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Joseph Chader
Joseph Chader (; 1907 – March 28, 1977) was a Lebanese politician. He was a Member of Parliament between 1951 and 1977, and served as deputy speaker at times. In 1958 he became the first Armenian government minister in Lebanon. He served as vice chairman of the Kataeb Party.Messerlian, Zaven. ''Armenian Participation in the Lebanese Legislative Elections 1934–2009''. Beirut: Haigazian University Press, 2014. p. 112 Background Joseph Chader was born in Beirut in 1907 to an Armenian Catholic family.اللواءآل الصبّاغ وصبّاغة وصبّان وسباهي وصبح وصبرا وشادر وشامليان He was the son of an Armenian refugee from Diyarbakir, Antoine Chader. Antoine Chader had been active in the Patriotic Union. Joseph Chader studied at ''Ecole des frères'' in Beirut. In 1925 he began studying law at the French Law Institute, graduating in 1928 with good grades. After his graduation as a lawyer, he began working at the office for the Armenia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kataeb Party
The Kataeb Party (), officially the Kataeb Party – Lebanese Social Democratic Party ( '), also known as the Phalangist Party, is a right-wing Christian political party in Lebanon founded by Pierre Gemayel in 1936. The party and its paramilitary wings played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990), opposing Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon as well as collaborating with Israel. The Phalangists were responsible for the Black Saturday massacre, the Tel al-Zaatar massacre, Ehden massacre, and the Karantina massacre. In 1982, Pierre's youngest son Bachir, the leader of the party's militia, was elected President, but was assassinated before he could take office. This led to Phalangist militiamen committing the infamous Sabra and Shatila massacre during the 1982 war, with support from the IDF. Bachir was succeeded by his older brother Amine, who led the party through much of the war. In decline in the late 1980s and 1990s during the Syrian occupat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Skaff
Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jean Pierre Polnareff, a fictional character from ''JoJo's Bizarre Adventure'' * Jean Luc Picard, fictional character from ''Star Trek Next Generation'' Places * Jean, Nevada, United States; a town * Jean, Oregon, United States Entertainment * Jean (dog), a female collie in silent films * "Jean" (song) (1969), by Rod McKuen, also recorded by Oliver * ''Jean Seberg'' (musical), a 1983 musical by Marvin Hamlisch Other uses * JEAN (programming language) * USS ''Jean'' (ID-1308), American cargo ship c. 1918 * Sternwheeler Jean, a 1938 paddleboat of the Willamette River See also *Jehan * * Gene (other) * Jeanne (other) * Jehanne (other) * Jeans (other) * John (other) * Valjean (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of St
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of different ways * Hierarchy, an arrangement of items that are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another * an action or inaction that must be obeyed, mandated by someone in authority People * Orders (surname) Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Order'' (film), a 2005 Russian film * ''Order'' (album), a 2009 album by Maroon * "Order", a 2016 song from '' Brand New Maid'' by Band-Maid * ''Orders'' (1974 film), a film by Michel Brault * "Orders" (''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'') Business * Blanket order, a purchase order to allow multiple delivery dates over a period of time * Money order or postal orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Order Of The Cedar
The National Order of the Cedar () is the highest Order (honour), state order of Lebanon, established on 31 December 1936. It is offered in five grades. History The Order was created on the 31 December 1936, but is regulated by the Lebanese Code of Decorations as set out in Decree-Law 122 of 12 June 1959. It is awarded, usually, by the President of the Republic of Lebanon, for “great services rendered to Lebanon, for acts of courage and devotion of great moral value, as for years in public service”. Insignia The Medal itself consists of a five-pointed white enamel gilt-edged Maltese cross, with stylized green and brown enamel Lebanon Cedar, cedars of Lebanon between the arms on a green Vitreous enamel, enamel laurel wreath suspension; the face with a central red enamel medallion inscribed in Arabic ‘Lubnan’ (Lebanon) within an inscribed gilt ring; the reverse with a circular central Gilding, gilt medallion bearing the red and white enamel national flag of the Republi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War ( ) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 150,000 fatalities and led to the exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The religious diversity of the Lebanese people played a notable role in the lead-up to and during the conflict: Lebanese Christians and Lebanese Sunni Muslims comprised the majority in the coastal cities; Lebanese Shia Muslims were primarily based throughout southern Lebanon and in the Beqaa Valley in the east; and Lebanese Druze, Druze and Christians populated the country's mountainous areas. At the time, the Lebanese government was under the influence of elites within the Maronite Christian community. The link between politics and religion was reinforced under the Greater Lebanon, French Mandate from 1920 to 1943, and the country's parliamentary structure favoured a leading position for Lebanese Christians, who constituted the majority of the population. However, Leban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takieddine Solh
