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Kentaeans
The Kentaeans were a Gnostic religious group of Mesopotamia from around the 5th century AD. They were closely related to but distinct from the Mandaeans. Historical sources The Kentaeans are mentioned near the end of Book 3 and at the beginning of Book 9.1 in the Right Ginza, as well as in Qulasta Prayer 357. The Ginza Rabba identifies the Kentaeans with Kiwan (Saturn) and criticizes them for their fasting. They are also mentioned by Arab historians such as Ibn al-Malāḥimī as the ''Kintānīya'', while aš-Šahrastānī refers to them as the ''Kintawīya''. Al-Masʿūdī briefly mentions them as the ''Kinṯāwīyūn''. References to both the Kentaeans and Mandaeans, who are always mentioned together with each other, can be found in three 6th-century Syriac Christian texts, namely the Cyrus of Edessa's ''Explanation for the Fasts'', the ''Acts of Symeon bar Ṣabbāʿe'', and the title of a lost work by Nathaniel of Šahrazur (), namely "A polemic against the Severans ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiwan
In Mandaeism, Kiwan, Kiuan (; ), or Kewan is the Mandaic name for the planet Saturn.Müller-Kessler, Christa (2018). "Šamaš, Sîn (Sahra, Sira), Delibat (Ištar, al-‘Uzzā), und Kēwān (Kajjamānu) in den frühen mandäischen magischen Texten und bei ihren Nachbarn. Eine Bestandsaufnahme." ''ISIMU'' 20/21: 259–295. Kiwan is one of the seven planets (), who are part of the entourage of Ruha in the World of Darkness. Kiwan, who is associated with Saturday as well as Judaism, is also called Br Šamiš (The Son of the Sun). Kiwan's name is derived from the Akkadian Kajamānu. Near the end of Book 3 and at the beginning of Book 9.1 in the Right Ginza, Kiwan is identified with the Kentaeans, a related Gnostic sect. See also * Kajamanu * Kayvan * Remphan *Ninurta *Kentaeans The Kentaeans were a Gnostic religious group of Mesopotamia from around the 5th century AD. They were closely related to but distinct from the Mandaeans. Historical sources The Kentaeans are mentioned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrus Of Edessa
Cyrus of Edessa (or Qiyore of Edessa) was a Syriac language, Syriac writer and teacher in the Church of the East. He was probably a native of Edessa. He studied at the school of Nisibis (c. 533–538) under Aba I, Aba, the future patriarch, and then taught at the school of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, eventually rising to become its headmaster. He founded a monastery at Ḥirta sometime after the death of Aba (552). Cyrus was one of the earliest Syriac authors to write liturgical commentary of the "cause" or explanation (''ʿeltā'') genre. He wrote six treatises explaining important events of the liturgical year, namely the Great Fast, Maundy Thursday (Pascha), Good Friday (Feast of the Passion), Easter (Feast of the Resurrection), the Qyamta, Feast of the Ascension and the Slihe, Feast of Pentecost. His work completed that begun by Thomas of Edessa on the feasts of Subara, Nativity and Epiphany (holiday), Epiphany. Like Thomas, he was influenced by the theology of Theodore of Mopsuestia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left Ginza
The Left Ginza () is one of the two parts of the Ginza Rabba, the longest and the most important holy scripture of Mandaeism. The other part of the Ginza Rabba is the Right Ginza. As of 2024, a critical edition that includes an annotated translation of the Left Ginza is being prepared by Bogdan Burtea and . Summaries of each book (or tractate), based mostly on Häberl (2007), are provided below.Häberl, Charles G. (2007). Introduction to the New Edition, in The Great Treasure of the Mandaeans, a new edition of J. Heinrich Petermann's Thesaurus s. Liber Magni, with a new introduction and a translation of the original preface by Charles G. Häberl'. Gorgias Press, LLC. Translated excerpts are from Gelbert (2011), which is mostly based on Lidzbarski (1925), while Mandaic transliterations are derived from Gelbert (2011, 2021). Opening lines of each chapter are provided below, since Mandaeans often refer to Mandaic prayers by their opening lines. Book 1 Book 1 is a four-part pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnosticism
Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek language, Ancient Greek: , Romanization of Ancient Greek, romanized: ''gnōstikós'', Koine Greek: Help:IPA/Greek, [ɣnostiˈkos], 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among Early Christianity, early Christian sects. These diverse groups emphasized personal spiritual knowledge (''gnosis'') above the Proto-orthodox Christianity, proto-orthodox teachings, traditions, and authority of religious institutions. Generally, in Gnosticism, the Monad (Gnosticism), Monad is the supreme God who emanates divine beings; one, Sophia (Gnosticism), Sophia, creates the flawed demiurge who makes the material world, trapping souls until they regain divine knowledge. Consequently, Gnostics considered material existence flawed or evil, and held the principal element of salvation to be direct knowledge of the hidden divinity, attained via mystical or esoteric insight. Many Gnostic texts deal not in co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hibil
In Mandaeism, Hibil () and/or Hibil Ziwa () and sometimes pronounced Hīwel is referred to an uthra ("excellency", an angel or guardian) from the World of Light or the son of Adam (then; only referred as Hibil). Hibil, the man, is considered to be the Mandaean equivalent of Abel while Hibil ziwa is the Mandaean equivalent of Gabriel Prayers in the Qulasta frequently contain the recurring formula "In the name of Hibil, Shitil, and Anuš" ( ). Overview According to Mandaean beliefs and scriptures including the ''Qolastā'', the Mandaean ''Book of John'' and ''Genzā Rabbā'', Abel is cognate with the Human Hibil, and Hibil Ziwa (Aramaic), Ziwa with Gabriel. (, Sometimes translated "Splendid Hibel"), is spoken of as a son of Manda d-Hayyi which was created by Hayyi Rabbi, Hayyi as stated in the Right Ginza book four, verse 2; "When the First Life thought and created Manda d-Hiia and Manda d-hiia created Hibil-Ziwa...". And Hibil, the man, is spoken of as a brother to Enos (bib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnostic Religions And Sects
Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: , romanized: ''gnōstikós'', Koine Greek: nostiˈkos 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among early Christian sects. These diverse groups emphasized personal spiritual knowledge (''gnosis'') above the proto-orthodox teachings, traditions, and authority of religious institutions. Generally, in Gnosticism, the Monad is the supreme God who emanates divine beings; one, Sophia, creates the flawed demiurge who makes the material world, trapping souls until they regain divine knowledge. Consequently, Gnostics considered material existence flawed or evil, and held the principal element of salvation to be direct knowledge of the hidden divinity, attained via mystical or esoteric insight. Many Gnostic texts deal not in concepts of sin and repentance, but with illusion and enlightenment. Gnosticism likely originated in the late first and early second centuries around Alexandria, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Gnostic Sects
Early may refer to: Places in the United States * Early, Iowa, a city * Early, Texas, a city * Early Branch, a stream in Missouri * Early County, Georgia * Fort Early, Georgia, an early 19th century fort Music * Early B, stage name of Jamaican dancehall and reggae deejay Earlando Arrington Neil (1957–1994) * Early James, stage name of American singer-songwriter Fredrick Mullis Jr. (born 1993) * ''Early'' (Scritti Politti album), 2005 * ''Early'' (A Certain Ratio album), 2002 * Early Records, a record label Other uses * Early (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname * Early effect, an effect in transistor physics * Early, a synonym for ''hotter'' in stellar classification See also * * The Earlies, a 21st century band * Earley (other) * Earlie Earlie is a masculine given name which may refer to: * Earlie Fires (born 1947), American jockey * Earlie Thomas (1945–2022), American National Football League player * Earlie End ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandaeism
Mandaeism (Mandaic language, Classical Mandaic: ),https://qadaha.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/nhura-dictionary-mandaic-english-mandaic.pdf sometimes also known as Nasoraeanism or Sabianism, is a Gnosticism, Gnostic, Monotheism, monotheistic and ethnic religion with Ancient Greek religion, Greek, Iranian religions, Iranian, and Judaism, Jewish influences. Its adherents, the Mandaeans, revere Adam#In Mandaeism, Adam, Abel#Mandaean interpretation, Abel, Seth#Mandaeism, Seth, Enos (biblical figure)#In Mandaeism, Enos, Noah#Mandaeism, Noah, Shem#In Mandaeism, Shem, Aram, son of Shem, Aram, and especially John the Baptist#Mandaeism, John the Baptist. Mandaeans consider Adam, Seth, Noah, Shem, and John the Baptist prophets, with Adam being the founder of the religion and John being the greatest and Last prophet, final prophet. The Mandaeans speak an Eastern Aramaic languages, Eastern Aramaic language known as Mandaic language, Mandaic. The name 'Mandaean' comes from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quqites
