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Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel
Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel was an ilag that was set up by the German occupiers during World War II in the Ruwenberg boarding school and the Beekvliet minor seminary in Sint-Michielsgestel. History Notable hostages On 4 May 1942, Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel, located in the Beekvliet minor seminary in Sint-Michielsgestel, was opened. The first inhabitants were 460 prominent Dutch individuals arrested that day, including politicians, mayors, professors, clergy, lawyers, writers, and musicians. Until the end of 1944, hundreds of notable Dutch citizens were held hostage. The Nazis believed that by holding these people as hostages, they could control the Dutch resistance and stated that they would be executed in the event of unrest in the country. Indische hostages In May 1942, the Indische hostages were also transferred to Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel. Most of the Indische hostages were Dutch people on leave from the Dutch East Indies and were taken hostage in July 1940 as retaliation f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sint-Michielsgestel
Sint-Michielsgestel () is a village in the municipality of Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands. Geography The 120 km long river Dommel flows north from a well near Peer in Belgium. Just north of 's-Hertogenbosch it is joined by the Aa and joins the Meuse as Dieze. It currently divides Sint-Michielsgestel in two parts. In the past the Dommel was important as a transport axis and had crucial influence on the village's history. Contemporary Sint-Michielsgestel Sint-Michielsgestel is located near the central transport axis in the Netherlands, between 's-Hertogenbosch and Eindhoven. Nowadays this axis is dominated by the A2 motorway, but towards 's-Hertogenbosch the village has an even more direct access via the N617. No wonder that the village grew when the suburbanization process started, and it still does. A major employer in Sint-Michielsgestel is Kentalis (nl), a resource center for sensory and communicative disabled people formerly known as ''Institute for the deaf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pillarisation
Pillarisation (from the nl, verzuiling) is the politico-denominational segregation of a society into groups by religion and associated political beliefs. These societies were (and in some areas, still are) vertically divided into two or more groups known as pillars (Dutch: ''zuilen''). The best-known examples of this have historically occurred in the Netherlands and Belgium. Each pillar may have its own social institutions and social organizations. These may include its own newspapers, broadcasting organisations, political parties, trade unions, farmers' associations, banks, stores, schools, hospitals, universities, scouting organisations and sports clubs. Such segregation means that many people have little or no personal contact with members of other pillars. Netherlands The Netherlands had at least three pillars, namely Protestant, Catholic and social-democratic. Pillarisation was originally initiated by Abraham Kuyper and his Christian Democratic and neo-Calvinist ('' ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piet Lieftinck
Pieter "Piet" Lieftinck (30 September 1902 – 9 July 1989) was a Dutch politician of the Christian Historical Union (CHU) party and later the Labour Party (PvdA) and economist. Lieftinck applied at the Utrecht University in June 1919 majoring in Law and Economics and obtaining Bachelor of Economics and Bachelor of Laws degrees in July 1922 and worked as a student researcher before graduating with a Master of Economics and Master of Laws degree's in October 1927. Lieftinck served in the Royal Netherlands Army as a lieutenant from November 1927 until November 1928. Lieftinck applied at the Columbia University in New York City in April 1929 for a postgraduate education and obtained an Master of Financial Economics degree in December 1930 and later returned to the Utrecht University where worked as a researcher and got a doctorate as an Doctor of Philosophy in Public economics on 10 December 1931. Lieftinck worked as civil servant for the Ministry of Labour, Commerce and Indu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendrik Kraemer
Hendrik Kraemer (born 17 May 1888 in Amsterdam, died 11 November 1965 in Driebergen) was a lay missiologist and figure in the ecumenical movement from Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands. He encouraged the Dutch to allow the spread missionary activities outside of the Dutch East India Company-restricted area in eastern Indonesia to the rest of the archipelago.Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume set by Hans J. Hillerbrand Biography Kraemer lost his parents when he was 12 years old, so he stayed in an orphanage. At the age of 16, he decided to become a missionary.. Kraemer married in 1919. He learned the Bible by himself, and he never entered theological seminary. On the question of theology of religions The theology of religions is the branch of theology (mostly represented by Christian, Hindu, Islamic and Jewish theology) and religious studies that attempts to theologically evaluate the phenomena of religions. Three important schools within Chri ..., Kraemer supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Kohnstamm
Max Kohnstamm (22 May 1914 – 20 October 2010) was a Dutch historian and diplomat. Early life Max Kohnstamm was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands, the son of Philip Kohnstamm, a physicist, philosopher and pedagogue of Jewish-German origin. His father was married to one of the daughters of Jean Baptiste August Kessler, who helped create the company now known as Royal Dutch Shell; one of his uncles was Geldolph Adriaan Kessler, who helped create the Dutch steel industry. During World War II, Kohnstamm and Kessler were both held hostage by the Germans along with other prominent Dutchmen at camp Beekvliet in Sint-Michielsgestel; they became quite close there despite the difference in age. He was one of the founding fathers of the European Union and played a major part in the 1950s in the development European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and then of the European Economic Communities. Education Kohnstamm was educated at Amsterdam University, where he studied Modern History, before t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolf Joekes
