish literary awards, among others, from ''Fundacja Kościelskich'' (1964) and ''Fundacja Turzańskich'' (1992). His poetic debut was in the monthly Kultura paryska ("''Kultura''" Literary Institute, Paris, 1955). Czaykowski published also many essays on other writers and literary subjects.About C. Milosz and W. Gombrowicz tsq/02/gombrowiczToronto Slavic Quarterly (University of Toronto) Czaykowski died in 2007 in Vancouver, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Executed Renaissance
''The Executed Renaissance, An Anthology, 1917–1933: Poetry, prose, drama and essay'' () is an anthology of works by Ukrainian poets and prosaists of the 1920s and 1930s. The term's origin is attributed to the Ukrainian émigré and literary critic Yuriy Lavrinenko, who published the anthology in 1959 in Paris with the support of Jerzy Giedroyc, a Polish writer and activist. The anthology itself is based on the idea of the "Executed Renaissance," which Giedroyc coined to describe the hundreds of writers—both Ukrainian literati and intellectuals—who were arrested and executed under Joseph Stalin. This cultural elite became a target during the Great Terror (August 1937 to November 1938) because they were in a position to expose oppression and betrayal and could quickly become the targets of treason themselves. During the 1917 Revolution, the works of the poets were popular features and rallying chants. The body of literature was also recognized for its contribution to the eme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juliusz Mieroszewski
Juliusz Mieroszewski (; 2 February 1906 – 21 June 1976) was a Polish journalist, publicist and political commentator. He wrote under the pseudonyms "J. Calveley" and "Londyńczyk" (''Londoner''). He was born in Kraków. In interwar Poland he was co-editor of '' Ilustrowany Kurier Codzienny'' (Illustrated Daily Courier), where his beat was German politics and policy. During World War II he escaped from Nazi occupied Poland and worked for publications of the Polish government in exile, "Ku Wolnej Polsce" (''For a Free Poland''), "Orzeł Biały" (''The White Eagle''), "Parada" (''Parade''). After the war, with Poland falling under communist rule, he decided to stay in Great Britain. He wrote columns for the émigré weekly ''Wiadomości Literackie'' ('' Literary News''). Between 1950 and 1972 he was chief editor of the "English section" of the influential Parisian émigré journal "Kultura". In the 1970s Mieroszewski was the closest collaborator of the journal's chief editor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czesław Miłosz
Czesław Miłosz ( , , ; 30 June 1911 – 14 August 2004) was a Polish Americans, Polish-American poet, prose writer, translator, and diplomat. He primarily wrote his poetry in Polish language, Polish. Regarded as one of the great poets of the 20th century, he won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature. In its citation, the Swedish Academy called Miłosz a writer who "voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts". Miłosz survived the Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation of Warsaw during World War II and became a cultural attaché for the Polish government during the postwar period. When Communism, communist authorities threatened his safety, he defected to France and ultimately chose exile in the United States, where he became a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. His poetry—particularly about his wartime experience—and his appraisal of Stalinism in a prose book, ''The Captive Mind'', brought him renown as a leading ''émigré ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustaw Herling-Grudziński
Gustaw Herling-Grudziński (; May 20, 1919 − July 4, 2000) was a Polish writer, journalist, essayist, World War II underground fighter, and political dissident abroad during the period of Soviet and communist rule. He is best known for writing a personal account of life in the Soviet Gulag entitled ''A World Apart (book), A World Apart'', first published in 1951 in London. Biography Gustaw Herling-Grudziński was born in Kielce into a Jewish-Polish merchant family of Jakub (Josek) Herling-Grudziński and his wife Dorota (''née'' Bryczkowska).Zdzisław Kudelski''Gustaw Herling-Grudziński – wątek żydowski'' Rzeczpospolita, July 5, 2003. His mother died in 1932 of typhoid. His studies of Polish literature at the Warsaw University were interrupted by the invasion of Poland at the outbreak of World War II. In late 1939 under the brutal occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, Herling-Grudziński co-founded one of the earliest Polish resistance movement in Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstanty Jeleński
Konstanty Aleksander Jeleński (2 January 1922 – 4 May 1987) was a Polish essayist. Biography Konstanty Aleksander Jeleński (in French: Constantin Jelenski) was born on 2 January 1922 in Warsaw, Poland. He died on 4 May 1987 in Paris, France. At the age of eighteen he left Poland to serve the Polish Army in France. He lived the remainder of his life as an émigré, first in Italy for several years after the Second World War, then settling in Paris in 1951. In Paris Jeleński was active in Polish émigré literary circles. He led the Eastern European division of the Congress for Cultural Freedom (after 1967, the International Association for Cultural Freedom) and was a prolific contributor to the Association's monthly publication ''Preuves'' and to ''Kultura'', the Polish émigré literary journal. Beginning in 1975, he became increasingly active with the Institut national de l'audiovisuel. Jeleński's criticism, translations and edited works addresses a wide range of literar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marek Hłasko
Marek Hłasko (14 January 1934 – 14 June 1969) was a Polish author and screenwriter. Life Hłasko's biography is highly mythologized, and many of the legends about his life he spread himself. Marek was born in Warsaw, as the only son of Maciej Hłasko and Maria Łucja, née Rosiak. At first he lived with his parents in Złotokłos; later they moved to Warsaw. In the Hłasko family, children were baptised relatively late, hence the writer-to-be was baptized on 26 December 1935 in the Church of the Holy Redeemer in Warsaw. It is said that during the baptism, baptism ceremony when asked if he renounces the evil spirits Marek answered "No". Later, these words were reported as the evidence of Marek's strong character. Hłasko was three years old when his parents divorced in 1937. Maciej remarried a year later. He died on 13 September 1939, when his only son was five. The World War II, war left its stamp on Marek's psyche: later he wrote "it is obvious to me that I am a product ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witold Gombrowicz
Witold Marian Gombrowicz (August 4, 1904 – July 24, 1969) was a Polish writer and playwright. His works are characterised by deep psychological analysis, a certain sense of paradox and absurd, anti-nationalism, anti-nationalist flavor. In 1937, he published his first novel, ''Ferdydurke'', which presented many of his usual themes: problems of immaturity and youth, creation of Identity (philosophy), identity in interactions with others, and an ironic, critical examination of class roles in Polish society and Polish culture, culture. He gained fame only during the last years of his life, but is now considered one of the foremost figures of Polish literature. His diaries were published in 1969 and are, according to the ''Paris Review'', "widely considered his masterpiece", while ''Cosmos (Gombrowicz novel), Cosmos'' is considered, according to ''The New Yorker'', "his most accomplished novel". He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times, from 1966 to 1969. Biogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
