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Khachatur Malumian
Khachatur Malumian (; 1863 – 1915), also known by the pseudonym E. Aknuni (also ''Aknouni or Agnouni''; ), was an Armenian journalist and political activist. He was a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. He was among the first Armenian intellectuals arrested at the beginning of the Armenian genocide in April 1915. Biography Khachatur Malumian was born in 1863 in Meghri (in modern day Syunik Province, Armenia) in the Russian Empire. He was first educated in his hometown, then attended the Nersisian School in Tiflis, graduating in 1883. He contributed to the Armenian liberal newspaper '' Mshak'' and became the secretary of its editorial staff. He was a collaborator of ''Mshak'''s founder Grigor Artsruni and a strong supporter of the latter's ideals. He participated in the negotiations preceding the foundation of the Federation of Armenian Revolutionaries, the first iteration of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF), as a representative of Artsruni. He th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Db Agnouni Khachadour Maloumian 1
DB, dB or db may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Daily Bugle'' or ''DB'', a fictional New York City newspaper in Marvel Comics * ''Doing Business Report'', by the World Bank Group * Dragon Ball, a Japanese media franchise Music * D♭ (musical note) * DB Records, Atlanta, Georgia, US * The dB's, an American band in the 1980s * DJ DB, a New York–based British DJ Brands and enterprises * DB (car), a French automobile maker * Brit Air (IATA airline code) * DB Breweries, a New Zealand company * DB Networks, an American information security firm * Deutsche Bahn, a German railway company since 1994 * Deutsche Bank (NYSE symbol), a multinational investment bank headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany * Deutsche Bundesbahn, national railway company of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949–1994 * Dolderbahn, a rack railway in Zürich, Switzerland Places * Dâmbovița County (ISO 3166-2:RO code), Romania * DB Draw, a bridge over the Passaic River, US * Discovery Bay, a resid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Turk Revolution
The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908; ) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire. Revolutionaries belonging to the Internal Committee of Union and Progress, an organization of the Young Turks movement, forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the Constitution of the Ottoman Empire, Constitution, recall the General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, parliament, and schedule an 1908 Ottoman general election, election. Thus began the Second Constitutional Era which lasted from 1908–1912 and also the Turkish Revolution, an era of political instability and social change which lasted for more than four decades. The revolution took place in Rumelia, Ottoman Rumeli in the context of the Macedonian Struggle and the increasing instability of the Hamidian regime. It began with CUP member Ahmed Niyazi Bey, Ahmed Niyazi's flight into the Albanian highlands. He was soon joined by Enver Pasha, İsmail Enver, Eyüp Sabri Akgöl, Eyub Sabri, and other Unionist officers. They networke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)
The Special Organization (, abbreviated TM) was an intelligence, paramilitary, and secret police organization in the Ottoman Empire known for its key role in the commission of the Armenian genocide. Originally organized under the Ministry of War, the organization was shifted to answer directly to the ruling party Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) in February 1915. Led by Bahaeddin Şakir and Nazım Bey and formed in early 1914 of tribesmen (especially Circassians and Kurds) as well as more than 10,000 convicted criminals—offered a chance to redeem themselves if they served the state—as a force independent of the regular army. Origins The exact date of establishment is unclear or disputed. According to some researchers, the organization might have been established by Enver Pasha, who placed Süleyman Askeri in charge of the organization on 17 November 1913. Its establishment date is rather vague since it was really a continuation of various smaller groups established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarkis Minassian
Sarkis Minassian (1873–1915), also known as Aram Ashod, was an Armenian journalist, writer, political activist, and educator. He became the chief editor of the newspaper ''Hairenik'' in Watertown, Massachusetts. After returning to the Ottoman Empire in 1909, Minassian continued writing in various journals in the city. In 1915, Sarkis Minassian was killed during the Armenian genocide. Life Sarkis Minassian was born in 1873 in the village of Çengiler, near Yalova in northwestern Anatolia. He attained his early education in Bardizag (today Bahçecik, Kocaeli). Thereafter, Minassian moved to Constantinople to continue his education at the Getronagan Armenian High School. After graduating from Getronagan in 1894, Minassian moved to Geneva, Switzerland where he became a staff member of the Armenian newspaper '' Droshak'', the official organ of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. In 1903, Minassian moved to the United States where he became the managing editor of the Armenian newsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harutiun Jangülian
Harutiun Jangülian (; 1855 – 15 June 1915) was an Armenian historian, political activist, and member of the Armenian National Assembly. He was especially known for his involvement in the Kum Kapu demonstration. He spent six years imprisoned in exile. He returned to Constantinople and continued his political activity after his release. Jangülian was arrested on 24 April 1915, at the beginning of the Armenian genocide, deported, and ultimately executed. Early life Harutiun Jangülian was born to an Armenian family in 1855 in Van, within the Ottoman Empire. At the time, Van was considered one of the centers of the Armenian Revolutionary Movement. He joined the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party while in Van and moved to Constantinople in 1884. There Jangülian met leading political activist Hampartsoum Boyadjian of the Hnchak party. The two eventually became the chief organizers of the Kum Kapu demonstration. Kum Kapu demonstration Towards the close of the nineteenth century, Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karekin Khajag