Adolf Marcus "Dolf" Joekes (5 May 1884 – 1 April 1962) was a Dutch politician and diplomat of the defunct Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) and later co-founder of the Labour Party (PvdA) and businessman. Joekes worked as a salesman for the Samarang–Joana Steam Tram Company and the Semarang-Cheribon Steam Tram Company in Batavia in the Dutch East Indies from 1910 until 1918 and a corporate director for the Dutch East Indies Railway Company from 1918 until 1920. Joekes worked as a civil servant for the Ministry of Labour as Director-General of the department for International Labour Laws, taking office on 18 May 1920. Joekes was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1925, taking office on 15 September 1925. Joekes also worked as a Managing editor of the party newspaper ''De Vrijzinnig-Democraat'' from 10 December 1925 until 1 May 1941. After the election of 1933 the Leader of the Free-thinking Democratic League and Parliamentar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marinus Van Der Goes Van Naters
Marinus van der Goes van Naters (21 December 1900 – 12 February 2005) was a Dutch politician of the defunct Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later the Labour Party (PvdA) and lawyer. Background and early career He was born in Nijmegen. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1937 to 1967 and in-parliament chairman of the Social Democratic parties SDAP and its successor the Dutch Labour Party from 1945 to 1951. Imprisonment at Buchenwald and elsewhere From 1940 to 1944 during World War II he was held hostage by the German occupiers in various camps, including Buchenwald concentration camp. German border issues after WW2 In the mid-1950s he was involved in the eponymous plan adopted by the Council of Europe for the settlement of the Saar question. In the post-war years he successfully argued that the Duivelsberg (German: ''Wylerberg'' or ''Teufelsberg''), annexed from Germany after World War II, be retained permanently by the Netherlands. Death He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pieter Geijl
Pieter Catharinus Arie Geyl (15 December 1887, Dordrecht – 31 December 1966, Utrecht) was a Dutch historian, well known for his studies in early modern Dutch history and in historiography. Background Geyl was born in Dordrecht and graduated from the University of Leiden in 1913. His thesis was on Christofforo Suriano, the Venetian Ambassador in the Netherlands from 1616 to 1623. He was married twice, first to Maria Cornelia van Slooten in 1911 (who died in 1933) and secondly to Garberlina Kremer in 1934. Early career Geyl worked as a teacher at Stedelijk Gymnasium Schiedam (grammar school) in Schiedam (1912–1913) before going on to serve as the London correspondent for ''Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant'' newspaper. During this time, Geyl befriended many influential people in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Britain. In 1919 Geyl took up a professorship in Dutch history at the University of London, where he taught until 1935. In 1935, Geyl returned home to become a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Einthoven
Louis Einthoven (30 March 1896 – 29 May 1979) was a Dutch lawyer and the co-founder of Nederlandsche Unie. After the war, Einthoven was put in charge of Bureau Nationale Veiligheid, which was renamed Binnenlandse Veiligheidsdienst. He was born in Soerabaja and died in Lunteren. Biography Chinese Deportations At the end of 1933, Einthoven left the Dutch East Indies and resettled in the Netherlands. On December 29 of that year he became chief commissioner of police in Rotterdam. In the 1930s, Einthoven hated the politics of pillarization in the Netherlands. As a police commissioner, he also disliked the large number of Chinese people in his city and therefore introduced two categories of Chinese: a category that was considered to have an economic value and allowed to settle in the Netherlands and a category "excess Chinese" who had no rights and had to be sent 'back' to China as soon as possible. Because of him, of the estimated 3000 Chinese in the Netherlands, more than 1000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ton Barge
Ton is the name of any one of several units of measure. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses. Mainly it describes units of weight. Confusion can arise because ''ton'' can mean * the long ton, which is 2,240 pounds * the short ton, which is 2,000 pounds * the tonne, also called the ''metric ton'', which is 1,000 kilograms or 1 megagram. Its original use as a measurement of volume has continued in the capacity of cargo ships and in terms such as the ''freight ton'' and a number of other units, ranging from in capacity. Recent specialized uses include the ton as a measure of energy and as a means of truck classification. It can also be used as a unit of energy, or in refrigeration as a unit of power, sometimes called a ''ton of refrigeration''. Because the ton (of any system of measuring weight) is usually the heaviest unit named in colloquial speech, its name also has figurative uses, singular and plural, informally meaning a large amount or quantit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willem Banning
Willem Banning ( Makkum, 21 February 1888 – Driebergen, 7 January 1971) was a Dutch theologian, philosopher, sociologist and politician, who played an important role in Dutch 20th-century politics. Personal life Banning was born the son of Jan Banning, a herring fisherman, and Aafke Canrinus. Thanks to his school teacher in elementary school he was able to attend a teachers college (''Rijksnormaalschool'') in Haarlem, where he received his teachers certificate in 1907. During his study he became involved in the movement to politically organise the college students, and in publishing a periodical, the ''Kweekelingenbode'', of which he became the editor in 1908. He was also active in the ''Kweekelingen Geheelonthoudersbond'' (a Temperance society). He was hired as a home teacher by a Hoorn notary public to educate his son in the years 1907-1909. During this period he came under the influence of a local clergyman with socialist sympathies, J. Th. Tenthoff, who introduced him to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Day Von Balluseck
A day is the time period of a full rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun. On average, this is 24 hours, 1440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds. In everyday life, the word "day" often refers to a solar day, which is the length between two solar noons or times the Sun reaches the highest point. The word "day" may also refer to ''daytime'', a time period when the location receives direct and indirect sunlight. On Earth, as a location passes through its day, it experiences morning, noon, afternoon, evening, and night. The effect of a day is vital to many life processes, which is called the circadian rhythm. A collection of sequential days is organized into calendars as dates, almost always into weeks, months and years. Most calendars' arrangement of dates use either or both the Sun with its four seasons (solar calendar) or the Moon's phasing (lunar calendar). The start of a day is commonly accepted as roughly the time of the middle of the night or midnight, written as 00:00 or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
