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Joint Centre Of Control And Coordination
The Joint Centre for Control and Coordination on ceasefire and stabilization of the demarcation line, abbreviated JCCC, is an organization composed of Ukrainian and Russian military officers, whose role is to help implement the Minsk ceasefire agreements and ensure the safety of OSCE monitors in the Russo-Ukrainian War. It was established September 26, 2014. In April 2015, Ukrainian and Russian representatives began to keep separate logs of ceasefire violations. The Russian members left Ukraine in December 2017. Headquarters The JCCC established headquarters in Soledar, in Ukraine's Donetsk oblast. In October 2014, they moved to Debaltseve. On January 21, 2015, the Russian contingent returned to Soledar because of the deteriorating situation. On February 1, several rockets hit the Debaltseve headquarters, after which the Ukrainians moved to Soledar. Composition At the end of September 2014 the JCCC working group included 76 members of the Russian Armed Forces. According to Ukr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minsk Protocol
The Minsk agreements were a series of international agreements which sought to end the Donbas war fought between armed Russian separatist groups and Armed Forces of Ukraine, with Russian regular forces playing a central part. After a defeat at Ilovaisk at the end of August 2014, Russia forced Ukraine to sign the first Minsk Protocol, or the Minsk I. It was drafted by the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, consisting of Ukraine, Russia, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), with mediation by the leaders of France (François Hollande) and Germany (Angela Merkel) in the so-called Normandy Format. After extensive talks in Minsk, Belarus, the agreement was signed on 5 September 2014 by representatives of the Trilateral Contact Group and, without recognition of their status, by the then-leaders of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR). This agreement followed multiple previous attempts to stop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organization For Security And Co-operation In Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is a regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization comprising member states in Europe, North America, and Asia. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, the promotion of human rights, freedom of the press, and free and fair elections. It employs around 3,460 people, mostly in its field operations but also in its secretariat in Vienna, Austria, and its institutions. It has observer status at the United Nations. The OSCE had its origins in 1975: its predecessors came together during the era of the Cold War to form a forum for discussion between the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. Most of its 57 participating countries are in Europe, but with some members in Asia or in North America. The participating countries comprise much of the land area of the Northern Hemisphere. The OSCE is concerned with early warning, conflict prevention, crisis management, and post-conflict rehabilitation. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Ukrainian War
The Russo-Ukrainian War began in February 2014 and is ongoing. Following Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, Russia Russian occupation of Crimea, occupied and Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, annexed Crimea from Ukraine. It then supported Russian separatist forces in Ukraine, Russian paramilitaries who began a War in Donbas, war in the eastern Donbas region against Ukraine's military. In 2018, Ukraine declared the region to be Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine, occupied by Russia. These first eight years of conflict also included List of Black Sea incidents involving Russia and Ukraine, naval incidents and Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare, cyberwarfare. In February 2022, Russia launched a Russian invasion of Ukraine, full-scale invasion of Ukraine and began occupying more of the country, starting the biggest conflict in Europe since World War II. The war has resulted in a Ukrainian refugee crisis, refugee crisis and hundreds of thousands of deaths. In early 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soledar
Soledar (, ; , ; ) is a destroyed city in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. Situated in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine, the city was formerly highly important for its salt mining industry, from which its name Soledar is derived. The last estimate of its population before its destruction was 10,490, in 2022. From 1925 until 1991, it was known as Karlo-Libknekhtovsk after the German socialist Karl Liebknecht. During the Battle of Soledar of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Soledar was completely destroyed and depopulated by Russian forces, who have occupied the ruins of the city and the surrounding area since January 2023. History Founding During the second half of the 17th century, the Don Cossacks settled in the region of Donbas, building a village at the site what is now known as of Soledar and naming it Brіantsіvka (, ). Salt mining on an industrial scale began in the settlement in 1881, by which time it was part of the Russian Empire. Over the following year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debaltseve
Debaltseve (, ) or Debaltsevo (), is a city in Horlivka Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, currently occupied by Russia as part of the Donetsk People's Republic. The city is situated on the eastern edge of Donetsk Oblast, and borders Luhansk Oblast. Population: On 18 February 2015, after the Battle of Debaltseve, the town was captured by the Russian separatist forces. Geography Distance from Donetsk: by road - 74 km, by air – 58 km. Distance from Kyiv: by road - 803 km, by rail - 797 km. The administrative boundary between the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts lies along with the eastern limits of the city. The city is located on a hill from which many Donbas rivers originate. The river Bulavin (a tributary of the river Krynka, Mius basin) originates in the southern outskirts of the city, the river Lozova (a tributary of the river Luhan, Siverskyi Donets basin) in the north-east, the river Sanzharivka (a tributary of the river Luhan) in the north, the river ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Debaltseve