Garegin Khazhak (also Karekin Khajag, ; 6 October 1867 – 1915) was an Armenian journalist, writer, political activist and educator. A member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Khajag traveled around the world to help support revolutionary activity. During his life, Khazhak was imprisoned four times. He became a professor and a principal in several Armenian schools throughout the region. In 1915, Khazhak was arrested and subsequently killed during the Armenian genocide. Life Garegin Khazhak was born Garegin Chagalian on 6 October 1867 in Aleksandropol within the Russian Empire (present-day Gyumri, Armenia). He was called Chakal Oghli (Turkish: son of Chakal), which would later be rendered as Khazhak by those around him. In 1883, after attaining his early education locally, he continued his higher education at the Gevorgian Seminary. Graduating in 1886, Khazhak became a teacher and for seven years taught in parochial schools in Baku, Akulis, and Ganja. During his tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazaret Daghavarian
Nazaret Daghavarian (, Western Armenian: Նազարէթ Տաղաւարեան, 1862 in Sebastia, Western Armenia, Ottoman Empire – 1915) was an Ottoman Armenian medical doctor, agronomist and public activist, and one of the founders of the Armenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU). He was an author of scientific works on medicine, religion and history. Biography He was born as Chaderjian () in Sebastia and studied in the colleges of Constantinople, then finished at the University of Paris. He was the chief director of the Armenian schools of Sebastia province, then directed the Aramian school and St Savior hospital in Constantinople. Being arrested by the Turkish authorities, he was released after mediation by the French embassy and in 1905 he moved to Cairo, where he worked as a doctor and teacher and participated in the foundation of the AGBU charity organization. In 1908 after the Young Turk revolution he returned to Constantinople and was elected as a member of the Otto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rupen Zartarian
Rupen Zartarian or Ruben Zardaryan ( ; 1874 – 16 August 1915) was an Armenian writer, educator, and political activist. He was killed by Ottoman authorities during the Armenian genocide. Life Zartarian was born in 1874 in the city of Diyarbekir but moved to Harput (or Kharpert) (Armenian: Խարբերդ) when he was two. He received his education from the educational institutions of that city. Zartarian became a student of Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Harutiunian, 1910–1912), who was a leading figure in rural Armenian literature. Tlgandintsi was also killed by Ottoman authorities during the Armenian Genocide. Zartarian was greatly influenced by his mentor, and his writing career stemmed from the encouragement he obtained. At the age of 18, he started teaching, and for the following decade, he continued in the field of education. At first, he taught at Tlgandinsti's institution, he then spent three years in French religious institutes. In 1903, Zartarian was arrested by the Otto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayaş
Ayaş is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,041 km2, and its population is 12,998 (2022). It is 58 km from the city of Ankara, and very rich for historical monuments. Its elevation is . The district is known for its mulberry trees, its tasty tomatoes and its healing mineral water spas, both for drinking and bathing. There is an annual mulberry festival in the town of Ayaş. The town has a long history and is mentioned in folk songs and the journals of the traveller Evliya Çelebi. History The citizens of Ayaş were Oghuz tribes as the village names Bayat, Afşar and Peçenek implies. In 1554, it became a sanjak center, and in 1864 it became a Kaza in Ankara Vilayeti. In Ottoman period, education was advanced in Ayaş. In 1900, there were eight medreses, two primary mekteps and one rüşdiye. Composition There are 33 neighbourhoods in Ayaş District: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deportation Of Armenian Intellectuals On 24 April 1915
The deportation of Armenian intellectuals is conventionally held to mark the beginning of the Armenian genocide. Leaders of the Armenian community in the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (now Istanbul), and later other locations, were arrested and moved to two holding centers near Angora (now Ankara). The order to do so was given by Minister of the Interior Talaat Pasha on 24 April 1915. On that night, the first wave of 235 to 270 Armenian intellectuals of Constantinople were arrested. With the adoption of the Tehcir Law on 29 May 1915, these detainees were later relocated within the Ottoman Empire; most of them were ultimately killed. More than 80, such as Vrtanes Papazian, Aram Andonian, and Komitas, survived. The event has been described by historians as a decapitation strike, which was intended to deprive the Armenian population of leadership and a chance for resistance. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian genocide, 24 April is observed as Armenian Genocide R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee Of Union And Progress
The Ottoman Committee of Union and Progress (CUP, also translated as the Society of Union and Progress; , French language, French: ''Union et Progrès'') was a revolutionary group, secret society, and political party, active between 1889 and 1926 in the Ottoman Empire and in the Turkey, Republic of Turkey. The foremost faction of the Young Turks, the CUP instigated the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, which ended absolute monarchy and began the Second Constitutional Era. After an ideological transformation, from 1913 to 1918, the CUP ruled the empire as a dictatorship and committed Genocides in history#Ottoman Empire/Turkey, genocides against the Armenian genocide, Armenian, Greek genocide, Greek, and Sayfo, Assyrian peoples as part of a broader policy of ethnic erasure during the late Ottoman period. The CUP and its members have often been referred to as "Young Turks", although the Young Turk movement produced List of political parties in the Ottoman Empire, other Ottoman political par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krikor Zohrab
Krikor Zohrab (; 26 June 1861 – 1915) was an influential Armenian writer, politician, and lawyer from Ottoman Constantinople, Constantinople. At the onset of the Armenian genocide he was arrested by the Turkish government and sent to appear before a military court in Diyarbakır. En route, at a locality called Karaköprü or Şeytanderesi on the outskirts of Şanlıurfa, Urfa, he was murdered by a band of known brigands under the leadership of Çerkez Ahmet, Halil and Nazım some time between 15 July and 20 July 1915. Kévorkian, Raymond H.R. P. Yervant P‛erdahdjian: événements et faits observés à constantinople par le vicariat [patriarcal(1914-1916)]," ''Revue d'histoire arménienne contemporaine'' 1 (1995), p. 254. Life Zohrab was born into a wealthy family in Beşiktaş, Constantinople on 26 June 1861. His early education was completed at a local Armenian Catholic Church, Armenian Catholic school. He received a civil engineering degree from Galatasaray Institute, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