Takieddin el-Solh (also Takieddin Solh, Takieddin as-Solh; ) (1908 – 27 November 1988) was a Lebanese politician who served as the Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1973 to 1974, and again briefly in 1980. El-Solh was born in Sidon, Lebanon. A Sunni Muslim, he was a legislator representing the Beqaa Valley from 1957–1960 and 1964–1968. In 1964–1965 he was Minister of the Interior in the Government of Hussein al-Oweini. In 1973, President Suleiman Frangieh named him Prime Minister and Minister for Finance. He served as Prime Minister until 1974, when he was succeeded by Rachid Solh. In July 1980, President Elias Sarkis asked el-Solh to form a government, but he was unable to do so and resigned in October. His wife was Fadwa Barazi El-Solh. Takieddin was known for wearing the tarboush. He was faced with extensive objection by the Syrians and was told to leave Lebanon. He spent his last days in Paris, where he died of a heart attack, aged 80. In art and culture The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Lebanon)
The National Liberal Party (NLP, , ''Ḥizb Al-Waṭaniyyīn Al-Aḥrār'') is a nationalist political party in Lebanon, established by President Camille Chamoun in 1958. It is now under the leadership of Camille Dory Chamoun, his grandson, who is the MP for the Maronite seat in Baabda, elected in the 2022 Lebanese parliamentary elections allied with the Lebanese Forces Party. Policies The party has adopted a hard line in regard to the preservation of Lebanese independence, and to the safeguard of the distinctive liberal practices in Lebanon with respect to freedom of expression and opinion and religious freedoms. Most Lebanese political parties have a sectarian basis; although the NLP during the civil war was mainly supported by Christians, the NLP is a non-sectarian, national, liberal, political party that adopted the Chamoun'ism (الفكر الشمعوني) that transcends sectarianism and has support among Lebanese citizens of different religions or sects. History F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Lebanese General Election
General elections were held in Lebanon between 16 and 30 April 1972. Independent candidates won a majority of seats, although most of them were considered members of various blocs. Voter turnout was 54.4%. Background According to the 1960 constitution, the 99 seats were divided amongst ethnic and religious groups: Results The majority of MPs – 63 of the 100 – were elected as independents. However, 52 of them were considered to be members of parliamentary blocs, including 9 in the Faranjiyyah bloc, 9 in the Skaff bloc, 7 in the Assad bloc (which also included the 2 Democratic Socialist Party MPs), 7 in the Karami bloc, 6 in the Hamada bloc, 4 in the Armenian Revolutionary Federation block (which also included the party's single MP), 4 in the Arslan bloc, 3 in the Jumblatt bloc (which also included the five Progressive Socialist Party MPs) and 3 in the Salam bloc.Nohlen ''et al''., pp189–190 References {{Lebanon-poli-stub Lebanon General A general officer is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese General Election, 1968 In Beirut I
Voting to elect eight members of the Lebanese parliament took place in the Beirut I district (one of three electoral districts in the city) on March 24, 1968, part of the national general election of that year. The constituency had 98,439 eligible voters, out of whom 28,631 voted (29.59 percent, the lowest turn-out of all constituencies). The elections in Beirut I passed smoothly without violent incidents. In Beirut I, which comprised the Christian parts of the city, had 3 Armenian Orthodox seats, 1 Armenian Catholic seat, 1 Greek Catholic seat, 1 Greek Orthodox seat, 1 Maronite seat and 1 Protestant seat (for more information about the Lebanese election system, see Elections in Lebanon). Two tickets competed against each other in the Beirut I constituency. One list was headed by the Kataeb Party chairman Pierre Gemayel and the other was head by Michel Georges Sassine. There were also four candidates outside of the two tickets.Zuwiyya, Jalal. The Parliamentary Election of Lebano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1964 Lebanese General Election
General elections were held in Lebanon between 5 April and 3 May 1964. Independent candidates won the majority of seats. Voter turnout was 53.0%.Nohlen et al., p184 Results References Lebanon General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ... Elections in Lebanon Election and referendum articles with incomplete results {{Lebanon-poli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
