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Kiwan
In Mandaeism, Kiwan, Kiuan (; ), or Kewan is the Mandaic name for the planet Saturn.Müller-Kessler, Christa (2018). "Šamaš, Sîn (Sahra, Sira), Delibat (Ištar, al-‘Uzzā), und Kēwān (Kajjamānu) in den frühen mandäischen magischen Texten und bei ihren Nachbarn. Eine Bestandsaufnahme." ''ISIMU'' 20/21: 259–295. Kiwan is one of the seven planets (), who are part of the entourage of Ruha in the World of Darkness. Kiwan, who is associated with Saturday as well as Judaism, is also called Br Šamiš (The Son of the Sun). Kiwan's name is derived from the Akkadian Kajamānu. Near the end of Book 3 and at the beginning of Book 9.1 in the Right Ginza, Kiwan is identified with the Kentaeans, a related Gnostic sect. See also * Kajamanu * Kayvan * Remphan *Ninurta *Kentaeans The Kentaeans were a Gnostic religious group of Mesopotamia from around the 5th century AD. They were closely related to but distinct from the Mandaeans. Historical sources The Kentaeans are mentioned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kajamanu
Kajamānu or Kayyamanu ( Akkadian: 𒅗𒀀𒀀𒈠𒉡 ''ka-a-a-ma-nu'' "the constant") or Uduimin-saĝuš ( Sumerian: 𒀯𒇻𒅂𒊕𒍑 ''MULUDU.IMIN-saĝ-uš'', "star of the sun") is the ancient Mesopotamian name for the planet Saturn. In ancient Mesopotamia, he was also regarded as the "star of Ninurta," the Mesopotamian fertility deity. In other cultures Kiwan (Mandaic for Saturn) is derived from the Mesopotamian name. Kayvan is the Persian equivalent name. Kēwān (Classical Syriac: ܟܹܐܘܵܢ) also being a loan from Akkadian, is the name for Saturn in Syriac among later Assyrians. See also * Kayvan *Kiwan *List of Mesopotamian deities *Ninurta Ninurta (: , possible meaning "Lord fBarley"), also known as Ninĝirsu (: , meaning "Lord fGirsu"), is an List of Mesopotamian deities, ancient Mesopotamian god associated with farming, healing, hunting, law, scribes, and war who was f ... * Remphan References Mesopotamian gods Saturnian deities {{MEast-myth- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruha
Ruha (pronounced /ˈruːhə/) is a term with spiritual connotations found across various religious traditions. In Arabic, Ruh () signifies "spirit" or "soul" and is a fundamental concept in Islam, referring to the divine breath of life.Esposito, John L. (2003). *The Oxford Dictionary of Islam*. Oxford University Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0. Similarly, in Hebrew, Ruach () means "spirit," "wind," or "breath," and Ruach HaKodesh () denotes the "Holy Spirit" in Judaism.Unterman, Alan (2000). *Dictionary of Jewish Lore and Legend*. Thames & Hudson. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-500-01658-5. In Sanskrit, Ruha () translates to "one who has grown or ascended," often signifying spiritual growth and having positive connotations as a name."Ruha Name Meaning, Origin, Numerology, Rashi & More". *House of Zelena*. Retrieved March 16, 2025. In Mandaeism, Rūha (; also known as Namrūs or Hiwat (Ewath; )) is a significant figure, often depicted as the queen of the World of Darkness (''alma ḏ-hš ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Planets
A classical planet is an astronomical object that is visible to the naked eye and moves across the sky and its backdrop of fixed stars (the common stars which seem still in contrast to the planets), appearing as wandering stars. Visible to humans on Earth there are seven classical planets (the seven luminaries). They are from brightest to dimmest: the Sun, the Moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars and Saturn. Greek astronomers such as Geminus and Ptolemy recorded these classical planets during classical antiquity, introducing the term ''planet'', which means 'wanderer' in Greek ( and ), expressing the fact that these objects move across the celestial sphere relative to the fixed stars. Therefore, the Greeks were the first to document the astrological connections to the planets' visual detail. Through the use of telescopes other celestial objects like the classical planets were found, starting with the Galilean moons in 1610. Today the term ''planet'' is used considerably diff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kayvan