The Quqites were a group who followed a Samaritan, Iranian type of Gnosticism in 2nd-century AD Erbil and in the vicinity of what is today northern Iraq. The sect was named after their founder Quq, known as "the potter". The Quqite ideology arose in Edessa, Syria, in the 2nd century, and it is named for the founder Quq, which means "pitcher", or "jug". The Quqites stressed the Hebrew Bible, associated twelve prophets with twelve apostles, and held that the latter corresponded to the same number of gospels. Their beliefs seem eclectic, with elements of Judaism, Christianity, paganism, astrology, and Gnosticism. The Jewish Christian group called the Ebionites used a Gospel of the Twelve, which is considered Quqite, and Marcion may have had some dealing with the Quqites. As late as 410, the Armenian bishop Marutha of Maipherkat included the Quqites in his catalog of heresies, a document he used as ammunition at the Synod of Seleukia-Ktesiphon in that year. Marutha names several cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archontics
The Archontics, or Archontici, were a Gnostic sect that existed in Palestine, Syria and Armenia, who arose towards the mid 4th century CE. They were thus called from the Greek word , "principalities", or "rulers", by reason that they held the world to have been created and ruled by malevolent ''Archons''. History Epiphanius of Salamis seems to be the earliest Christian writer who speaks of this sect. He relates that a young priest in Palestine named Peter had been charged with heresy, deposed from the office of the priesthood and expelled by Bishop Aëtius. He fled into a part of Arabia, where there was a center of Ebionitism. In his old age, he returned to Palestine, where he lived the life of an anchorite in a cave near Jerusalem and attracted followers by the austerity of his life and the practice of extreme poverty. Shortly before the death of Constantius II (337–361), Eutactus, coming from Egypt, visited the anchorite Peter and was imbued by him with the doctrines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bardaisan
Bardaisan (11 July 154 – 222 AD; , ''Bar Dayṣān''; also Bardaiṣan), known in Arabic as ibn Dayṣān () and in Latin as Bardesanes, was a Syriac-speaking Prods Oktor Skjaervo. ''Bardesanes''. Encyclopædia Iranica. Volume III. Fasc. 7-8. . Christian writer and teacher with a gnostic background, and founder of the Bardaisanites. A scientist, scholar, astrologer, philosopher, hymnwriter, and poet, Bardaisan was also renowned for his knowledge of India, on which he wrote a book, now lost. According to the early Christian historian Eusebius, Bardaisan was at one time a follower of the gnostic Valentinus, but later opposed Valentinian gnosticism and also wrote against Marcionism. Biography Early life and education Bardaisan ( ''bar Daiṣān'' "son of the Dayṣān") was a Syriac author born on 11 July 154 in Edessa, Osroene, which, in those days, was alternately under the influence of both the Roman Empire and the Parthian Empire. To indicate the city of his birth, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcionism
Marcionism was an Early Christianity, early Christian Dualistic cosmology, dualistic belief system that originated with the teachings of Marcion of Sinope in Rome around 144 AD. Marcion was an Diversity in early Christian theology, early Christian theologian, Evangelism, evangelist, and an important figure in early Christianity. He was the son of a bishop of Sinop, Turkey, Sinope in Pontus (region), Pontus. About the middle of the 2nd century (140–155) he traveled to Rome, where he joined the Syrian Gnostic Cerdo (Gnostic), Cerdo. Marcion preached that the benevolent God of the Gospel who sent Jesus Christ into the world as the Salvation in Christianity, savior was the true God, Supreme Being, different and opposed to the Dystheism, malevolent Demiurge#Gnosticism, Demiurge or creator god, identified with the Yahweh, Hebrew God of the Old Testament. He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle, whom he believed to have been the only true Apostles in the New Testament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