The Battle of Debaltseve was a military confrontation in the city of Debaltseve, Donetsk Oblast, between the pro-Russian separatist forces of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR), and the Ukrainian Armed Forces, starting in mid-January 2015 during the war in the Donbas region. The Russian forces composed mostly of "Wagner Group" soldiers recaptured Debaltseve, which had been under Ukrainian control since a counter-offensive by government forces in July 2014. The city lay in a "wedge" of Ukrainian-held territory bordered by the DPR on one side, and the LPR on the other, and is a vital road and railway junction. Separatist and Russian forces began a concerted effort to force Ukrainian troops out of the city on 16–17 January, sparking the battle. Heavy fighting went on until 18 February 2015, when Ukrainian forces retreated from Debaltseve to Artemivsk (present-day Bakhmut). It was the last major battle during the 2014–2015 phase of the wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Separatist Forces In Donbas
Russian separatist forces in Ukraine, primarily the People's Militias of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and the Luhansk People's Republic (LPR), were pro-Russian paramilitaries in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine. They were under the overall control of the Russian Federation. They were also referred to as Russian proxy forces. They were active during the war in Donbas (2014–2022), the first stage of the Russo-Ukrainian War. They then supported the Russian Armed Forces against the Ukrainian Armed Forces during the 2022 Russian invasion. In September 2022, Russia annexed the DPR and LPR, and began integrating the paramilitaries into its armed forces. They are designated as terrorist groups by the government of Ukraine. The separatist paramilitaries were formed during the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine. The Donbas People's Militia was formed in March 2014 by Pavel Gubarev, who proclaimed himself "People's Governor" of Donetsk Oblast, while the Army of the South-E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trilateral Contact Group On Ukraine
Trilateral is something having three sides or perspectives and may refer to: * Triangle, a geometric figure with three sides and three vertices. The synonym ''trilateral'' emphasizes a definition in terms of sides rather than vertices. *The Trilateral Ankara cooperation process, a process in Pakistani–Turkish or Afghan–Turkish relations * Trilateral Commission, a private organization, established to foster closer cooperation among the United States, Europe and Japan. * Trilateral Patent Offices, the European Patent Office (EPO), the Japan Patent Office (JPO) and the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). * Trilateral Progression, the fourth album by Neuraxis. *Trilateral symmetry, a three-fold form of rotational symmetry Rotational symmetry, also known as radial symmetry in geometry, is the property a shape (geometry), shape has when it looks the same after some rotation (mathematics), rotation by a partial turn (angle), turn. An object's degree of rotational ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Invasion Of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thousands of Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War, military casualties and tens of thousands of Ukrainian Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, civilian casualties. As of 2025, Russian troops Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine, occupy about 20% of Ukraine. From a population of 41 million, about 8 million Ukrainians had been internally displaced and more than 8.2 million Ukrainian refugee crisis, had fled the country by April 2023, creating Europe's List of largest refugee crises, largest refugee crisis since World War II. In late 2021, Russia Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, massed troops near Ukraine's borders and December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO, issued demands to the Western world, West i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OSCE Special Monitoring Mission To Ukraine
The OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine was an international civilian observer mission of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) mandated to contribute to reducing tensions and to help foster peace in Ukraine. The mission was deployed in March 2014, following the Russian annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of open conflict in eastern Ukraine. The mission ended on 31 March 2022, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Background In late 2013 protests began in Kyiv as a response to the decision of the then-President of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych, to abandon the planned Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement. After months of protests, the government fell in early 2014 and unrest spread to other regions in Ukraine, in particular the Russian-speaking eastern and southern regions. On 1 March 2014, in response to the developing crisis, the Chairman-in-Office of the OSCE, Didier Burkhalter, proposed establishing a diplomatic contact gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014 In Ukraine
The following lists events that happened in the year 2014 in Ukraine. Incumbents *President of Ukraine, President: ** until February 23: Viktor Yanukovych ** February 23 – June 7: Oleksandr Turchynov (''acting'') ** starting June 7: Petro Poroshenko *Prime Minister of Ukraine, Prime Minister: ** until January 28: Mykola Azarov ** January 28 – February 22: Serhiy Arbuzov (''acting'') ** February 22–27: Oleksandr Turchynov (''acting'') ** starting February 27: Arseniy Yatsenyuk Events January * January 11 – Yuri Lutsenko, one of the leaders of the protests, is injured during clashes with the police. * January 19 – New violent clashes erupt in Ukraine as a reaction to new strict anti-protest laws. * January 20 – Violence spreads in Kyiv as protesters clash with police. * January 21 – Violent clashes occur for a second day between protesters and police in Kyiv. * January 22 – At least five people are shot dead and hundreds injured as demonstrators 2014 Hrushevsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Of The Russo-Ukrainian War
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