Kayvan (also spelled Keyvan, Kayvon, Kaivon, Keivan, Kaywan, Kavon, Kevan, or Kaevon; ) is a Persian masculine given name denoting the planet Saturn.Dehkhoda Dictionarybr>"Online". No other meaning is given. It is related to the word for Saturn in several old languages, including ''Kaimanu'' in Sumerian, ''Kajamānu'' in Akkadian, ''Kewwān'' in Syriac, and "Kewan" ''(kywʾn')'' in Middle Persian. That a 16th-century high priest of Stakhr was named Azar Kayvan suggests that "Kayvan" was used as a name for a person in Iran as early as that time, particularly among followers of Zoroastrianism. To date "Kayvan" is a popular name among families following Zoroastrianism. ''Kayvan'' is distinct from the similar Persian word ''Kayhan'', meaning "universe", also used as a masculine given name. To English speakers, the spelling ''Kayvon'' is closest to the Persian pronunciation, . "Saturday", the day of Saturn, finds its Classical Persian equivalent in "Keyvānshid". In Persian literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandaean Cosmology
Mandaean cosmology is the Gnostic conception of the universe in the religion of Mandaeism. Mandaean cosmology is strongly influenced by ancient near eastern cosmology broadly and Jewish, Babylonian, Persian, Greek, Manichaean and other Near Eastern religions and philosophies particularly. Emanations The three major Emanations or "Lives" (''Hayyi'') in Mandaeism are: #The Second Life: Yushamin, the primal uthra #The Third Life: Abatur, the weigher of souls, and also the father of the '' uthri'' (plural of ''uthra'') #The Fourth Life: Ptahil, the creator of the material world The Second Life, Third Life, and Fourth Life are emanations of the First Life, Hayyi Rabbi (the Supreme God). Realms Mandaean cosmology divides the universe into three realms: #World of Light or Lightworld (''alma ḏ-nhūra'') # Tibil, or Earth # World of Darkness or underworld (''alma ḏ-hšuka'') According to Book 3 of the '' Right Ginza'', a "fruit (''pira'') within the fruit" and "ether ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kentaeans
The Kentaeans were a Gnostic religious group of Mesopotamia from around the 5th century AD. They were closely related to but distinct from the Mandaeans. Historical sources The Kentaeans are mentioned near the end of Book 3 and at the beginning of Book 9.1 in the Right Ginza, as well as in Qulasta Prayer 357. The Ginza Rabba identifies the Kentaeans with Kiwan (Saturn) and criticizes them for their fasting. They are also mentioned by Arab historians such as Ibn al-Malāḥimī as the ''Kintānīya'', while aš-Šahrastānī refers to them as the ''Kintawīya''. Al-Masʿūdī briefly mentions them as the ''Kinṯāwīyūn''. References to both the Kentaeans and Mandaeans, who are always mentioned together with each other, can be found in three 6th-century Syriac Christian texts, namely the Cyrus of Edessa's ''Explanation for the Fasts'', the ''Acts of Symeon bar Ṣabbāʿe'', and the title of a lost work by Nathaniel of Šahrazur (), namely "A polemic against the Severans ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planets In Mandaeism
Mandaean cosmology is the Gnostic conception of the universe in the religion of Mandaeism. Mandaean cosmology is strongly influenced by ancient near eastern cosmology broadly and Jewish, Babylonian, Persian, Greek, Manichaean and other Near Eastern religions and philosophies particularly. Emanations The three major Emanations or "Lives" (''Hayyi'') in Mandaeism are: #The Second Life: Yushamin, the primal uthra #The Third Life: Abatur, the weigher of souls, and also the father of the '' uthri'' (plural of ''uthra'') #The Fourth Life: Ptahil, the creator of the material world The Second Life, Third Life, and Fourth Life are emanations of the First Life, Hayyi Rabbi (the Supreme God). Realms Mandaean cosmology divides the universe into three realms: #World of Light or Lightworld (''alma ḏ-nhūra'') # Tibil, or Earth #World of Darkness or underworld (''alma ḏ-hšuka'') According to Book 3 of the ''Right Ginza'', a "fruit (''pira'') within the fruit" and "ether (''ayar' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant, with an average radius of about 9 times that of Earth. It has an eighth the average density of Earth, but is over 95 times more massive. Even though Saturn is almost as big as Jupiter, Saturn has less than a third its mass. Saturn orbits the Sun at a distance of , with an orbital period of 29.45 years. Saturn's interior is thought to be composed of a rocky core, surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, an intermediate layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, and an outer layer of gas. Saturn has a pale yellow hue, due to ammonia crystals in its upper atmosphere. An electrical current in the metallic hydrogen layer is thought to give rise to Saturn's planetary magnetic field, which is weaker than Earth's, but has a magnetic moment 580 times that of Earth because of Saturn's greater size. Saturn's magnetic field strength is about a twen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Of Darkness (Mandaeism)
In Mandaeism, the World of Darkness () is the underworld located below Tibil (Earth). It is ruled by its king Ur the Leviathan and its queen Ruha, mother of the seven planets and twelve constellations. Description The great dark Sea of Suf lies in the World of Darkness. The great dividing river of Hitpun, analogous to the river Styx in Greek mythology Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks, and a genre of ancient Greek folklore, today absorbed alongside Roman mythology into the broader designation of classical mythology. These stories conc ..., separates the World of Darkness from the World of Light. Siniawis is one of the regions of the World of Darkness. The '' Ginza Rabba'' mention the Abaddons (''ebdunia'') as part of the World of Darkness. The '' Right Ginza'' mentions the existence of the "upper Abaddons" (''ebdunia ʿlaiia'') as well as the "lower Abaddons" (''ebdunia titaiia''). The World of Darkness i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ur (Mandaeism)
In Mandaeism, ʿUr () is the king () of the World of Darkness (Mandaeism), World of Darkness (''alma ḏ-hšuka'') or underworld. He is the son of Ruha, the queen of the underworld, and her brother Gaf (Mandaeism), Gaf (also spelled Gap), one of the giants in the World of Darkness described in book 5 of the Ginza Rabba. Ur is typically portrayed as a large, ferocious dragon or snake. He is represented by the image of a serpent on the ''skandola'' talisman. The Mandaean Book of John contrasts Ur, the King of Darkness, with the King of Light (''Hayyi Rabbi''). Names Ur has also been referred in Mandaean texts as Leviathan (; from ''Right Ginza'' 15.1). According to the ''Right Ginza'' 5.1, his mother Ruha called him "the Great Giant, the Power of Darkness" (''gabara rba, haila ḏ-hšuka''). Ur's epithets include Bar-Spag () and other names. Parallels Aldihisi (2008) compares Ur to Tiamat in Babylonian mythology and Samael in Gnostic literature. See also *Shdum, also known as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Mesopotamian Religion
Ancient Mesopotamian religion encompasses the religious beliefs (concerning the gods, creation and the cosmos, the origin of man, and so forth) and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 6000 BC and 500 AD. The religious development of Mesopotamia and Mesopotamian culture in general, especially in the south, were not particularly influenced by the movements of the various peoples into and throughout the general area of West Asia. Rather, Mesopotamian religion was a consistent and coherent tradition, which adapted to the internal needs of its adherents over millennia of development. The earliest undercurrents of Mesopotamian religious thought are believed to have developed in Mesopotamia in the 6th millennium BC, coinciding with when the region began to be permanently settled with urban centres. The earliest evidence of Mesopotamian religion dates to the mid-4th millennium BC, coincides with the inve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamish
In Mandaeism, Shamish or Šamiš () is the Mandaic name for the Sun.Müller-Kessler, Christa (2018). "Šamaš, Sîn (Sahra, Sira), Delibat (Ištar, al-‘Uzzā), und Kēwān (Kajjamānu) in den frühen mandäischen magischen Texten und bei ihren Nachbarn. Eine Bestandsaufnahme." ''ISIMU'' 20/21: 259–295. Shamish is one of the seven classical planets (), who are part of the entourage of Ruha in the World of Darkness (Mandaeism), World of Darkness. Etymology Shamish's name is derived from ''š-m-š'', the Semitic root for 'sun'. Shamish is also cognate with the Akkadian Utu, Šamaš. Associations and comparisons Shamish is associated with the uthras Yawar-Ziwa (Dazzling Light) and Simat-Hiia (Treasure of Life). He is also identified with the uthra Yurba, who is described in detail in chapter 52 of the ''Mandaean Book of John''. In the ''Right Ginza'', the Yazuqaeans (i.e., Zoroastrians) are associated with Shamish, an allusion to Mithra. According to Iraqi-American poet Lamia A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
